scholarly journals Electrophysiological measures of resting state functional connectivity and their relationship with working memory capacity in childhood

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica J. Barnes ◽  
Mark W. Woolrich ◽  
Kate Baker ◽  
Giles L. Colclough ◽  
Duncan E. Astle
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity

Working memory capacity and the functional connectome - insights from resting-state fMRI and voxelwise centrality mapping

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Markett ◽  
Martin Reuter ◽  
Behrend Heeren ◽  
Bernd Lachmann ◽  
Bernd Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Functional Connectome

scholarly journals The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system and fluid intelligence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Tsukahara ◽  
Randall W Engle
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Pupil Size ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Executive Attention ◽  
Norepinephrine System

The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system is uniquely situated to influence a wide-array of brain and cellular processes at all levels of brain functions. We review the literature on the locus-coeruleus-norepinephrine system in relation to fluid intelligence within the context of our executive attention theory. We discuss evidence suggesting the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system plays an important role in the functional organization of the resting-state brain and that this can explain our finding from Tsukahara et al. (2016) that higher fluid intelligence and working memory capacity is associated with a larger baseline pupil size. However, other researchers have not been able to replicate our 2016 finding – though they only measured working memory capacity and not fluid intelligence. In a reanalysis of Tsukahara et al. (2016) we show that reduced variability on baseline pupil size will result in a higher probability of obtaining smaller and non-significant correlations with working memory capacity. In two large-scale studies, we demonstrated that reduced variability in baseline pupil size values down to minimal physiological limits can be obtained if the monitor is too bright. Additionally, fluid intelligence and working memory capacity do correlate with baseline pupil size except in the brightest lighting conditions. We also investigated the relationship of higher-order cognition to baseline pupil size within the context of our executive attention theory. Therefore, we conclude that fluid intelligence does correlate with baseline pupil size and that this is related to the functional organization of the resting-state brain through the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system.

scholarly journals Toward Task Connectomics: Examining Whole-Brain Task Modulated Connectivity in Different Task Domains

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1572-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Di ◽  
Bharat B Biswal
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Psychophysiological Interaction ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

Abstract Human brain anatomical and resting-state functional connectivity have been comprehensively portrayed using MRI, which are termed anatomical and functional connectomes. A systematic examination of tasks modulated whole brain functional connectivity, which we term as task connectome, is still lacking. We analyzed 6 block-designed and 1 event-related designed functional MRI data, and examined whole-brain task modulated connectivity in various task domains, including emotion, reward, language, relation, social cognition, working memory, and inhibition. By using psychophysiological interaction between pairs of regions from the whole brain, we identified statistically significant task modulated connectivity in 4 tasks between their experimental and respective control conditions. Task modulated connectivity was found not only between regions that were activated during the task but also regions that were not activated or deactivated, suggesting a broader involvement of brain regions in a task than indicated by simple regional activations. Decreased functional connectivity was observed in all the 4 tasks and sometimes reduced connectivity was even between regions that were both activated during the task. This suggests that brain regions that are activated together do not necessarily work together. The current study demonstrates the comprehensive task connectomes of 4 tasks, and suggested complex relationships between regional activations and connectivity changes.

NIRS Captured Changes in Resting State Functional Connectivity after Performing a Working Memory Task

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laleh Najafizadeh ◽  
Fatima Chowdhry ◽  
Jana Kainerstorfer ◽  
Nader Shahni Karamzadeh ◽  
Franck Amyot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity
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