Relationship of negative symptom severity with cognitive symptoms and functioning in subjects at ultra‐high risk for psychosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alp Üçok ◽  
Nese Direk ◽  
Hatice Kaya ◽  
Nuran Çağlar ◽  
Uğur Çıkrıkçılı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Cognitive Symptoms ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Relationship Of

Discriminative Analysis of Symptom Severity and Ultra-High Risk of Schizophrenia Using Intrinsic Functional Connectivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (09) ◽  
pp. 2050047
Author(s):  
Lubin Wang ◽  
Xianbin Li ◽  
Yuyang Zhu ◽  
Bei Lin ◽  
Qijing Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Intrinsic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Ultra High Risk

Past studies have consistently shown functional dysconnectivity of large-scale brain networks in schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to further assess whether multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) could yield a sensitive predictor of patient symptoms, as well as identify ultra-high risk (UHR) stage of schizophrenia from intrinsic functional connectivity of whole-brain networks. We first combined rank-based feature selection and support vector machine methods to distinguish between 43 schizophrenia patients and 52 healthy controls. The constructed classifier was then applied to examine functional connectivity profiles of 18 UHR individuals. The classifier indicated reliable relationship between MVPA measures and symptom severity, with higher classification accuracy in more severely affected schizophrenia patients. The UHR subjects had classification scores falling between those of healthy controls and patients, suggesting an intermediate level of functional brain abnormalities. Moreover, UHR individuals with schizophrenia-like connectivity profiles at baseline presented higher rate of conversion to full-blown illness in the follow-up visits. Spatial maps of discriminative brain regions implicated increases of functional connectivity in the default mode network, whereas decreases of functional connectivity in the cerebellum, thalamus and visual areas in schizophrenia. The findings may have potential utility in the early diagnosis and intervention of schizophrenia.

Relationship between membrane fatty acids and cognitive symptoms and information processing in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 158 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Wan Kim ◽  
Miriam R. Schäfer ◽  
Claudia M. Klier ◽  
Michael Berk ◽  
Simon Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cognitive Symptoms ◽  
Membrane Fatty Acids ◽  
Ultra High Risk

Reduced willingness to expend effort for rewards is associated with risk for conversion and negative symptom severity in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gregory P. Strauss ◽  
Lisa A. Bartolomeo ◽  
Lauren Luther
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Risk Calculator ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Effort

Abstract Background Schizophrenia (SZ) is typically preceded by a prodromal (i.e. pre-illness) period characterized by attenuated positive symptoms and declining functional outcome. Negative symptoms are prominent among individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis (i.e. those with prodromal syndromes) and predictive of conversion to illness. Mechanisms underlying negative symptoms are unclear in the CHR population. Methods The current study evaluated whether CHR participants demonstrated deficits in the willingness to expend effort for rewards and whether these impairments are associated with negative symptoms and greater risk for conversion. Participants included 44 CHR participants and 32 healthy controls (CN) who completed the Effort Expenditure for Reward Task (EEfRT). Results Compared to CN, CHR participants displayed reduced likelihood of exerting high effort for high probability and magnitude rewards. Among CHR participants, reduced effort expenditure was associated with greater negative symptom severity and greater probability of conversion to a psychotic disorder on a cross-sectional risk calculator. Conclusions Findings suggest that effort-cost computation is a marker of illness liability and a transphasic mechanism underlying negative symptoms in the SZ spectrum.

scholarly journals O6.6. MULTIMODAL PROGNOSIS OF NEGATIVE SYMPTOM SEVERITY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH INCREASED RISK OF DEVELOPING PSYCHOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S15-S16
Author(s):  
Daniel Hauke ◽  
André Schmidt ◽  
Erich Studerus ◽  
Christina Andreou ◽  
Anita Riecher-Rössler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Sequential Testing ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Symptom Progression

Abstract Background Precise prognosis of clinical outcomes in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) of developing psychosis is imperative to guide treatment selection. While much effort has been put into the prediction of transition to psychosis in CHR individuals, prognostic models focusing on negative symptom progression in this population are widely missing. This is a major oversight bearing in mind that 82% of CHR individuals exhibit at least one negative symptom in the moderate to severe range at first clinical presentation, whereas 54% still meet this criteria after 12 months. Negative symptoms are strong predictors of poor functional outcome irrespective of other symptoms such as depression or anxiety. Prognostic tools are therefore urgently required to track negative symptom progression in CHR individuals in order to guide early personalized interventions. Here, we applied machine-learning to multi-site data from five European countries with the aim of predicting negative symptoms of at least moderate severity 9-month after study inclusion. Methods We analyzed data from the ‘Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management’ (PRONIA; www.pronia.eu) study, which consisted of 94 individuals at clinical high-risk of developing psychosis (CHR). Predictive models either included baseline level of negative symptoms, measured with the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes, whole-brain gyrification pattern, or both to forecast negative symptoms of moderate severity or above in CHR individuals. Using data from the clinical and gyrification model, further sequential testing simulations were conducted to stratify CHR individuals into different risk groups. Lastly, we assessed the models’ ability to predict functional outcomes in CHR individuals. Results Baseline negative symptom severity alone predicted moderate to severe negative symptoms with a balanced accuracy (BAC) of 68%, whereas predictive models trained on gyrification measures achieved a BAC of 64%. Stacking the two modalities allowed for an increased BAC of 72%. Additional sequential testing simulations suggested, that CHR patients could be stratified into a high risk group with 83% probability of experiencing at least moderate negative symptoms at follow-up and a medium/low risk group with a risk ranging from 25 to 38%, when using the two models sequentially. Furthermore, the models trained to predict negative symptom severity from baseline symptoms were less predictive of role (60% BAC) and social (62% BAC) functioning at follow-up. However, the model trained on gyrification data also predicted role (74% BAC) and social (73% BAC) functioning later on. The stacking model predicted role, and social functioning with 64% BAC and 66% BAC respectively. Discussion To the best of our knowledge this is the first study using state-of-the-art predictive modelling to prospectively identify CHR subjects with negative symptoms in the moderate to above moderate severity range who potentially require further therapeutic consideration. While the predictive performance will need to be validated in other samples and may be improved by expanding the models with additional predictors, we believe that this pragmatic approach will help to stratify individual risk profiles and optimize personal interventions in the future.

scholarly journals Deconstructing Negative Symptoms in Individuals at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis: Evidence for Volitional and Diminished Emotionality Subgroups That Predict Clinical Presentation and Functional Outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Gupta ◽  
Henry R Cowan ◽  
Gregory P Strauss ◽  
Elaine F Walker ◽  
Vijay A Mittal
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Symptom Dimension

Abstract Negative symptoms are characteristic of schizophrenia and closely linked to numerous outcomes. A body of work has sought to identify homogenous negative symptom subgroups—a strategy that can promote mechanistic understanding and precision medicine. However, our knowledge of negative symptom subgroups among individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis is limited. Here, we investigated distinct negative symptom profiles in a large CHR sample (N = 244) using a cluster analysis approach. Subgroups were compared on external validators that are (1) commonly observed in the schizophrenia literature and/or (2) may be particularly relevant for CHR individuals, informing early prevention and prediction. We observed 4 distinct negative symptom subgroups, including individuals with (1) lower symptom severity, (2) deficits in emotion, (3) impairments in volition, and (4) global elevations. Analyses of external validators suggested a pattern in which individuals with global impairments and volitional deficits exhibited more clinical pathology. Furthermore, the Volition group endorsed more disorganized, anxious, and depressive symptoms and impairments in functioning compared to the Emotion group. These data suggest there are unique negative symptom profiles in CHR individuals, converging with studies in schizophrenia indicating motivational deficits may be central to this symptom dimension. Furthermore, observed differences in CHR relevant external validators may help to inform early identification and treatment efforts.

Relationship of Cognitive Functioning, Adaptive Life Skills, and Negative Symptom Severity in Poor-Outcome Geriatric Schizophrenia Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan R. McGurk ◽  
Patrick J. Moriarty ◽  
Philip D. Harvey ◽  
Michael Parrella ◽  
Leonard White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Cerebellar networks in individuals at ultra high-risk of psychosis: Impact on postural sway and symptom severity

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 4064-4078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Bernard ◽  
Derek J. Dean ◽  
Jerillyn S. Kent ◽  
Joseph M. Orr ◽  
Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Ultra High Risk
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document