High densities of leaf-tiers in open habitats are explained by host plant architecture

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELENA L. ZVEREVA ◽  
VITALI ZVEREV ◽  
MIKHAIL V. KOZLOV
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Host Plant Architecture

Effects of host plant architecture on colonization by galling insects

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA PAULA ALBANO ARAUJO ◽  
JOANA D'ARC DE PAULA ◽  
MARCO ANTONIO ALVES CARNEIRO ◽  
JOSE HENRIQUE SCHOEREDER
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Galling Insects ◽  
Host Plant Architecture

scholarly journals Relationships between host plant architecture and gall abundance and survival

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela P. Lara ◽  
Lázaro A. Oliveira ◽  
Islaine F. P. Azevedo ◽  
Márcia F. Xavier ◽  
Fernando A. O. Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Host Plant Architecture

scholarly journals Effects of host plant characteristics on spray deposition

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
S.F. Gous ◽  
B. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Host Plant Effect ◽  
Plant Effect ◽  
Large Host ◽  
Host Plant Architecture

Previous studies have shown that the effect of Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki (Btk) on painted apple moth (PAM; Teia anartoides Walker) efficacy varies significantly depending on the host plant species This study tested the hypothesis that host plant architecture influenced deposition of aerially applied Btk and its consequent efficacy against PAM Laboratory experiments demonstrated that the architecture of six host plants had a significant influence on Btk dose per unit leaf area and dose per unit leaf weight However the large host plant effect on PAM mortality from Btk could not be explained in terms of variation in the amount of spray intercepted

Downregulation of transcription factor aflR in Aspergillus flavus confers reduction to aflatoxin accumulation in transgenic maize with alteration of host plant architecture

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1379-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Okoyo Masanga ◽  
Jonathan Mutie Matheka ◽  
Rasha Adam Omer ◽  
Sheila Cecily Ommeh ◽  
Ethel Oranga Monda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Aflatoxin Accumulation ◽  
Host Plant Architecture

The Incidence and Relative Abundance of Amorbus obscuricornis and Gelonus tasmanicus (Hemiptera : Coreidae) in Southern Tasmania and Their Performance on Selected Eucalyptus Species

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Steinbauer
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Secondary Chemistry ◽  
Species Preference ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Sclerophyll Forest ◽  
First Time ◽  
Forest Habitats

Comprehensive records of the host-plant associations of Amorbus obscuricornis (Westwood) and Gelonus tasmanicus (Le Guillou), undertaken over three years at field sites in southern Tasmania, are presented for the first time. Also presented are the results of performance experiments conducted predominantly with native Tasmanian Eucalyptus species. Both insect species were found to be oligophagous for Eucalyptus. However, A. obscuricornis was found to feed more widely than G. tasmanicus; that is, the former species fed upon eucalypts belonging to the ash, gum and peppermint groups whilst the latter was confined to the ash and gum species of Eucalyptus in Tasmania. On the basis of collection records, A. obscuricornis was found to be abundant in both wet and dry sclerophyll forest habitats whilst G. tasmanicus was more abundant in wet sclerophyll forests. The wider degree of oligophagy exhibited by A. obscuricornis than by G. tasmanicus is suggested as being related to this species’ preference for floristically diverse habitats, for example dry sclerophyll forest. In addition, inter- and intraspecific host selection in the exclusively shoot- feeding A. obscuricornis was found to be positively influenced by the architecture, in particular the coppicing phenology, of hosts. The significance of factors such as plant architecture, resource abundance and nutritional quality to the host-plant associations of both species are discussed in relation to secondary chemistry and habitat preferences.

scholarly journals Strigolactones as mediators between fungi and plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Kowalczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

A constantly changing environment is challenging for all organisms on Earth, especially for terrestrial plants, which face several environmental stresses despite their static way of life. In attempts to understand the mechanisms responsible for plant growth and development, scientists have recently focused on a small group of carotenoid derivatives called “strigolactones” (SLs), which are synthesized mostly in the roots in response to a variety of external factors. Strigolactones are compounds that define plant plasticity towards many environmental factors, including the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis under nutrient-deficient conditions. As exogenous signals, they can stimulate the branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) hyphae and as endogenous signals they adjust a plant architecture, including changes within the roots, allowing host plant and fungi to meet. SLs can also function as signaling molecules that allow colonization and establishment of the later stages of mutualistic symbioses between organisms such as AMF. SLs act on AMF metabolism by stimulating its mitochondrial respiration. Genes encoding enzymes crucial for SL biosynthesis – <em>CCD7</em> and <em>CCD8</em> – are also found in gymnosperm genomes, which encourages speculation that strigolactones may also be part of a host-plant and ectomycorrhizal fungi signaling pathway during the establishment of symbiosis. Nevertheless, SLs impact on ectomycorrhiza formation remain unknown. The broad spectrum of SL bioactivity has made these compounds valuable from an industrial perspective. In the future, SLs may be commercialized in plant protection products, biostimulants, or as substances used in genetic engineering to allow the creation of crops capable of growing under disadvantageous conditions.

The incidence and relative abundance of Amorbus obscuricornis and Gelonus tasmanicus (Hemiptera : Coreidae) in southern Tasmania and their performance on selected Eucalyptus species

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
M. J. Steinbauer
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Secondary Chemistry ◽  
Species Preference ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Sclerophyll Forest ◽  
First Time ◽  
Forest Habitats

Comprehensive records of the host-plant associations of Amorbus obscuricornis (Westwood) and Gelonus tasmanicus (Le Guillou), undertaken over three years at field sites in southern Tasmania, are presented for the first time. Also presented are the results of performance experiments conducted predominantly with native Tasmanian Eucalyptus species. Both insect species were found to be oligophagous for Eucalyptus. However, A. obscuricornis was found to feed more widely than G. tasmanicus; that is, the former species fed upon eucalypts belonging to the ash, gum and peppermint groups whilst the latter was confined to the ash and gum species of Eucalyptus in Tasmania. On the basis of collection records, A. obscuricornis was found to be abundant in both wet and dry sclerophyll forest habitats whilst G. tasmanicus was more abundant in wet sclerophyll forests. The wider degree of oligophagy exhibited by A. obscuricornis than by G. tasmanicus is suggested as being related to this species’ preference for floristically diverse habitats, for example dry sclerophyll forest. In addition, inter- and intraspecific host selection in the exclusively shoot- feeding A. obscuricornis was found to be positively influenced by the architecture, in particular the coppicing phenology, of hosts. The significance of factors such as plant architecture, resource abundance and nutritional quality to the host-plant associations of both species are discussed in relation to secondary chemistry and habitat preferences.

scholarly journals Diversity of gall-inducing insect associated with a superhost plant species: Plant architecture, resource availability and interspecific interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcilio Fagundes ◽  
ÉLLEN MARIANE SANTOS Santos ◽  
Karen Duarte ◽  
Larisa Santos ◽  
Jaqueline Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Herbivorous Insect ◽  
Insect Communities

Abstract. Fagundes M, Santos EML, Duarte KLR, Santos LM, Vieira JS, Oliveira CHD, Silva PS. 2020. Diversity of gall-inducing insect associated with a superhost plant species: Plant architecture, resource availability and interspecific interactions. Biodiversitas 21: 1182-1189. The role of interspecific competition in the organization of herbivorous insect communities may vary depending on resource availability. Trees are structurally more complex and have greater resource availability for herbivorous insects than shrubs. In this study, we evaluated the roles of plant architecture and interspecific interactions on community organization of the gall-inducing insect associated with trees (adult plants) and shrubs (young plants) of Copaifera langsdorffii. Our results showed that the species composition of gall-inducing insect communities associated with C. langsdorffii differed statistically between trees and shrubs. In addition, the trees presented greater diversity of gall-inducing insects than the shrubs, corroborating the hypothesis of plant architecture. The results of the analysis of null models showed that the co-occurrence of gall-inducing insect species associated with trees not differ from the co-occurrence predicted by chance. Thus, interspecific interactions cannot be used to explain the community organization of the gall-inducing insects on C. langsdorffii trees. On the other hand, the co-occurrence of gall-inducing insect species differed from the co-occurrence predicted by chance when shrubs plants were analyzed, indicating that biotic interactions can shape the structure of the gall-inducing insect community on shrubs. The lower availability of oviposition sites probably generates a dispute for these resources among females of different species of gall-inducing insects only in the shrubs. Therefore, the role of competition in the organization of herbivore insect communities on their host plant may vary depending on the ontogenetic stage of the host plant.

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