scholarly journals Performance in three shell functions predicts the phenotypic distribution of hard‐shelled turtles

Evolution ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 720-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tristan Stayton
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Distribution

scholarly journals Habitat partitioning during character displacement between the sexes

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 20180124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. De Lisle ◽  
Samuel Paiva ◽  
Locke Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Partial Migration ◽  
Habitat Partitioning ◽  
Ecological Dynamics ◽  
Phenotypic Distribution ◽  
Ecological Character Displacement ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Ecological Differences

Ecological differences between the sexes are often interpreted as evidence of within-species ecological character displacement (ECD), a hypothesis with almost no direct tests. Here, we experimentally test two predictions that are direct corollaries of ECD between the sexes, in a salamander. First, we find support for the prediction that each sex has a growth rate advantage in the aquatic microhabitat where it is most commonly found. Second, we test the prediction that selection for ECD in the breeding environment may affect partial migration out of this environment. We found that phenotype-dependent migration resulted in a shift in the phenotypic distribution across treatments, with the highest sexual dimorphism occurring among residents at high founding density, suggesting that migration and ECD can both be driven by competition. Our work illustrates how complex patterns of habitat partitioning evolve during ECD between the sexes and suggest ECD and partial migration can interact to effect both ecological dynamics and evolution of sexual dimorphism.

The phenotypic distribution of quantitative traits in a wild mouse F1 population

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxun Zhou ◽  
Yinming Liang ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Xiong Bai ◽  
Guoqiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Wild Mouse ◽  
Phenotypic Distribution

Radical Epistasis and the Genotype-Phenotype Relationship

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sloan Wilson ◽  
Alexandra Wells
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Nk Model ◽  
Phenotypic Distribution ◽  
Adaptive Landscapes

Models of evolution often assume that the offspring of two genotypes, which are genetically intermediate by definition, are also phenotypically intermediate. The continuity between genotype and phenotype interferes with the process of evolution on multipeaked adaptive landscapes because the progeny of genotypes that lie on separate adaptive peaks fall into valleys of low fitness. This problem can be solved by epistasis, which disrupts the continuity between genotype and phenotype. In a five-locus sexual haploid model with maximum epistasis, natural selection in multipeak landscapes evolves a set of genotypes that a) occupy the adaptive peaks and b) give rise to each other by recombination. The epistatic genetic system therefore “molds” the phenotypic distribution to the adaptive landscape, without assortative mating or linkage disequilibrium. If the adaptive landscape is changed, a new set of genotypes quickly evolves that satisfies conditions a and b, above, for the new peaks. Our model may be relevant to a number of recalcitrant problems in biology and also stands in contrast to Kauffman's [3] NK model of evolution on rugged fitness surfaces, in which epistasis and recombination tend to constrain the evolutionary process.

scholarly journals Phenotypic distribution of goat kid's growth at birth and at three months of age in oases of Southern Tunisia

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Amor Gaddour ◽  
Mabrouk Ouni ◽  
Sghaier Najari ◽  
Mouldi Abdennebi
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Distribution ◽  
Southern Tunisia

scholarly journals Biology of amazonian mosquitoes. III. Esterase isozymes in Anopheles darlingi.

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joselita M.M. dos Santos ◽  
Eucleia P.B. Contel ◽  
Warwick E. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Anopheles Darlingi ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Esterase Isozymes ◽  
Phenotypic Distribution ◽  
Polymorphic System

Six esterase isozymes were studied during the development of Anopheles darlingi by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and two different substrates, a-naphthylcelate and a-naphthylpropionate. Esterases 5 and 6'were detected in all developmental stages esterases 1 and 2 were more intensively stained if larvae, while esterases 3 and 4 were better visualized in pupae and adults. Strong differences in intensity of some of the isozymes were observed during the pupal stage.Four out of the six isozymes showed variation in the electrophoretic mobility. Esterase-2 was choosed for genetic studies, because was the best stained isozyme in the gels. Two codominant alleles {Est2*S and Est2*F) code for this polymorphic system, with the Est*S frequency equal to 0.521. Phenotypic distribution is in agreement with hardy-Weinberg expectations.

scholarly journals A Nonparametric Test to Detect Quantitative Trait Loci Where the Phenotypic Distribution Differs by Genotypes

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugues Aschard ◽  
Noah Zaitlen ◽  
Rulla M. Tamimi ◽  
Sara Lindström ◽  
Peter Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Phenotypic Distribution ◽  
Trait Loci
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