scholarly journals Water depth modifies back kinematics of horses during water treadmill exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Nankervis ◽  
P. Finney ◽  
L. Launder
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Water Treadmill

scholarly journals Consensus for the General Use of Equine Water Treadmills for Healthy Horses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Kathryn Nankervis ◽  
Carolyne Tranquille ◽  
Persephone McCrae ◽  
Jessica York ◽  
Morgan Lashley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Water Treadmill ◽  
Selection Of

Water treadmill exercise has become popular in recent years for the training and rehabilitation of equine athletes. In 2019, an equine hydrotherapy working group was formed to establish what was commonly considered to be best practice in the use of the modality. This article describes the process by which general guidelines for the application of water treadmill exercise in training and rehabilitation programmes were produced by the working group. The guidelines describe the consensus reached to date on (1) the potential benefits of water treadmill exercise, (2) general good practice in water treadmill exercise, (3) introduction of horses to the exercise, (4) factors influencing selection of belt speed, water depth and duration of exercise, and (5) monitoring movement on the water treadmill. The long-term goal is to reach a consensus on the optimal use of the modality within a training or rehabilitation programme. Collaboration between clinicians, researchers and experienced users is needed to develop research programmes and further guidelines regarding the most appropriate application of the modality for specific veterinary conditions.

Biomechanical responses of the back of riding horses to water treadmill exercise

2013 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. e120-e123 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J.W. Mooij ◽  
W. Jans ◽  
G.J.L. den Heijer ◽  
M. de Pater ◽  
W. Back
Keyword(s):  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Biomechanical Responses ◽  
Water Treadmill

Water depth effects on impact loading, kinematic and physiological variables during water treadmill running

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Macdermid ◽  
Josh Wharton ◽  
Carina Schill ◽  
Philip W. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Water Treadmill ◽  
Depth Effects

Effect of water depth on muscle activity of dogs when walking on a water treadmill

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
S. Parkinson ◽  
A.P. Wills ◽  
G. Tabor ◽  
J.M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Lateral Malleolus ◽  
Greater Trochanter ◽  
Lateral Epicondyle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Water Treadmill ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Water Depths

Evidence-informed practice is currently lacking in canine hydrotherapy. This study aimed to investigate if the estimated workload of the gluteus medius (GM) and longissimus dorsi (LD) increased in dogs at different water depths when walking on a water treadmill. Seven dogs were walked for 2 min continuously on a water treadmill at depths of no submersion (depth 1), mid-tarsal (depth 2), between lateral malleolus and lateral epicondyle (depth 3) and between the lateral epicondyle and greater trochanter (depth 4). Continuous electromyographic data from the right and left sides of GM and LD were collected simultaneously during exercise. Friedman’s analyses with post-hoc Wilcoxon tests established if significant differences in GM and LD muscle activity occurred between the water depths for mean estimated-workload. Significant differences occurred in estimated-workload in GM and LD between water depths (P<0.05). Mean estimated-workload decreased in the right and left GM between depths 2 (mid-tarsal) and 3 (between lateral malleolus and epicondyle) (P<0.007) and depths 2 and 4 (between lateral epicondyle and greater trochanter) (P<0.001), a pattern which was repeated for left and right LD (P<0.007). Right GM mean estimated-workload increased between depth 1 (no submersion) and depth 2 only (P<0.013). Water depth influences GM and LD activity in dogs walking on a water treadmill. Increasing knowledge of canine locomotion in water treadmills could be used to inform individualised rehabilitation regimes for dogs undertaking hydrotherapy.

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Water Depth and Velocity on the Accelerometric Parameters Measured in Horses Exercised on a Water Treadmill

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aritz Saitua ◽  
Mireya Becero ◽  
David Argüelles ◽  
Cristina Castejón-Riber ◽  
Antonia Sánchez de Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Dorsoventral Axis ◽  
Terrestrial Locomotion ◽  
Pectoral Region ◽  
Water Treadmill

Horse trainers often claim that exercise on a water treadmill (WT) leads to a greater muscle power and development compared to terrestrial locomotion, because of the greater viscosity of water compared to air. This research assesses locomotor changes measured with accelerometers fixed in the pectoral region and in the sacrum midline in six horses subjected to exercise sessions of 40 min duration on a WT without water (DT), and with water at the depth of fetlock (FET) and carpus (CAR) with velocities of 6 km/h and at the depth of stifle (STF) at 5 km/h. Another five horses performed the same exercise sessions but always with a velocity of 5 km/h. Total power increased from DT to FET and CAR, without significant differences between CAR and STF depths when the velocity was the same. However, a significant decrease was found when the velocity was reduced. The greater total power with water was distributed mainly to the dorsoventral axis, with significant increases in dorsoventral displacement and dorsoventral power. Both parameters were significantly affected by velocity and water depth. In conclusion, total and dorsoventral powers increased with velocity and water depth, leading to reduction in longitudinal and mediolateral power, during exercise on a WT.

Current Knowledge of Equine Water Treadmill Exercise: What Can We Learn From Human and Canine Studies?

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyne A. Tranquille ◽  
Kathryn J. Nankervis ◽  
Vicki A. Walker ◽  
Jack B. Tacey ◽  
Rachel C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Water Treadmill
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