Functional and phylogenetic diversity explain different components of diversity effects on biomass production

Oikos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1195
Author(s):  
Mengjiao Huang ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Marc W. Cadotte ◽  
Shurong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Effects

Use of environmental DNA in assessment of fish functional and phylogenetic diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Marques ◽  
Paul Castagné ◽  
Andréa Polanco Fernández ◽  
Giomar Helena Borrero‐Pérez ◽  
Régis Hocdé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity

scholarly journals Climate and plant community diversity in space and time

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 4464-4470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Harrison ◽  
Marko J. Spasojevic ◽  
Daijiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Drying Trend ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Over Time

Climate strongly shapes plant diversity over large spatial scales, with relatively warm and wet (benign, productive) regions supporting greater numbers of species. Unresolved aspects of this relationship include what causes it, whether it permeates to community diversity at smaller spatial scales, whether it is accompanied by patterns in functional and phylogenetic diversity as some hypotheses predict, and whether it is paralleled by climate-driven changes in diversity over time. Here, studies of Californian plants are reviewed and new analyses are conducted to synthesize climate–diversity relationships in space and time. Across spatial scales and organizational levels, plant diversity is maximized in more productive (wetter) climates, and these consistent spatial relationships are mirrored in losses of taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity over time during a recent climatic drying trend. These results support the tolerance and climatic niche conservatism hypotheses for climate–diversity relationships, and suggest there is some predictability to future changes in diversity in water-limited climates.

Diverse perennial crop mixtures sustain higher productivity over time based on ecological complementarity

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentín D. Picasso ◽  
E. Charles Brummer ◽  
Matt Liebman ◽  
Philip M. Dixon ◽  
Brian J. Wilsey
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Complementarity Effect ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Diversity Effects ◽  
Over Time

AbstractCropping systems that rely on renewable energy and resources and are based on ecological principles could be more stable and productive into the future than current monoculture systems with serious unintended environmental consequences such as soil erosion and water pollution. In nonagricultural systems, communities with higher species diversity have higher productivity and provide other ecosystem services. However, communities of well-adapted crop species selected for biomass production may respond differently to increasing diversity. Diversity effects may be due to complementarity among species (complementary resource use and facilitative interactions) or positive selection effects (e.g., species with higher productivity dominate the mixture), and these effects may change over time or across environments. Our goal was to identify the ecological mechanisms causing diversity effects in a biodiversity experiment using agriculturally relevant species, and evaluate the implications for the design of sustainable cropping systems. We seeded seven perennial forage species in a replicated field experiment at two locations in Iowa, USA, and evaluated biomass productivity of monocultures and two- to six-species mixtures over 3 years after the establishment year under management systems of contrasting intensity: one or three harvests per year. Productivity increased with seeded species richness in all environments, and the positive relationship did not change over time. Polyculture overyielding was due to complementarity among species in the community rather than to selection effects of individual species. Complementarity increased as a log-linear function of species richness in all environments, and this trend was consistent across years. Legume–grass facilitation may explain much of this complementarity effect. Although individual species with high biomass production had a major effect on productivity of mixtures, the species producing the highest biomass in monoculture changed over the years in most environments. Furthermore, transgressive overyielding was observed and was more prevalent in later years, in some environments. We conclude that choosing a single well-adapted species for maximizing productivity may not be the best alternative over the long term and that high levels of species diversity should be included in the design of productive and ecologically sound agricultural systems.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic diversity correlated with above‐ground biomass production during forest succession: Evidence from tropical forests in Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 1419-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manichanh Satdichanh ◽  
Huaixia Ma ◽  
Kai Yan ◽  
Gbadamassi G.O. Dossa ◽  
Leigh Winowiecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass
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