Imperial Invectives against Constantius II: Athanasius of Alexandria, History of the Arians , Hilary of Poitiers, Against Constantius , and Lucifer of Cagliari, The Necessity of Dying for the Son of God . Translated with introduction and commentary by Richard Flower. Translated Texts for Historians 67. Liverpool, Liverpool University Press. 2016. £19.99. ISBN 978 1 78138 328 5.

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-674
Author(s):  
Mark Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Son Of God ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hilary Of Poitiers ◽  
Constantius Ii

scholarly journals Eklezja Mateusza – eschatologiczną „Resztą Izraela”?

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Żywica
Keyword(s):  
Equal Rights ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
Rabbinic Judaism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
Second Coming

In a holistic look at the history of Israel and the Church, Evangelist Matthewseems to express the hope that taken by him idea of “Rest”, proves tobe a kind of bridge for the followers of rabbinic Judaism. He also trusts thatin the eschatological times – finally closed by the Second Coming of the Sonof Man – they profess, at least some of them, faith in Jesus from Nazarethas the Messiah and Son of God at the same time. Faith confessed by themwill allow to enter into the Church and obtain the same equal rights as otherparticipants of that idea in the following centuries of the God’s salvationhistory, in which the chosen people of Abraham will be able to participateas the only nation from the beginning until the definite its completion, withonly a short break discontinued, however, by conversion and return to GodYahweh – the Father of Jesus.

scholarly journals Sejarah Penafsiran Ajaran Paulus Mengenai Pembenaran Oleh Iman

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-175
Author(s):  
Warseto Freddy Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
Justification By Faith ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
Wrath Of God ◽  
The Church

AbstractNo one can be justified before God for doing good deeds. No matter how good a man is, if he does not believe in Jesus Christ, the Son of God, he will not be saved from the wrath of God to come. There is no human being who is right before God, and no sinful man can save himself in any way. The only way out is in the way that God has given to the problem of all sinners, by sending Jesus Christ to the world to die for sinners. "And for this he came, so that every man believed in him, who was sent by God" (John 6:29). The Bible teaches that salvation is only obtained because of faith in Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ is the object of that faith. This salvation is known as the statement "Justified by faith. Paul explained this teaching in each of his writings. This teaching of justification by faith has been repeatedly denied by some people who disagree with Paul's opinion. The history of the church from the early centuries to the present has proven the variety of understandings that have emerged from this teaching, but one important thing is that sinful humans are justified by their faith in Jesus Christ before God.Keywords: Paul;history; justified by faith.AbstrakTidak ada seorang pun yang dapat dibenarkan di hadapan Allah karena telah melakukan perbuatan baik. Sebaik apa pun manusia, jika dia tidak percaya kepada Yesus Kristus, Anak Allah maka ia tidak akan selamat dari murka Allah yang akan datang. Tidak ada seorang pun manusia yang benar di hadapan Allah, dan tidak ada seorang manusia berdosa yang dapat menyelematkan dirinya sendiri dengan cara apa pun. Satu-satunya jalan keluar adalah dengan cara yang Allah telah berikan untuk masalah semua orang berdosa, yaitu dengan mengutus Yesus Kristus ke dunia untuk mati bagi orang berdosa. “Dan untuk itulah Dia datang, yaitu supaya setiap orang percaya kepada Dia, yang telah diutus oleh Allah” (Yohanes 6:29). Alkitab mengajarkan bahwa keselamatan hanya diperoleh karena iman kepada Yesus Kristus. Yesus Kristus adalah obyek iman tersebut. Keselamatan ini dikenal dengan pernyataan “Dibenarkan karena iman. Paulus menjelaskan ajaran ini dalam setiap tulisannya. Ajaran pembenaran oleh iman ini telah berulang kali disangkal oleh beberap orang yang tidak setuju dengan pendapat Paulus. Sejarah gereja mulai dari abad permulaan sampai pada masa sekarang ini telah membuktikan beragamnya pemahaman yang muncul terhadap ajaran ini, namun satu hal yang terpenting adalah bahwa manusia berdosa dibenarkan oleh iman mereka kepada Yesus Kristus di hadapan Allah.Kata Kunci: Paulus; sejarah; iman; dibenarkan oleh iman.

“Begotten” and “Created”. The Synod of Ancyra (358 C.E.) on the Perfect Birth of the Son of God

Augustinianum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Samuel Fernández ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
Hilary Of Poitiers

The present article seeks to reconstruct the Christological meaning of the verbs “creating” and “begetting” in the Synodical letter of Ancyra (358). In order to assess the teaching of this document, the first part of the article provides an overview of the Christological use of “creating” and “begetting” from the beginning of the Arian crisis up to the eve of the synod of Ancyra. The second part studies the verbs “creating” and “begetting” in the Letter of Ancyra. The synodical document makes an original and significant theological effort, purifying and complementing both the notion of “creation” (Prv 8:22) and “generation” (Prv 8:25), in order to grasp the perfect notion of the eternal birth of the Son. This understanding is confirmed by Hilary of Poitiers.

The Holy Word: The History and Function of the Teachings of Jesus in the Theology and Praxis of the Early Church

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-599
Author(s):  
J. Arthur Baird
Keyword(s):  
Early Church ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
2 Peter ◽  
The Church

There is an abundance of evidence to support the thesis that the teachings of Jesus, what the early church called ‘The Holy Word’, functioned as the basis of Christian doctrine and practice from the beginning of the Christian era at least as far as Eusebius. The key to it all seems to have been the sanctity with which these teachings were regarded, treasured and used within the early church. They believed he was the Son of God, and they treated his words accordingly. As the author of 2 Peter summarized it: ‘Remember … the commandments of the Lord and Saviour through your apostles' (3. 2). Clement of Rome echoed the same message: ‘Let us walk in obedience to his hallowed words’ (Epistle 13. 3); and Papias characterized himself as one who ‘took delight in those who recall the commandments given to the faith by the lord’ (HE III, 39. 2–4). The church was the church of the Holy Word; and the NT is the written record of that word as it found expression in the life and thought of the church. So the history of the word, the history of the church and the history of the NT are one and the same history.

The Anti-Arian Campaigns of Hilary of Poitiers and the “Liber Contra Auxentium”

1992 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Early Christianity ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The West ◽  
De Trinitate ◽  
Hilary Of Poitiers ◽  
Constantius Ii

Few historians of early Christianity would dissent from the view that Hilary of Poitiers was the west's most able and articulate anti-Arian apologist of the 360s. In the course of this bishop's exile in Asia Minor (356–360) and return to the west, there is evidence of a substantial literary activity, most of which was circulated soon after his death and survives to the present day. Works such as his letters to the emperor Constantius II, expecially the so-called In Constantium, his collected dossier against Valens and Ursacius, and his theological treatises De synodis and De trinitate, attained for this once obscure bishop from Gaul a position of preeminence in the minds of the next generation of anti-Arians.

scholarly journals St. Hilary Of Poitiers On The Christocentrism Of The Spiritual Interpretation Of The Holy Scriptures

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-238
Author(s):  
Emil Stanula
Keyword(s):  
Biblical Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
In Christ ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
Hilary Of Poitiers ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Nature

Two general remarks arise from the synthetic interpretation of the biblical christocentrismpresented by Saint Hilary. e first concerns the subject of theologicalstudy and biblical studies. e above-mentioned presentation of the argumentsof Hilary implies that the mystery of Christ manifesting itself in history, of whichhe is the creator and interpreter at the same time, constitutes the essence of theologyand exegesis. e biblical senses, considered as the result of biblical andtheological research and study, in this approach are nothing but different aspectsof incomprehensible mystery of Christ. Because the mystery of Christ is revealedin history and is history itself, therefore the theological and exegetical studyis of a historical nature at least in the sense that this mystery can be recognizedby applying the aspect-oriented method by comparing what is contained in theScriptures with what people are currently experiencing in a particular episodeof history, because the creator of the latter is Christ. One could say that it seemsto follow from the last statement, that for Saint Hilary, there are no rigid formsof dogmas established once and for all but one: the incomprehensible mysteryof Christ. Although always and everywhere studied, it will never be understoodand expressed in words. In the act of studying it, a person constantly extractsnew aspects from it. It is the task of the exegete and theologian to update it,to make the faithful acquainted with the complexity of its message. If ordinarybelievers do this even at liturgical meetings, then, according to Hilary, eventhough they have not completed specialist theological and biblical studies, theycan read and interpret the holy text fruitfully.e second remark indicates the conditions sine qua non of the existenceand operation of the theologian, exegete, no matter if he is a specialistor an ordinary faithful. ese conditions are faith in Christ and perservancein participation in the Christological reality of the Church and the communityof the faithful. e above claim does not undermine the value of biblical andtheological studies – as understood by us in terms of erudite knowledge. Scholarlybiblical commentaries and the theological and historical writings of Saint Hilary can be regarded as the denial of such a conclusion. e Bishop of Poitiers,by encouraging his readers – by his own example – to intellectual and moralpreparation for the study of the Scriptures, also emphasizes the pointlessnessof practicing exegesis and theology if it is not accompanied by faith in Christ,in isolation from tradition, the continuity of history, finally in isolation fromthe community of the members of Church.

scholarly journals Provide History Of Religion And God

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Ginex
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
The Public ◽  
College And University ◽  
Spiritual Nature ◽  
History Of

There is a need for high school, college, and university educators to introduce their students to a history of mankinds development of religions and beliefs in God. Regarded as too sensitive a subject, students are deprived of learning how mankind has evolved ways to establish moral and righteous behavior to maintain harmony among competing groups within a growing community. Based upon facts and findings surfaced by such respected Egyptologists as James H. Breasted and E.A. Wallis Budge, this author conclusively reveals how the first formal religion of Egypt has been emulated by the Judaic, Christian, and Islamic religions. Historical findings provide meaningful evidence of the spiritual nature of man, the emergence of one God Amen, the development of the concepts of truth, a soul, hereafter, Son of God, and a universal God. These findings afford greater insights in the fields of theology, humanities, psychology, and sociology studies. More importantly, a greater understanding of the nature of man can energize religious leaders and the public to effect possible solutions with the assistance of those with perceptive minds and love of humanity.

Witnesses for the Persecution

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-368
Author(s):  
Richard Flower
Keyword(s):  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Hilary Of Poitiers ◽  
Constantius Ii ◽  
Italian Community

During the reign of Constantius II (337–361), a number of Christian bishops were exiled from their sees, reportedly for their opposition to the emperor's “Homoian” theological position. Several of them (Athanasius of Alexandria, Hilary of Poitiers, Lucifer of Cagliari, Eusebius of Vercelli) responded to their institutional insecurity and geographical isolation by writing accounts of their experiences in a range of textual forms: letters to individuals or groups, historical narratives with quoted documents, or formal invectives. This article explores the variety of ways in which these examples of exilic literature construct different forms of communities in order to weave supportive narratives around the authors and their allies: Hilary and Lucifer emphasized their possession of parrhesia both within and through their texts; Athanasius constructed a network of opposition to heresy with himself as its focus; Eusebius presented himself as the lynchpin of a north Italian community which he could still lead from exile in Palestine. Through inscribing particular roles onto both their readers and other figures discussed within the texts, these exiled authors sought to foster their own reputations as leaders of these communities and arbiters of membership, thereby bolstering their positions at a time when their authority was under serious threat.

Some Problems in John Milton's Theological Vocabulary

1964 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-365
Author(s):  
William B. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

Throughout the history of western Christianity, a major stumbling block has been agreement upon the definition of certain terms. Milton and his critics have shared in the difficulty of communication which lack of a common terminology has caused. Nowhere is this more evident than in his discussion of the Son of God in the Christian Doctrine, where his employment of “substance,” “subsistence,” “essence,” and “hypostasis” has confused students who were attempting to understand the complex meanings which lie back of these words. Milton has often not followed the interpretations of these words usually held in Christianity; rather, he has adopted meanings which were very early associated with them but which lost currency centuries ago, even though they have never been completely forgotten.

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