scholarly journals Structural and biochemical analysis of Bacillus anthracis prephenate dehydrogenase reveals an unusual mode of inhibition by tyrosine via the ACT domain

FEBS Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 287 (11) ◽  
pp. 2235-2255
Author(s):  
Ivan G. Shabalin ◽  
Artyom Gritsunov ◽  
Jing Hou ◽  
Joanna Sławek ◽  
Charles D. Miks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Prephenate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Act Domain

scholarly journals ACT domain of Bacillus anthracis prephenate dehydrogenase acts as tyrosine sensor and inhibits the enzyme via a mechanical switch

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (a1) ◽  
pp. a341-a341
Author(s):  
Ivan G. Shabalin ◽  
Artyom Gritsunov ◽  
Jing Hou ◽  
Joanna Lipowska ◽  
Charles D. Miks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Prephenate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Act Domain ◽  
Mechanical Switch

scholarly journals The ACT domain in chloroplast precursor–phosphorylating STY kinases binds metabolites and allosterically regulates kinase activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (46) ◽  
pp. 17278-17288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Eisa ◽  
Bettina Bölter ◽  
Serena Schwenkert
Keyword(s):  
Chorismate Mutase ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Structural Motif ◽  
Aspartate Kinase ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Prephenate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Chloroplast Differentiation ◽  
Act Domain

Protein import of nucleus-encoded proteins into plant chloroplasts is a highly regulated process, requiring fine-tuning mechanisms especially during chloroplast differentiation. One way of altering import efficiency is phosphorylation of chloroplast transit peptides in the cytosol. We recently investigated the role of three serine/threonine/tyrosine (STY) kinases, STY8, STY17, and STY46, in precursor phosphorylation. These three kinases have a high degree of similarity and harbor a conserved aspartate kinase–chorismate mutase–tyrA (prephenate dehydrogenase) (ACT) domain upstream of the kinase domain. The ACT domain is a widely distributed structural motif known to be important for allosteric regulation of many enzymes. In this work, using biochemical and biophysical techniques in vitro and in planta, including kinase assays, microscale thermophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, as well as site-directed mutagenesis approaches, we show that the ACT domain regulates autophosphorylation and substrate phosphorylation of the STY kinases. We found that isoleucine and S-adenosylmethionine bind to the ACT domain, negatively influencing its autophosphorylation ability. Moreover, we investigated the role of the ACT domain in planta and confirmed its involvement in chloroplast differentiation in vivo. Our results provide detailed insights into the regulation of enzyme activity by ACT domains and establish that it has a role in binding amino acid ligands during chloroplast biogenesis.

Mitochondria in Cardiomyopathy: Alterations in Size, Number and Internal Structures

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
George Hug ◽  
William K. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Left Ventricular Outflow ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Myocardial Fibers ◽  
Muscle Biopsies ◽  
Needle Liver Biopsy

A white boy six months of age was hospitalized with respiratory distress and congestive heart failure. Control of the heart failure was achieved but marked cardiomegaly, moderate hepatomegaly, and minimal muscular weakness persisted.At birth a chest x-ray had been taken because of rapid breathing and jaundice and showed the heart to be of normal size. Clinical studies included: EKG which showed biventricular hypertrophy, needle liver biopsy which showed toxic hepatitis, and cardiac catheterization which showed no obstruction to left ventricular outflow. Liver and muscle biopsies revealed no biochemical or histological evidence of type II glycogexiosis (Pompe's disease). At thoracotomy, 14 milligrams of left ventricular muscle were removed. Total phosphorylase activity in the biopsy specimen was normal by biochemical analysis as was the degree of phosphorylase activation. By light microscopy, vacuoles and fine granules were seen in practically all myocardial fibers. The fibers were not hypertrophic. The endocardium was not thickened excluding endocardial fibroelastosis. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of idiopathic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy was made.

3H-galactose and 3H-glucose incorporation into newly synthesized hepatic glycogen in control-fed rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 292-293
Author(s):  
J.E. Michaels ◽  
S.A. Garfield ◽  
J.T. Hung ◽  
S.S. Smith ◽  
R.R. Cardell
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Tracer Dose ◽  
Glucose Incorporation ◽  
Wet Weight

3H-galactose (gal) and 3H-glucose (glu) were compared to determine which compound was preferable for pulse labeling newly formed hepatic glycogen. Control fed rats were used to achieve substantial and consistent levels of hepatic glycogen and to stimulate glycogen synthesis.Rats fed once daily for 4 hr achieved hepatic glycogen levels > 3% wet weight liver prior to injection by tail vein of a tracer dose of 3H-gal or 3H-glu. The rats were sacrificed 15-120 min later and liver was prepared by routine techniques for light (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) radioautography (RAG) and biochemical analysis.

TO FIND OUT ELECTRO-CARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES & ECHO CHANGES IN ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE AND ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE POISONING

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Nargawe ◽  
Sumeet Sisodiya
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Ethylene Dibromide ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Aluminium Phosphide ◽  
Urine Examination ◽  
Cardiovascular Involvement ◽  
Careful Clinical Examination

Background & Method: The study was conducted in the Department of Medicine Shyam Shah Medical College and Associated Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Rewa (M.P). History was followed by a careful clinical examination i.e. cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal and nervous system. Investigations had done included routine haematological examination, Biochemical analysis, urine examination, ECG, 2 D. Echo & Histopathological examination was done. Result: ST-T changes were most common finding in Aluminium phosphide poisoning in relation to mortality. However hyperkalemia was the most ominous finding associated with 100% mortality, ECG finding in EDB was normal ECG. The most ominous finding was arrhythmia which was associated with 100% mortality. Survivors of ethylene dibromide poisoning echocardiography was normal in 11 (84.61%) followed by pericardial effusion in 2 (15.38%) patients. Conclusion: Noteworthy finding was absence of correlation between cardiovascular involvement, histopathological changes and ECG findings. It was seen that even if ECG showed normal pattern there were significant histopathological changes in heart. Keywords: electro-cardiographic, Aluminium phosphide, ethylene dibromide & poisoning.

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