scholarly journals A prospective study of the substance use and mental health outcomes of young adult former and current cannabis users

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Silins ◽  
Wendy Swift ◽  
Tim Slade ◽  
Barbara Toson ◽  
Bryan Rodgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Understanding Neighborhoods’ Impact on Youth Substance Use and Mental Health Outcomes in Paterson, New Jersey: Protocol for a Community-Based Participatory Research Study

10.2196/29427 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e29427
Author(s):  
Ijeoma Opara ◽  
Noelle R Leonard ◽  
Daneele Thorpe ◽  
Trace Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Based

Background Substance use among youth is a major public health concern. Of note, substance use among youth is increasing in prevalence, and the incidence of substance use at earlier ages is rising. Given the long-term consequences of early substance use, it is important to identify factors that increase youth vulnerability to drug use, as they may be important targets for future interventions. Objective This study aims to use innovative methods, such as venue-based sampling, to recruit youth who are disconnected from school and use community-based participatory research to gain a better understanding of the prevalence of substance use and important correlates among youth aged between 13 and 21 years in Paterson, New Jersey, a low-income, urban community. The study will use a convergent, mixed methods design involving multiple data collection components and the analysis of a ministrative data source, designed with the strengths of complex intervention frameworks in mind. The overall aims of the study are to identify the prevalence of substance use among youth who are engaged in school and not engaged in school; to understand important antecedents and correlates of substance use; and to use this information to inform social, environmental, and culturally appropriate interventions to address substance use and its correlates among youths in a lower-resourced urban community. Methods This study will use both qualitative and quantitative methods to address important questions. Specifically, semistructured interviews using focus group and interview methodologies will be used to assess youths’ lived experiences and will account for specific details that quantitative methods may not be able to attain. In addition, quantitative methods will be used to examine direct and multilevel associations between neighborhood factors and youth substance use and mental health outcomes. Results A previous analysis from a substance use initiative in Paterson, New Jersey found that youth who use substances such as marijuana and alcohol are more likely to have higher rates of depression and anxiety. On the basis of the research questions, this study will examine the association between neighborhood characteristics, substance use, and mental health symptoms among youth in Paterson by using quantitative and qualitative methods and will use these findings to inform the adaptation of a community- and evidence-based substance use prevention intervention for these youths. Conclusions The findings of this study will provide an important contribution to understanding the role of socioecological factors in predicting substance use and mental health outcomes among youth in a lower-resourced, urban community. Furthermore, these findings will serve as evidence for the development of a culturally informed, community-based prevention program to address substance use disparities for youth, including those who are truant in Paterson, New Jersey. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/29427

An analysis of within-subject and population level risk related to substance use and mental health outcomes among adolescents in the PATH study

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 108385
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
Jacob T. Borodovsky ◽  
Erin M. Kasson ◽  
Andrea Fentem ◽  
Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

How Does Spiritual Intelligence Relate to Mental Health in a Western Sample?

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek A. Giannone ◽  
Daniel Kaplin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cast Doubt

This study investigates a recently developed model of spiritual intelligence in relation to the common mental health concerns of depression, anxiety, and substance use. Three-hundred and fifty-three undergraduate psychology students responded to the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale–Revised, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Drug, Alcohol, and Nicotine scale. We hypothesized spiritual intelligence would be negatively associated with the study’s mental health outcomes. A secondary aim was to examine the contributions of spiritual intelligence model components to mental health. Overall spiritual intelligence was not associated with anxiety, depression, or substance use. Examination of the relationships between spiritual intelligence components and mental health suggested this model lacks cohesiveness in relation to mental health. While the capacity to critically examine existential issues was associated with increased depression and anxiety, the ability to draw meaning and purpose from experience was associated with improvements in all mental health outcomes. These findings cast doubt on the construct of spiritual intelligence and suggest that existential thinking and the production of meaning may be closely related to mental health. Future research should explore differences in spiritual intelligence components and their associations with mental health among varying religious affiliations.

scholarly journals Comparing substance use and mental health outcomes among sexual minority and heterosexual women in probability and non-probability samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie A. Drabble ◽  
Karen F. Trocki ◽  
Rachael A. Korcha ◽  
Jamie L. Klinger ◽  
Cindy B. Veldhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Heterosexual Women

Incidence and Predictors of Mental Health Outcomes Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer: A Population-Based Study Using the IMPACT Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. JCO.20.02019
Author(s):  
Riddhita De ◽  
Rinku Sutradhar ◽  
Paul Kurdyak ◽  
Suriya Aktar ◽  
Jason D. Pole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

PURPOSE Risk and predictors of long-term mental health outcomes in survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers are poorly characterized. Mental health is consequently neglected in long-term follow-up. METHODS We identified all AYA in Ontario, Canada age 15-21 years when diagnosed with one of six common cancers between 1992-2012 using a population-based database, and compared them with matched controls. Linkage to provincial healthcare data allowed analysis of rates of outpatient (family physician and psychiatrist) visits for psychiatric indications and time to severe psychiatric events (emergency room visit, hospitalization, and suicide). Demographic-, disease-, and treatment-related predictors of adverse outcomes, including treatment setting (adult v pediatric), were examined. RESULTS Among 2,208 survivors and 10,457 matched controls, 5-year survivors experienced higher rates of outpatient mental health visits than controls (671 visits per 1,000 person-years v 506; adjusted rate ratio [RR] 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.5; P = .006). Risk of a severe psychiatric episode was also increased among survivors (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.4, P = .008). Risk of a psychotic disorder–associated severe event was doubled in survivors (HR, 2.0, 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.4; P = .007) although absolute risk remained low (15-year cumulative incidence 1.7%; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.7). In multivariable analysis, survivors treated in adult centers experienced substantially higher outpatient visit rates compared with those treated in pediatric settings (RR 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0 to 3.1; P = .04). CONCLUSION Survivors of AYA cancer are at substantially increased risk of adverse mental health outcomes, with those treated in adult centers at particular risk. Although absolute incidence was low, survivors were at increased risk of psychotic disorder–associated severe events. Long-term mental health surveillance is warranted, as is research into effective interventions during or after cancer treatment.

Social Connectedness, Self-Efficacy, and Mental Health Outcomes Among Homeless Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 989-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Begun ◽  
Kimberly A. Bender ◽  
Samantha M. Brown ◽  
Anamika Barman-Adhikari ◽  
Kristin Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

Homeless youth frequently meet diagnosis criteria for depressive and/or substance use disorder(s). Although prior research has established that both social connectedness and self-efficacy buffer vulnerable youth’s adverse health outcomes, few studies have compared the potential of these protective factors on homeless youth’s mental well-being. The current study analyzes comparative effects of social connectedness and self-efficacy on meeting criteria for major depressive disorder, substance use disorder, and the co-occurrence of both disorders among a sample of 601 service-seeking homeless youth in Austin, Denver, and Los Angeles. Hierarchical logistic regressions indicate that while both social connectedness and self-efficacy constructs are valuable protective factors, social connectedness may offer greater utility, particularly in buffering against more complex mental health outcomes, such as the co-occurrence of depressive and substance use disorders. Accordingly, resource-strapped homeless youth service providers and researchers may benefit from tailoring mental health intervention strategies to further emphasize social connectedness in future efforts.

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