Leaf and fine root carbon stocks and turnover are coupled across Arctic ecosystems

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3668-3676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Sloan ◽  
Benjamin J. Fletcher ◽  
Malcolm C. Press ◽  
Mathew Williams ◽  
Gareth K. Phoenix
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Root Carbon

scholarly journals Improving models of fine root carbon stocks and fluxes in European forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 496-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Neumann ◽  
Douglas L. Godbold ◽  
Yasuhiro Hirano ◽  
Leena Finér
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Root Carbon

scholarly journals Carbon Storage Dynamics of Secondary Forest Succession in the Central Loess Plateau of China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Wenhui Zhang ◽  
Yanlei Lu ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yanan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon Stocks

Research Highlights: This study comprehensively revealed the carbon sequestration characteristics of secondary forests in the central Loess Plateau during vegetation succession. Background and Objectives: The secondary succession of Loess Plateau forests is of great significance in global climate change, but their carbon storage dynamics are poorly understood. The study objectives were to clarify the pattern of changes and contribution level of carbon stocks in various components of ecosystem during succession. Materials and Methods: We selected 18 plots for Pinus tabuliformis Carr. forest at the early stage of succession, 19 for pine-broadleaved mixed forest at the middle stage, and 12 for Quercus-broadleaved mixed forest at the climax stage to determine the tree, shrub, herb, fine root, litter, coarse wood debris (CWD), and soil carbon stocks. Results: Ecosystem carbon stocks increased from 160.73 to 231.14 Mg·ha−1 with the succession stages. Vegetation (including tree, shrub and herb) and soil were the two largest carbon pools, and carbon was mainly sequestrated in tree biomass and shallow soil (0–50 cm). In the early stage, soil contributed more carbon stocks to the ecosystem than vegetation, but with succession, the soil contribution decreased while vegetation contribution increased, finally reaching a balance (46.78% each) at the climax stage. Fine root, litter, and CWD contributed little (average 6.59%) to ecosystem carbon stocks and were mainly involved in the turnover of vegetation biomass to soil carbon. Conclusions: Our results provide direct evidence for carbon sequestration of secondary forests on the Loess Plateau. The dynamic results of carbon storage provide an important basis for forest restoration management under climate change.

scholarly journals Invasive earthworms unlock arctic plant nitrogen limitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesche Blume-Werry ◽  
Eveline J. Krab ◽  
Johan Olofsson ◽  
Maja K. Sundqvist ◽  
Maria Väisänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Common Garden Experiment ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Invasive Earthworms ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
And Function

AbstractArctic plant growth is predominantly nitrogen (N) limited. This limitation is generally attributed to slow soil microbial processes due to low temperatures. Here, we show that arctic plant-soil N cycling is also substantially constrained by the lack of larger detritivores (earthworms) able to mineralize and physically translocate litter and soil organic matter. These new functions provided by earthworms increased shrub and grass N concentration in our common garden experiment. Earthworm activity also increased either the height or number of floral shoots, while enhancing fine root production and vegetation greenness in heath and meadow communities to a level that exceeded the inherent differences between these two common arctic plant communities. Moreover, these worming effects on plant N and greening exceeded reported effects of warming, herbivory and nutrient addition, suggesting that human spreading of earthworms may lead to substantial changes in the structure and function of arctic ecosystems.

Predicting fine root production and turnover by monitoring root starch and soil temperature

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Marshall ◽  
R. H. Waring
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Maintenance Respiration ◽  
Root Carbon ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Root Starch ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

To determine how the longevity of fine roots (those without secondary thickening) is controlled, shoots of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii Mirb. (Franco)) seedlings were exposed to light or maintained in darkness while roots were maintained at 10, 20, or 30 °C. Fine root maintenance respiration rates, estimated from rates of starch and sugar depletion in the seedlings maintained in darkness, ranged from 0.83 to 3.25 mg starch g dry weight−1 day−1. At 20 and 30 °C, starch deposition was curtailed and previously deposited starch was used to maintain the older roots, whether current photosynthate was entering the root system or not. On the other hand, at 10 °C starch was deposited in the roots whenever the root systems grew. Based on these results, we suggest that starch deposition in a fine root occurs only when the root is being formed and the root carbon balance is positive. Starch is subsequently respired to meet maintenance requirements exclusively. A simple means of estimating root biomass production and turnover based on root starch and soil temperature is described and compared with field estimates.

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