Interguild interactions between a non‐native phloem feeder and a native outbreaking defoliator

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-708
Author(s):  
Mallory MacDonnell ◽  
Sara Edwards ◽  
Stephen B. Heard ◽  
Deepa S. Pureswaran ◽  
Robert C. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Phloem Feeder

scholarly journals SilencingOsHI-LOXmakes rice more susceptible to chewing herbivores, but enhances resistance to a phloem feeder

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxin Zhou ◽  
Jinfeng Qi ◽  
Nan Ren ◽  
Jiaan Cheng ◽  
Matthias Erb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phloem Feeder

Diuraphis noxia (Russian wheat aphid).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Nematollahi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Diuraphis Noxia ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Phloem Sap ◽  
Foliar Tissue ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Phloem Feeder

Abstract D. noxia has a great economic impact on cereal crops (Brooks et al., 1994). It is a phloem feeder like other aphids and the symptoms evident on plants are a result of this feeding mechanism. By feeding on the phloem, the aphid damages the plants through nutrient drainage (Dixon, 1985) which results in chlorosis, necrosis, wilting, stunting, and curling of the leaves, misshapen or nonappearance of new growth, and localised cell death at the site of aphid feeding. D. noxia further elicits an increase in essential amino acids in the phloem sap by triggering the breakdown of proteins in infested wheat leaves (Burd and Burton, 1992; du Toit, 1986; Ma et al., 1998; Miller et al., 2001). The damage to the foliar tissue is thought to play a role in the pest's ability to increase nutritional quality of the host plant (Botha et al., 2006).

scholarly journals Footprints and Ootheca of Lycorma delicatula Influence Host-Searching and -Acceptance of the Egg-Parasitoid Anastatus orientalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1270-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Malek ◽  
Joe M Kaser ◽  
Hannah J Broadley ◽  
Juli Gould ◽  
Marco Ciolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Lycorma Delicatula ◽  
Phloem Feeder ◽  
Berks County ◽  
Arrestment Response

Abstract The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula White (1845) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), is an invasive insect that was first reported in North America in Berks County, Pennsylvania, in 2014. It is a polyphagous phloem feeder that attacks over 70 plant species, threatening the agricultural, lumber, and ornamental industries of North America. Infestations of the pest have been reported in several U.S. counties, and a lack of endemic predators and parasitoids feeding on L. delicatula suggests a release from natural enemies in the invaded range. An egg-parasitoid Anastatus orientalis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) was reported attacking L. delicatula at high rates in its native range and may play a key role in reducing its populations there. To better understand the foraging behavior of A. orientalis, a series of behavioral experiments were conducted to determine successful parasitism and behavioral responses to traces left by adult L. delicatula and to the oothecae which cover their eggs. Our results suggest that wasps detected chemical traces left by L. delicatula adults while walking on surfaces and exhibited a strong arrestment response. Moreover, wasps preferred to oviposit in egg masses with intact oothecae. The implications of these findings are herein discussed with regard to the exploitation of host kairomones by foraging wasps, as well as to its ability to overcome host structural defenses.

scholarly journals Silicon amendment is involved in the induction of plant defense responses to a phloem feeder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lang Yang ◽  
Yongqiang Han ◽  
Pei Li ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Shahbaz Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Phloem Feeder

scholarly journals Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Can Complete Development and Reproduce Without Access to the Preferred Host, Ailanthus altissima

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1185-1190
Author(s):  
Osariyekemwen Uyi ◽  
Joseph A Keller ◽  
Anne Johnson ◽  
David Long ◽  
Brian Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ailanthus Altissima ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Species Association ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Lycorma Delicatula ◽  
Marked Preference ◽  
Host Tree Species ◽  
Phloem Feeder ◽  
Salix Babylonica

Abstract Despite its broad host range, the spotted lanternfly Lycorma delicatula (White), is known to have a marked preference for Ailanthus altissima. However, whether this polyphagous phloem feeder can complete its life cycle in the absence of A. altissima is unknown. We examined the performance of L. delicatula with and without access to A. altissima by tracking development, survival, host tree species association, and oviposition in large enclosures planted with Salix babylonica and Acer saccharinum along with either A. altissima or Betula nigra. We monitored enclosures from late May 2019 through June 2020. Lycorma delicatula survival was slightly higher in enclosures with A. altissima and 50% of individuals in A. altissima enclosures reached the adult stage ~6.5 d earlier than in enclosures without A. altissima. In the presence of A. altissima, nymphs were most frequently observed on this host while adults were found at similar frequencies on A. altissima and A. saccharinum. In the absence of A. altissima, nymphs were most frequently associated with S. babylonica and A. saccharinum, while adults were most often found on A. saccharinum. Females laid a total of 46 and 6 egg masses in enclosures with and without A. altissima, respectively, before freezing temperatures killed the remaining adults. The proportion of eggs that hatched per egg mass did not differ between treatments. Although L. delicatula can complete development and reproduce on other host species without access to A. altissima, fitness was reduced. These findings have implications for management that relies exclusively on treatment of A. altissima.

scholarly journals Real time EPG recordings of tomatopotato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) feeding on tomato

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 294-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.R.M. Sandanayaka ◽  
N.E.M. Page-Weir ◽  
A. Fereres
Keyword(s):  
Total Duration ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graph ◽  
Voltage Level ◽  
Phloem Sap ◽  
System Technique ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Sieve Tubes ◽  
Phloem Feeder ◽  
First Contact

The stylet penetration behaviour of tomatopotato psyllid (TPP; Bactericera cockerelli Hemiptera Psyllidae) a phloem feeder was monitored using an electrical penetration graph (EPGDC system) technique Fifteen adult psyllids were randomly selected from a colony and monitored for 8 h on tomato plants under laboratory conditions EPG waveforms generated during stylet penetration into the plant tissues were categorised based on amplitude frequency voltage level and electrical origin The main waveforms representing salivary sheath secretion and other stylet pathway activities (C) first contact with phloem (D) salivation in phloem sieve tubes (E1) and phloem sap ingestion (E2) were similar to the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri and this was confirmed by histological studies Phloem ingestion was seen from 12 out of 15 psyllids tested The time to first contact of phloem from the beginning of recording was 1163 h and the total duration of phloem ingestion recorded was from 1 min to 52 h within the 8 h recording period The information gathered on the feeding behaviour of TPP from this study will be applicable for future studies to understand the transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum by TPP as well as other Liberibacter and TPP management studies

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