Water flow and temperature interact to determine oxidative status, swimming performance, and dispersal of mosquitofish ( Gambusia holbrooki )

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Seebacher ◽  
Ensiyeh Kazerouni‐Ghanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Gambusia Holbrooki

Monitoring Performance Using a Real-Time Biodynamic Feedback Device

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Atha ◽  
D. Harris ◽  
G. West ◽  
P.K. Manley
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
External Line ◽  
Continuous Measurements ◽  
Velocity Transducer ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Monitoring Performance

A prototype swimming tachometer is described which consists of a waterproof box housing a battery-powered electronic system linked externally to an opto-electronic velocity transducer. The device is strapped to the hips, where it monitors water flow to produce continuous measurements of two critical variables of swimming performance, namely, velocity and acceleration. These measurements are converted in real time to auditory feedback signals to the subject via an ear plug. Permanent records may be taken simultaneously as an option using a switched external line.

scholarly journals Generalist–specialist trade-off during thermal acclimation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 140251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Seebacher ◽  
Varlérie Ducret ◽  
Alexander G. Little ◽  
Bart Adriaenssens
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Gambusia Holbrooki ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Acclimation Treatment

The shape of performance curves and their plasticity define how individuals and populations respond to environmental variability. In theory, maximum performance decreases with an increase in performance breadth. However, reversible acclimation may counteract this generalist–specialist trade-off, because performance optima track environmental conditions so that there is no benefit of generalist phenotypes. We tested this hypothesis by acclimating individual mosquitofish ( Gambusia holbrooki ) to cool and warm temperatures consecutively and measuring performance curves of swimming performance after each acclimation treatment. Individuals from the same population differed significantly in performance maxima, performance breadth and the capacity for acclimation. As predicted, acclimation resulted in a shift of the temperature at which maximal performance occurred. Within acclimation treatments, there was a significant generalist–specialist trade-off in responses to acute temperature change. Surprisingly, however, there was also a trade-off across acclimation treatments, and animals with greater capacity for cold acclimation had lower performance maxima under warm conditions. Hence, cold acclimation may be viewed as a generalist strategy that extends performance breadth at the colder seasons, but comes at the cost of reduced performance at the warmer time of year. Acclimation therefore does not counteract a generalist–specialist trade-off and, at least in mosquitofish, the trade-off seems to be a system property that persists despite phenotypic plasticity.

Differences in swimming performance and energetic costs between an endangered native toothcarp ( Aphanius iberus ) and an invasive mosquitofish ( Gambusia holbrooki )

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc Rubio‐Gracia ◽  
Emili García‐Berthou ◽  
Dani Latorre ◽  
Ramon Moreno‐Amich ◽  
Pao Srean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Gambusia Holbrooki ◽  
Energetic Costs

scholarly journals Relationship Between Tethered Swimming in a Flume and Swimming Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094
Author(s):  
Jesús J. Ruiz-Navarro ◽  
Pedro G. Morouço ◽  
Raúl Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Flow Velocities

Purpose: To study the relationship between tethered swimming in a flume at different speeds and swimming performance. Methods: Sixteen regional-level swimmers performed 25-, 50-, and 100-m front-crawl trials and four 30-s tethered-swimming tests at 0, 0.926, 1.124, and 1.389 m·s−1 water-flow velocities. Average and maximum force, average and maximum impulse, and intracyclic force variation (dF) were estimated for each tethered-swimming trial. Swimming velocity and intracyclic velocity variation (dv) were obtained for each free-swimming trial. Stroke rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were registered for all trials. Results: Tethered-swimming variables, both at 1.124 m·s−1 and at 1.389 m·s−1 water-flow velocities, were positively associated with 25-m swimming velocity (P < .05). Average force and maximum impulse in stationary swimming were significantly associated with 25-m swimming velocity (P < .05). A positive relationship between water-flow velocities with dF was observed. Swimming performance was not related to dF or dv. Neither stroke rate nor RPE differed between the 4 tethered conditions and mean 50-m free-swimming velocity (P > .05). Conclusions: Measuring force in a swimming flume at higher water-flow velocities is a better indicator of performance than stationary tethered swimming. It enables assessment of the ability to effectively apply force in the water.

Effects of size and sex on swimming performance and metabolism of invasive mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pao Srean ◽  
David Almeida ◽  
Francesc Rubio-Gracia ◽  
Yiping Luo ◽  
Emili García-Berthou
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Gambusia Holbrooki

scholarly journals Effects of wave-driven water flow on the fast-start escape response of juvenile coral reef damselfishes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Roche
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Escape Response ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Juvenile Coral ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Escape Responses

Fish often evade predators with a fast-start escape response. Studies typically examine this behaviour in still water despite water motion being an inherent feature of aquatic ecosystems. In shallow habitats, waves create complex flows that likely influence escape performance, particularly in small fishes with low absolute swimming speeds relative to environmental flows. I examined how wave-driven water flow affects the behaviour and kinematics of escape responses in juveniles of three coral reef damselfishes (Pomacentridae) with different body morphologies. Tropical damselfishes have similar fin and body shapes during early development with the exception of body depth, a trait deemed important for postural control and stability. Wave-driven flow increased response latency in two of the three species tested: fish with a fusiform body responded 2.4 times slower in wave-driven flow than in still water, whereas this difference was less pronounced in fish with an intermediate body depth (1.9 times slower response), and absent in fish with a laterally compressed body. The effect of wave-driven flow on swimming performance (cumulative escape distance and turning rate) was variable and depended on the timing and trajectory of escape responses in relation to the wave phase. Given intense predation pressure on juvenile coral reef fishes during settlement, interspecific differences in how wave-driven flow affects their ability to escape predators could influence the distribution and abundance of species across spatial and temporal scales.

scholarly journals Ecological separation by ecomorphology and swimming performance between two congeneric fish species

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rafael C. R. Souza ◽  
Paulo S. Pompeu
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Swimming Capacity

The high diversity of freshwater fish species reflects a great morphological plasticity. Understanding the relationship between swimming capacity, morphology and habitat use may be important to predict the chances of finding a species at an anthropized environment. The swimming capacity and morphological aspects of two sympatric species of Characidium, and for which spatial segregation in different hydraulic habitats is known, were compared in this study. Twenty-one individuals of Characidium fasciatum Reinhardt, 1867 and 23 individuals of Characidium cf. zebra Eigenmann, 1909 were captured and used for the evaluation of the swimming capacity and ecomorphological attributes. The swimming capacity of each species was obtained by measuring critical and relative velocities. A total of 12 ecomorphological attributes correlated with habitat use and swimming characteristics were also compared. The Mann-Whitney mean test showed that the swimming capacity of C. fasciatum was greater than that of C. cf. zebra, and the standard length of the individuals explained 12.42% of the variation in their capacity to withstand water flow. Both species were morphologically distinct in the relative length of the caudal peduncle, ventral flattening index and the relative area of the pectoral fin. The relative area of the pectoral fin alone accounted for 16.71% of the differences in the ability to resist the water flow and which were not explained by body length. Our results showed that two species differed in the ecomorphological space and in their swimming capacity, supporting the hypothesis that the greater the hydrodynamism, the better a fish is able to withstand the water flow, and that this capacity is correlated with the morphological characteristics linked to the swimming activity of the fish.

scholarly journals Effects of wave-driven water flow on the fast-start escape response of juvenile coral reef damselfishes

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (6) ◽  
pp. jeb234351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique G. Roche
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Escape Response ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Juvenile Coral ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Escape Responses

ABSTRACTFish often evade predators with a fast-start escape response. Studies typically examine this behaviour in still water despite water motion being an inherent feature of aquatic ecosystems. In shallow habitats, waves create complex flows that likely influence escape performance, particularly in small fishes with low absolute swimming speeds relative to environmental flows. I examined how wave-driven water flow affects the behaviour and kinematics of escape responses in juveniles of three coral reef damselfishes (Pomacentridae) with different body morphologies. Tropical damselfishes have similar fin and body shapes during early development, with the exception of body depth, a trait deemed important for postural control and stability. Wave-driven flow increased response latency in two of the three species tested: fish with a fusiform body responded 2.9 times slower in wave-driven flow than in still water, whereas this difference was less pronounced in fish with an intermediate body depth (1.9 times slower response) and absent in fish with a laterally compressed body. The effect of wave-driven flow on swimming performance (cumulative escape distance and turning rate) was variable and depended on the timing and trajectory of escape responses in relation to the wave phase. Given intense predation pressure on juvenile coral reef fishes during settlement, interspecific differences in how wave-driven flow affects their ability to escape predators could influence the distribution and abundance of species across spatial and temporal scales.

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