Are hepatic and soleus lipid content, assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, associated with low birth weight or insulin resistance in a rural Indian population of healthy young men?

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Livingstone ◽  
L. G. Grunnet ◽  
N. Thomas ◽  
A. Eapen ◽  
B. Antonisamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Function in Skeletal Muscle Is Normal and Unrelated to Insulin Action in Young Men Born with Low Birth Weight

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 3885-3892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Brøns ◽  
Christine B. Jensen ◽  
Heidi Storgaard ◽  
Amra Alibegovic ◽  
Stine Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance

Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) is an independent risk factor of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) may play a key role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in aging and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine whether LBW in humans is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Methods: Mitochondrial capacity for ATP synthesis was assessed by 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in forearm and leg muscles in 20 young, lean men with LBW and 26 matched controls. On a separate day, a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with excision of muscle biopsies and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning was performed. Muscle gene expression of selected OXPHOS genes was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: The LBW subjects displayed a variety of metabolic and prediabetic abnormalities, including elevated fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, reduced insulin-stimulated glycolytic flux, and hepatic insulin resistance. Nevertheless, in vivo mitochondrial function was normal in LBW subjects, as was the expression of OXPHOS genes. Conclusions: These data support and expand previous findings of abnormal glucose metabolism in young men with LBW. In addition, we found that the young, healthy men with LBW exhibited hepatic insulin resistance. However, the study does not support the hypothesis that muscle mitochondrial dysfunction per se is the underlying key metabolic defect that explains or precedes whole body insulin resistance in LBW subjects at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals No Evidence of Ectopic Lipid Accumulation in the Pathophysiology of the Acromegalic Cardiomyopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 4299-4306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Winhofer ◽  
Peter Wolf ◽  
Martin Krššák ◽  
Stefan Wolfsberger ◽  
Andrea Tura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gh Excess ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Content

Context: Patients with acromegaly frequently display disturbances of glucose and lipid metabolism, which might contribute to their increased cardiovascular risk. Because insulin resistance and increased lipolysis have been linked to ectopic lipid deposition, altered lipid accumulation in the liver and the myocardium might contribute to metabolic and cardiac complications in these patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate myocardial (MYCL) and hepatic lipid content (HCL), insulin sensitivity, and cardiac function in active acromegaly and after control of GH excess through transsphenoidal surgery. Patients: Ten patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly (ACRO_active) were compared with 12 healthy controls (CON), matched for age, body mass index, and gender. In seven patients GH excess was controlled, and they were compared with their active state. Methods: MYCL and HCL were assessed by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, pericardial fat and cardiac function by 1H-magnetic resonance imaging, and insulin sensitivity and secretion by an oral glucose tolerance test. Results: Although MYCL tended to be lower, HCL was significantly lower in ACRO_active compared with CON (HCL: 1.2% ± 1.2% vs 4.3% ± 3.5% of 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy signal, P < .02). Parameters of systolic function and hypertrophy were significantly increased in ACRO_active compared with CON, as were insulin secretion and resistance. After the control of GH excess, HCL and MYCL remained unchanged, but pericardial fat was increased in the patients in whom GH excess was controlled (from 11.6 ± 5.5 to 14.7 ± 6.2 cm2, P = .02). Conclusion: Acromegaly represents a unique condition characterized by low myocardial and hepatic lipid content despite decreased insulin sensitivity, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia. Hence, ectopic lipid accumulation does not appear to contribute to cardiac morbidity, and increased lipid oxidation might counteract ectopic lipid accumulation in GH excess.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis of intramyocellular lipid composition in lipodystrophic patients and athletes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B Savage ◽  
Laura Watson ◽  
Katie Carr ◽  
Claire Adams ◽  
Soren Brage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
And Gender

AbstractContextParadoxically, intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation has been linked to both insulin-resistant and to insulin-sensitive (athletes) states. The composition of this lipid store is unknown in these states.Design and MethodsWe used a recently validated and potentially widely applicable 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy method to compare the compositional saturation index (CH2:CH3 ratio) and concentration independent of composition (CH3) of intramyocellular lipid in the soleus and tibialis anterior muscles of 16 female insulin-resistant lipodystrophic patients with that of age- and gender-matched athletes (n=14) and healthy controls (n = 41).Main OutcomeIMCL compositional saturation index (CH2:CH3 ratio).ResultsThe IMCL CH2:CH3 ratio was significantly higher in both muscles of the lipodystrophic patients compared with age- and gender-matched controls but not compared to athletes. IMCL CH2:CH3 was dependent on IMCL concentration in the controls and after adjusting the composition index for quantity (CH2:CH3adj) was able to distinguish patients from athletes. With groups pooled, this CH2:CH3adj marker had the strongest relation to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to other measures of lipid concentration and composition, especially in the soleus muscle. Contrary to the ‘athlete’s paradox’, IMCL in athletes was similar in tibialis anterior (p>0.05) and significantly lower in the soleus (p < 0.004) compared to both controls and patients.ConclusionsThe IMCL saturation index adjusted for quantity, which likely reflects accumulation of saturated IMCL, is more closely associated with insulin resistance than concentration alone.

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