Chris Gilleard, Old age in nineteenth-century Ireland: ageing under the Union (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. Pp. xxvi+114. 3 figs. 13 tabs. ISBN 9781137585400 Hbk. £37.99)

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 674-675
Author(s):  
Tom Heritage
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Old Age

“Until the Day of His Death”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (139) ◽  
pp. 52-74
Author(s):  
Henrique Espada Lima
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Human Aging ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Contractual Arrangements ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Slave Society ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article examines postmortem inventories and notarial records from Brazilian slaveholders in southern Brazil in the nineteenth century. By discussing selected cases in detail, it investigates the relationship between “precarious masters” (especially the poor and/or disabled, widows without family, and single elderly slaveholding women and men) and their slaves and former slaves to whom they bequeathed, in their testaments and final wills, manumission and property. The article reads these documents as intergenerational contractual arrangements that connected the masters’ expectations for care in illness and old age with the slaves’ and former slaves’ expectations for compensation for their work and dedication. Following these uneven relationships of interdependence and exploitation as they developed over time, the article suggests a reassessment of the role of paternalism in Brazil during the country’s final century of slavery. More than a tool to enforce relations of domination, paternalism articulated with the dynamics of vulnerability and interdependency as they changed over the life courses of both enslaved people and slave owners. This article shows how human aging became a terrain of negotiation and struggle as Brazilian slave society transformed throughout the nineteenth century.

Catherine's Retinue: Old Age, Fashion, and Historicism in the Nineteenth Century

Slavic Review ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-803
Author(s):  
Luba Golburt
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Old Age ◽  
The Body ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Legacy ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
Queen Of Spades

Beside her political and cultural legacy, Catherine II bequeathed to the nineteenth century a certain striking image of the body and spirit of the eighteenth: an aging aristocratic lady, inflexible in her behavioral routines and visibly unaware of historical change. This image was codified by Aleksandr Pushkin in The Queen of Spades and, much later, satirized by Ivan Turgenev in several of his novels. Highlighting the recurrence of these copies of Catherine the Great in nineteenth-century Russian prose, Luba Golburt interprets the narrative and historical implications of fashion and aging in this period that was fascinated with historical knowledge and imagination. The persistence of the past embodied by these figures posed a challenge to the otherwise widely embraced Hegelian notions of progress, underscoring the repetitive and ritualistic rhythms of historical experience. These figures also extended the realist narrative's historical scope and made possible a range of polyphonous temporal structures.

scholarly journals The Attitudes of Friendly Societies towards the Movement in Great Britain for State Pensions, 1878—1908

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Treble
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Social History ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Old Age ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Friendly Societies ◽  
The Individual

The last three decades of the nineteenth century were marked in British social history by a vigorous and far-reaching debate about the causes and incidence of poverty amongst the elderly. By the early 1890s this controversy had produced a sharp cleavage of opinion between those commentators who held that old-age pauperism was largely a product of character defects and those who attributed it to certain social and economic ills which the individual, acting alone, could never hope to remedy. Social thinkers who subscribed to this latter view – the loosely labelled collectivist school of thought – were not content, however, merely with the work of analysis; they were equally anxious to find a panacea for one of the main social problems of the day. In the end the solution they most widely canvassed was the introduction of an old age pensions scheme in which the state would have a vital rle to play. But perhaps of more significance for the development of social services in Great Britain, three of the leading advocates of state intervention endeavoured, in their own distinctive styles, to translate this general declaration of intent into detailed programmes of action.

The Atomic Theory of Society

1930 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-637
Author(s):  
William Orton
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
The State ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Atomic Theory ◽  
The Public ◽  
House Of Lords

In few affairs is political wisdom so put to the test as in the treatment of institutions that are growing old. Age in these cases has little to do with mere antiquity: the forms of social life are subject to no set term of years. It is a matter of continuing adaptability. Some institutions, like the British monarchy, possess this attribute in an astounding degree. Others, like the House of Lords, betray a hardening of the arteries that bodes ill for their survival in times of rapid change. For the speed of social change affects not only their physical and conceptual environment; it acts also upon, and through, the temper of the politicians and the public. In such periods society will sometimes administer a sudden coup de grâce to its more recalcitrant institutions, abolishing at one stroke both the abuses they have inflicted and the garnered wisdom they enshrine. The loss involved in these moments is seldom evident until long after, when it has to be made good ab ovo.To such moods the Gallic genius is peculiarly liable; and it was in one of them that the French crashed open the gates of the nineteenth century and nailed the atomic theory of society to the lintel. “There are no longer any guilds in the state, but only the private interest of each individual and the general interest. No one may arouse in the citizens any intermediate interest, or separate them from the public weal by corporate sentiment.”

scholarly journals Proměna literární reprezentace stáří skrze postavu staré ženy v povídkové tvorbě autorů 80. a 90. let 19. století

2017 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 499-510
Author(s):  
Jana Vrajová
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Vertical Stratification ◽  
Literary Representation ◽  
Specific Position ◽  
Literary Movements

Forms of literary representation of age through changes in characters of old women in Czech short stories of 80s and 90s of the 19th centuryThe study deals with different representations of the character of old women in Czech literature of the second half of the nineteenth century. It focuses mainly on three short stories which show exceptof the literary image of old age also the proof of the vertical stratification of Czech literature of the end of the nineteenth century. The study also shows the literary controversy related to literary movements and intertextual relations. The latest short story which the study refers to is called Babiččin pohřeb and was written by Rudolf Karel Zahrádka. It has a specific position in the context of thinking about the use of motifs associated with old age: not only could it be characterized as a subversive text due to the intertextual passages referring to Babička by Božena Němcová, but it can be also identified as a proof of the penetration of the modernistic tendency in Czech literature.Obrazy literackich reprezentacji starości na podstawie postaci starej kobiety w opowiadaniach autorów z lat 80. i 90. XIX wiekuArtykuł dotyczy sposobu reprezentacji postaci starej kobiety w literaturze czeskiej drugiej połowy XIX wieku. Autorka skupia swoją uwagę zwłaszcza na opowiadaniach, które, oprócz literackiego obrazu starości, są również wertykalną stratyfikacją czeskiej literatury końca XIX wieku, jej wewnętrznych dyskursywnych polemik i związków intertekstualnych. Jako najbardziej interesujące jawi się opowiadanie Rudolfa Karla Zahálki Babiččin pohřeb, które można, biorąc pod uwagę związki intertekstualne, oznaczyć za tekst subwersyjny i pokazać na jego podstawie przenikanie do literatury czeskiej tendencji naturalistycznych.

scholarly journals Moral Hazard in a Mutual Health Insurance System: German Knappschaften, 1867–1914

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy W. Guinnane ◽  
Jochen Streb
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Accident Insurance ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
System Today ◽  
Sick Pay

TheKnappschaftwas a mutual association through which German miners insured themselves against accident, illness, and old age. TheKnappschaftunderlies Bismarck's sickness and accident insurance legislation, and thus Germany's system today. This article focuses on moral hazard, which plagued theKnappschaftenin the later nineteenth century. Sick pay made it attractive for miners to feign illness that made them unable to work. We outline the moral hazard problem theKnappschaftenfaced as well as the mechanisms they devised to control it, and then use econometric models to demonstrate that those mechanisms were at best imperfect.

The Music Behind the Mask: Rossini’s Uncanny Salon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-114
Author(s):  
Simon Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Old Age ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Nineteenth Century France ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
A Site ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Shed Light

Despite receiving scant attention from scholars and performers, Rossini’s Péchés de vieillesse (Sins of Old Age), written between 1857 and 1868 for his private salon, have a unique and expressive stylistic language. In these works, the composer gives musical voice to the uncanny discourses that emerged around the idea of his “creative death.” This paper establishes how Rossini’s return to composition functioned as a musical “exhumation,” with his compositional activities functioning as a site for broader discourses about disease, aging, and death in nineteenth-century France. Close readings of visual depictions of Rossini by Eugène Delacroix and Antoine Etex shed light on changing attitudes toward the composer, which coincided with broader aesthetic shifts taking place at the time. The tensions engendered by Rossini’s precarious status as both living and dead, and his nostalgic relationship to the past, constitute a kind of doubleness that can be heard in his late compositions. Bringing together cultural history and musical analysis, I show that the privacy of Rossini’s salon gave rise to music with unique signifying potential that has not yet been duly acknowledged.

scholarly journals From Pauperism to Social Policy

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl H. Metz
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Existence ◽  
Political Cultures ◽  
Generalized Framework ◽  
History Of

SummaryThe first part of this paper establishes the outlines of social policy in the course of the nineteenth century using Great Britain, Germany and France as examples, with particular emphasis on the differences arising from the varying political cultures of these countries. In the second part the paper attempts to establish comparisons for a generalized framework, also covering developments into the twentieth century. ‘Social policy’ in this instance means all state measures to safeguard the physical and social existence of employed workers on the basis of a criterion of fairness which is derived from their citizenship, it is political in other words. Safety ar work is as much a part of this as protection during illness, old age or unemployment. This study as a whole sets out to achieve some standardizations which will be useful in the analysis of the history of social policy and may also be helpful in the discussion of current socio-political problems.

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