scholarly journals Knock‐on community impacts of a novel vector: spillover of emerging DWV‐B from Varroa ‐infested honeybees to wild bumblebees

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Manley ◽  
Ben Temperton ◽  
Toby Doyle ◽  
Daisy Gates ◽  
Sophie Hedges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Impacts

Farm Community Impacts of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in Cattle and Buffaloes in Karnataka State, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Govindaraj ◽  
B. Ganeshkumar ◽  
K. R. Nethrayini ◽  
R. Shalini ◽  
V. Balamurugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Community Impacts ◽  
Farm Community

scholarly journals Unethical practices within medical research and publication – An exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Sivasubramaniam ◽  
M. Cosentino ◽  
L. Ribeiro ◽  
F. Marino
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Unethical Practices ◽  
Institutional Expectations ◽  
Community Impacts ◽  
Publishing Ethics ◽  
Research Councils ◽  
Negative Controls

AbstractThe data produced by the scientific community impacts on academia, clinicians, and the general public; therefore, the scientific community and other regulatory bodies have been focussing on ethical codes of conduct. Despite the measures taken by several research councils, unethical research, publishing and/or reviewing behaviours still take place. This exploratory study considers some of the current unethical practices and the reasons behind them and explores the ways to discourage these within research and other professional disciplinary bodies. These interviews/discussions with PhD students, technicians, and academics/principal investigators (PIs) (N=110) were conducted mostly in European higher education institutions including UK, Italy, Ireland, Portugal, Czech Republic and Netherlands.Through collegiate discussions, sharing experiences and by examining previously published/reported information, authors have identified several less reported behaviours. Some of these practices are mainly influenced either by the undue institutional expectations of research esteem or by changes in the journal review process. These malpractices can be divided in two categories relating to (a) methodological malpractices including data management, and (b) those that contravene publishing ethics. The former is mostly related to “committed bias”, by which the author selectively uses the data to suit their own hypothesis, methodological malpractice relates to selection of out-dated protocols that are not suited to the intended work. Although these are usually unintentional, incidences of intentional manipulations have been reported to authors of this study. For example, carrying out investigations without positive (or negative) controls; but including these from a previous study. Other methodological malpractices include unfair repetitions to gain statistical significance, or retrospective ethical approvals. In contrast, the publication related malpractices such as authorship malpractices, ethical clearance irregularities have also been reported. The findings also suggest a globalised approach with clear punitive measures for offenders is needed to tackle this problem.

Moral Intensity, Perceived Impacts, and Task Motivation: Evidence From Volunteers

2021 ◽  
pp. 000765032110530
Author(s):  
Akwasi Opoku-Dakwa
Keyword(s):  
Design Theory ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Moral Intensity ◽  
Work Design ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Task Motivation ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Community Impacts ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
And Task

Although work tasks often address substantive social issues, the effects of issue characteristics on task motivation are little understood. This study explores this topic by examining how the moral characteristics of an issue (moral intensity) affect motivation in tasks intended to address the issue (task motivation). Adopting the lens of work design theory, I hypothesize that moral intensity increases task motivation through the mediation of perceived task impacts on the community (perceived community impacts), and that this effect will occur after controlling for the effects of perceived task impact on the worker and their organization. In two studies in the context of volunteering I find that, rather than acting in parallel with other task impacts, the effect of moral intensity through perceived community impacts is fully mediated by perceived organization and self impacts in a three-stage mediation. These findings demonstrate the potential relevance of issue characteristics such as moral intensity to work design theory and shed new light on the psychological mechanisms through which perceived prosocial impacts promote task motivation. I discuss implications for research and practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document