scholarly journals Oxygen regulation of TET enzymes

FEBS Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rugile Matuleviciute ◽  
Pedro P. Cunha ◽  
Randall S. Johnson ◽  
Iosifina P. Foskolou
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Regulation ◽  
Tet Enzymes

scholarly journals Modulator sequences mediate oxygen regulation of CYC1 and a neighboring gene in yeast.

1983 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Lowry ◽  
J. L. Weiss ◽  
D. A. Walthall ◽  
R. S. Zitomer
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Regulation ◽  
Neighboring Gene

scholarly journals Simultaneous deletion of the methylcytosine oxidases Tet1 and Tet3 increases transcriptome variability in early embryogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (31) ◽  
pp. E4236-E4245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsuk Kang ◽  
Matthias Lienhard ◽  
William A. Pastor ◽  
Ashu Chawla ◽  
Mark Novotny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Cholesterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Tet Proteins ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Variable Gene ◽  
Intracellular Pathways ◽  
Tet Enzymes

Dioxygenases of the TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) family produce oxidized methylcytosines, intermediates in DNA demethylation, as well as new epigenetic marks. Here we show data suggesting that TET proteins maintain the consistency of gene transcription. Embryos lacking Tet1 and Tet3 (Tet1/3 DKO) displayed a strong loss of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and a concurrent increase in 5-methylcytosine (5mC) at the eight-cell stage. Single cells from eight-cell embryos and individual embryonic day 3.5 blastocysts showed unexpectedly variable gene expression compared with controls, and this variability correlated in blastocysts with variably increased 5mC/5hmC in gene bodies and repetitive elements. Despite the variability, genes encoding regulators of cholesterol biosynthesis were reproducibly down-regulated in Tet1/3 DKO blastocysts, resulting in a characteristic phenotype of holoprosencephaly in the few embryos that survived to later stages. Thus, TET enzymes and DNA cytosine modifications could directly or indirectly modulate transcriptional noise, resulting in the selective susceptibility of certain intracellular pathways to regulation by TET proteins.

C34. Oxygen regulation of tumor perfusion unravels the central pressor activity of cell-free human S-nitrosohemoglobin

Nitric Oxide ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
P. Sonveaux ◽  
O. Feron ◽  
T.J. McMahon ◽  
J.S. Stamler ◽  
M.W. Dewhirst
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Regulation ◽  
Tumor Perfusion ◽  
Pressor Activity

scholarly journals An epigenetic switch repressingTet1in gonadotropes activates the reproductive axis

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (38) ◽  
pp. 10131-10136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahav Yosefzon ◽  
Cfir David ◽  
Anna Tsukerman ◽  
Lilach Pnueli ◽  
Sen Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Epigenetic Switch ◽  
Ovarian Follicle Development ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Tet Enzymes

The TET enzymes catalyze conversion of 5-methyl cytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine (5hmC) and play important roles during development. TET1 has been particularly well-studied in pluripotent stem cells, butTet1-KO mice are viable, and the most marked defect is abnormal ovarian follicle development, resulting in impaired fertility. We hypothesized that TET1 might play a role in the central control of reproduction by regulating expression of the gonadotropin hormones, which are responsible for follicle development and maturation and ovarian function. We find that all three TET enzymes are expressed in gonadotrope-precursor cells, butTet1mRNA levels decrease markedly with completion of cell differentiation, corresponding with an increase in expression of the luteinizing hormone gene,Lhb. We demonstrate that poorly differentiated gonadotropes express a TET1 isoform lacking the N-terminal CXXC-domain, which repressesLhbgene expression directly and does not catalyze 5hmC at the gene promoter. We show that this isoform is also expressed in other differentiated tissues, and that it is regulated by an alternative promoter whose activity is repressed by the liganded estrogen and androgen receptors, and by the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone through activation of PKA. Its expression is also regulated by DNA methylation, including at an upstream enhancer that is protected by TET2, to allowTet1expression. The down-regulation of TET1 relieves its repression of the methylatedLhbgene promoter, which is then hydroxymethylated and activated by TET2 for full reproductive competence.

Nucleobase Modifiers Identify TET Enzymes as Bifunctional DNA Dioxygenases Capable of Direct N‐Demethylation

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (28) ◽  
pp. 11408-11411
Author(s):  
Uday Ghanty ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Rahul M. Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Tet Enzymes

scholarly journals Tet Enzymes, Variants, and Differential Effects on Function

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Melamed ◽  
Yahav Yosefzon ◽  
Cfir David ◽  
Anna Tsukerman ◽  
Lilach Pnueli
Keyword(s):  
Differential Effects ◽  
Tet Enzymes

scholarly journals Phage-encoded ten-eleven translocation dioxygenase (TET) is active in C5-cytosine hypermodification in DNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (26) ◽  
pp. e2026742118
Author(s):  
Evan J. Burke ◽  
Samuel S. Rodda ◽  
Sean R. Lund ◽  
Zhiyi Sun ◽  
Malcolm R. Zeroka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Dna Packaging ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Sequence Specificity ◽  
Host Restriction ◽  
Tet Enzymes ◽  
Dioxygenase Activity

TET/JBP (ten-eleven translocation/base J binding protein) enzymes are iron(II)- and 2-oxo-glutarate–dependent dioxygenases that are found in all kingdoms of life and oxidize 5-methylpyrimidines on the polynucleotide level. Despite their prevalence, few examples have been biochemically characterized. Among those studied are the metazoan TET enzymes that oxidize 5-methylcytosine in DNA to hydroxy, formyl, and carboxy forms and the euglenozoa JBP dioxygenases that oxidize thymine in the first step of base J biosynthesis. Both enzymes have roles in epigenetic regulation. It has been hypothesized that all TET/JBPs have their ancestral origins in bacteriophages, but only eukaryotic orthologs have been described. Here we demonstrate the 5mC-dioxygenase activity of several phage TETs encoded within viral metagenomes. The clustering of these TETs in a phylogenetic tree correlates with the sequence specificity of their genomically cooccurring cytosine C5-methyltransferases, which install the methyl groups upon which TETs operate. The phage TETs favor Gp5mC dinucleotides over the 5mCpG sites targeted by the eukaryotic TETs and are found within gene clusters specifying complex cytosine modifications that may be important for DNA packaging and evasion of host restriction.

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