Non-specific labeling of macrophages with anti-cytokeratin 20 (SP33) in the evaluation of nodal micrometastasis from Merkel cell carcinoma: A pitfall for metastasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-90
Author(s):  
Michela Venturi ◽  
Luca Pilloni
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Nodal Micrometastasis

scholarly journals Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Recent Progress and Current Priorities on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Management

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 4021-4026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Human Polyomavirus ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell

Purpose To expedite improved understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare malignancy of cutaneous neuroendocrine cells that has a 28% 2-year mortality rate. Methods This article summarizes a workshop that discussed the state-of-the-art research and priorities for research on MCC and on a new human polyomavirus (ie, MCPyV) recently discovered in 80% of MCC tumors. Results Normal Merkel cells are widely distributed in the epidermis near the end of nerve axons and may function as mechanoreceptors or chemoreceptors. Malignant MCC cells typically stain for cytokeratin 20 as well as for other epithelial and neuroendocrine markers. MCC subtypes, which are based on histology, on cell line growth properties, and on gene expression profiles, have been reported but have not been linked to prognosis. Clinical management has been empiric. MCPyV is clonally integrated at various sites in the human genome of MCC tumors, with truncating mutations in the viral, large T antigen gene that interrupt viral replication. MCPyV seroprevalence may be high, as with previously known human polyomaviruses. MCC risk is increased 11-fold with AIDS and with other cell-mediated immune deficiencies, B-cell neoplasms, and ultraviolet radiation exposure. Conclusion Development and validation of a range quantitative polymerase chain reaction and serologic assays for detection of MCPyV, as well as an infectious clone of the virus, would clarify the fundamental biology, natural history, and epidemiology of the virus, of MCC, and of other diseases. Contingent on standardized histologic diagnosis and staging of MCC, consortia are needed to clarify the risks and benefits of sentinel lymph node biopsy, adjuvant radiation therapy, and salvage therapies; consortia are needed also for epidemiologic studies of MCC etiology.

Immunostaining for Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 and Cytokeratin 20 Aids the Distinction of Small Cell Carcinoma From Merkel Cell Carcinoma, But Not Pulmonary From Extrapulmonary Small Cell Carcinomas

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Cheuk ◽  
M. Y. Kwan ◽  
Saul Suster ◽  
John K. C. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 ◽  
Thyroid Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factor 1

Abstract Objective.—To study the expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) in pulmonary small cell carcinomas, extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas, and Merkel cell carcinomas, and thereby determine whether these markers are helpful in distinguishing these 3 groups of small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. Materials and Methods.—Immunostaining for TTF-1 and CK20 was performed in 102 cases of small cell carcinoma (pulmonary, 52; extrapulmonary, 50) and 23 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma. The results for the 3 groups were compared. Results.—Thyroid transcription factor 1 was expressed in 82.7% of pulmonary small cell carcinomas, 42.0% of extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (range, 33.3–53.3% for the various sites), and 0% of Merkel cell carcinomas. Cytokeratin 20 staining was consistently negative in pulmonary small cell carcinomas, and positive in 4.0% of extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas and 100% of Merkel cell carcinomas. Conclusions.—Immunostaining for TTF-1, especially when combined with immunostaining for CK20, can aid in the distinction between Merkel cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma (both pulmonary and extrapulmonary). However, in individual cases, these markers cannot be used to distinguish between pulmonary and extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas due to the extensive overlap in immunophenotypes.

scholarly journals Comment on ‘Cytokeratin 20-negative Merkel cell carcinoma is infrequently associated with the Merkel cell polyomavirus’

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Iwasaki ◽  
Michiko Matsushita ◽  
Daisuke Nonaka ◽  
Ichiro Murakami ◽  
Kazuhiko Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell

scholarly journals Next generation sequencing of Cytokeratin 20-negative Merkel cell carcinoma reveals ultraviolet-signature mutations and recurrent TP53 and RB1 inactivation

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W Harms ◽  
Angela M B Collie ◽  
Daniel H Hovelson ◽  
Andi K Cani ◽  
Monique E Verhaegen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Neoadjuvant Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Merkel Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (22) ◽  
pp. 2471-2475
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Brohl ◽  
Vernon K. Sondak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Past History ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Cross Sectional

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. A 78-year-old man presented with rapidly enlarging lymph nodes in the right preauricular region and neck. Needle biopsy revealed a cytokeratin 20–positive, high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm consistent with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Cross-sectional imaging disclosed a 5.2-cm intraparotid mass and extensive adenopathy in the ipsilateral cervical and submental chains ( Figs 1A and 1C ), without distant metastatic disease. A skin examination did not reveal a primary lesion (hence, stage IIIA, T0N1bM0). The patient’s history was notable for hypertension, diet-controlled diabetes type II, high cholesterol, and a past history of numerous cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinomas. He was quite active but reported discomfort from the bulk of the tumors. The patient was evaluated by the surgical oncology team, who believed that the parotid mass and cervical adenopathy were technically resectable but that resection carried a substantial risk of morbidity because of the potential need to sacrifice the facial and/or spinal accessory nerves and because of a likely margin-positive (R1 or R2) result. He was referred to the medical oncology team to discuss management options for regionally advanced, “borderline-resectable” MCC.

scholarly journals Reply to Commentary on “Cytokeratin 20-negative Merkel cell carcinoma is infrequently associated with the Merkel cell polyomavirus”

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-91
Author(s):  
Andrew G Miner ◽  
Rajiv M Patel ◽  
Deborah Wilson ◽  
Gary W Procop ◽  
Eugen Minca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell

scholarly journals Cytokeratin 20-negative Merkel cell carcinoma is infrequently associated with the Merkel cell polyomavirus

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G Miner ◽  
Rajiv M Patel ◽  
Deborah A Wilson ◽  
Gary W Procop ◽  
Eugen C Minca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell

Immunostaining for cytokeratin 20 improves detection of micrometastatic Merkel cell carcinoma in sentinel lymph nodes

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndon D. Su ◽  
Lori Lowe ◽  
Carol R. Bradford ◽  
Alan I. Yahanda ◽  
Timothy M. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell
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