scholarly journals Dogfish glucagon analogues counter hyperglycaemia and enhance both insulin secretion and action in diet-induced obese diabetic mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1013-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. M. O'Harte ◽  
M. T. Ng ◽  
A. M. Lynch ◽  
J. M. Conlon ◽  
P. R. Flatt
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Diabetic Mice

Treatment of Hyperglycemia with Empagliflozin, With or Without Metformin, Improves Islet Endothelial Cell Health and Insulin Secretion in db/db Diabetic Mice

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1815-P
Author(s):  
MEGHAN F. HOGAN ◽  
DARYL J. HACKNEY ◽  
ALFRED APLIN ◽  
THOMAS O. MUNDINGER ◽  
SAKENEH ZRAIKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Diabetic Mice

Islet protective and insulin secretion property of Murraya koenigii and Ocimum tenuflorum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menakshi Bhat Dusane ◽  
Bimba N. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

The present study investigates the antidiabetogenic effects of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spr. and Ocimum tenuflorum  L. on streptozotocin-induced diabetic Swiss mice. Treatment with extracts of M. koenigii (chloroform; MKC) and O. tenuflorum (aqueous; OTA) resulted in proper glucose utilization with an increase in liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity, and normal glycogenesis in hepatic and muscle tissues. Pancreatic and intestinal glucosidase inhibitory activity observed with MKC and OTA treatment indicated beneficial effects in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia with concomitant improvement in glucose metabolism. The glucosidase inhibition was prolonged, even after discontinuation of MKC and OTA treatment. Normalization of plasma insulin and C-peptide levels was observed in diabetic mice, indicating endogenous insulin secretion after treatment. The histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of pancreatic islets suggests the role of MKC and OTA in pancreatic β-cell protection and the functional pancreatic islets that produce insulin. The study demonstrates the significance of MKC and OTA in glucosidase inhibition and islet protection in the murine diabetic model. These findings suggest the potential of the extracts in adjuvant therapy for the treatment of diabetes and the possible development of potential neutraceuticals.

scholarly journals A Phenolic Fraction from Catharanthus roseus L. Stems Decreases Glycemia and Stimulates Insulin Secretion

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Alejandra Espejel-Nava ◽  
Elisa Vega-Avila ◽  
Francisco Alarcon-Aguilar ◽  
Alejandra Contreras-Ramos ◽  
Guadalupe Díaz-Rosas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Rinm5f Cells ◽  
Phenolic Fraction

Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. (C. roseus) is a medicinal plant used traditionally for diabetes mellitus control. Several compounds of an alkaloidal nature have been proposed as hypoglycemic principles. However, little attention has been paid to other compounds in this plant that could also participate in this hypoglycemic activity. This study aimed to analyze the hypoglycemic effect of a polyphenolic fraction from C. roseus, as well as its action on insulin secretion and expression in RINm5F cells. Methods. An alkaloid-free aqueous extract was obtained from C. roseus stems. The hypoglycemic effect of different doses of this extract was evaluated in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. This extract was fractionated by bipartition, and the resultant fractions were assessed by their hypoglycemic effects. Subsequently, the fraction with the greater hypoglycemic activity was added to the RINm5F cells, and the expression and secretion of insulin were analyzed. The antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method and through chromatographic analysis of the most active fraction by HPLC, using an Econosphere C18 column. Results. The aqueous alkaloid-free extract of C. roseus stems significantly reduced blood glucose in normal and diabetic mice. The fractionation of this extract provided three fractions, one of which (a precipitate) showed significant reductions in glycemia at 6 h (48.1 and 64.5% in normal and diabetic mice, respectively). This precipitate contained phenolic compounds and saponins. Its chromatographic analysis showed that it is formed by several phenolic compounds; gallic acid (0.053%) and chlorogenic acid (0.216%) were identified and quantified. Conclusion. The phenolic fraction of C. roseus containing gallic acid and chlorogenic acid had a hypoglycemic effect that may be explained by an increase in insulin secretion.

Reduced insulin secretion function is associated with pancreatic islet redistribution of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in diabetic mice after prolonged high-fat diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Tannuri F. L. Falcão ◽  
Daniela A. Maschio ◽  
Camila Calvo de Fontes ◽  
Ricardo B. Oliveira ◽  
Junia C. Santos-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Ecklonia cavaInhibits Glucose Absorption and Stimulates Insulin Secretion in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Kyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1

Aims of study. Present study investigated the effect ofEcklonia cava(EC) on intestinal glucose uptake and insulin secretion.Materials and methods. Intestinal Na+-dependent glucose uptake (SGU) and Na+-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) protein expression was determined using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs). Glucose-induced insulin secretion was examined in pancreatic β-islet cells. The antihyperglycemic effects of EC, SGU, and SGLT1 expression were determined in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.Results. Methanol extract of EC markedly inhibited intestinal SGU of BBMV with the IC50value of 345 μg/mL. SGLT1 protein expression was dose dependently down regulated with EC treatment. Furthermore, insulinotrophic effect of EC extract was observed at high glucose media in isolated pancreatic β-islet cellsin vitro. We next conducted the antihyperglycemic effect of EC in STZ-diabetic mice. EC supplementation markedly suppressed SGU and SGLT1 abundance in BBMV from STZ mice. Furthermore, plasma insulin level was increased by EC treatment in diabetic mice. As a result, EC supplementation improved postprandial glucose regulation, assessed by oral glucose tolerance test, in diabetic mice.Conclusion. These results suggest that EC play a role in controlling dietary glucose absorption at the intestine and insulinotrophic action at the pancreas contributing blood glucose homeostasis in diabetic condition.

scholarly journals Actions of the traditional anti-diabetic plant, Agrimony eupatoria (agrimony): effects on hyperglycaemia, cellular glucose metabolism and insulin secretion

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Gray ◽  
Peter R. Flatt
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Fold Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Agrimony eupatoria (agrimony) has been documented as a traditional treatment of diabetes. Here, the effects of dietary administration of agrimony on streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic mice and on in vitro glucose uptake and glucose metabolism, and on insulin secretion by BRIN-BD11 cells were investigated. Agrimony incorporated into the diet (62·5 g/kg) and drinking water (2·5 g/l) countered the weight loss, polydipsia, hyperphagia and hyperglycaemia of STZ-diabetic mice. Aqueous extract of agrimony (1 mg/ml) stimulated 2-deoxy-glucose transport (1·4-fold), glucose oxidation (1·4-fold) and incorporation of glucose into glycogen (2·0-fold) in mouse abdominal muscle comparable with 0·1 μM-insulin. In acute 20 min tests, 0·25-1 mg/ml aqueous extract of agrimony evoked a stepwise 1·9–3·8-fold stimulation of insulin secretion from the BRIN-BD11 pancreatic B-cell line. This effect was abolished by 0·5mM-diazoxide and previous exposure to extract did not adversely affect subsequent stimulation of insulin secretion by 10 mM-L-alanine, thereby indicating that there was no detrimental effect of the extract on cell viability. The effect of extract was glucose-independent and was not evident in BRIN-BD11 cells exposed to a depolarizing concentration of KCl. The ability of agrimony extract to enhance insulin secretion was dependent on use of heat during extract preparation. These results demonstrate the presence of antihyperglycaemic, insulin-releasing and insulin-like activity in Agrimony eupatoria.

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