scholarly journals Platelet‐rich plasma‐derived extracellular vesicles: A superior alternative in regenerative medicine?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiuping Wu ◽  
Yingxin Piao ◽  
Qinyi Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma

scholarly journals Characterization and Therapeutic Use of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Platelets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9701
Author(s):  
Timea Spakova ◽  
Jana Janockova ◽  
Jan Rosocha
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
Main Components

Autologous blood products, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), are gaining increasing interest in different fields of regenerative medicine. Although growth factors, the main components of PRP, are thought to stimulate reparation processes, the exact mechanism of action and main effectors of PRP are not fully understood. Plasma contains a high amount of extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by different cells, including anucleated platelets. Platelet-derived EVs (PL-EVs) are the most abundant type of EVs in circulation. Numerous advantages of PL-EVs, including their ability to be released locally, their ease of travel through the body, their low immunogenicity and tumourigenicity, the modulation of signal transduction as well as the ease with which they can be obtained, has attracted increased attention n. This review focuses briefly on the biological characteristics and isolation methods of PL-EVs, including exosomes derived from platelets (PL-EXOs), and their involvement in the pathology of diseases. Evidence that shows how PL-EVs can be used as a novel tool in medicine, particularly in therapeutic and regenerative medicine, is also discussed in this review.

Effects of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells on Liver Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Zheng ◽  
Yumin Yang ◽  
Russel Clive Sequeira ◽  
Colin E. Bishop ◽  
Anthony Atala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Chronic Liver Injury ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits

Therapeutic effects of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) transplantation have been observed in various disease models. However, it is thought that MSCs-mediated effects largely depend on the paracrine manner of secreting cytokines, growth factors, and Extracellular Vesicles (EVs). Similarly, MSCs-derived EVs also showed therapeutic benefits in various liver diseases through alleviating fibrosis, improving regeneration of hepatocytes, and regulating immune activity. This review provides an overview of the MSCs, their EVs, and their therapeutic potential in treating various liver diseases including liver fibrosis, acute and chronic liver injury, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). More specifically, the mechanisms by which MSC-EVs induce therapeutic benefits in liver diseases will be covered. In addition, comparisons between MSCs and their EVs were also evaluated as regenerative medicine against liver diseases. While the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy must continue to be evaluated and verified, MSCs-derived EVs currently show tremendous potential and promise as a regenerative medicine treatment for liver disease in the future.

Poly-(lactic acid) and fibrin bioactive cellularized scaffold for use in bone regenerative medicine: Proof of concept

2021 ◽  
pp. 088391152199640
Author(s):  
Renata Aquino de Carvalho ◽  
Valmir Vieira Rocha Júnior ◽  
Antonio José Felix Carvalho ◽  
Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre de Araújo ◽  
Mônica Rosas Costa Iemma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Infrapatellar Fat Pad ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Critical Bone Defects

Bone regenerative medicine (BRM) aims to overcome the limitations of conventional treatments for critical bone defects by developing therapeutic strategies, based on temporary bioactive substitutes, capable of stimulating, sustaining, and guiding tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to validate the “proof of concept” of a cellularized bioactive scaffold and establish its potential for use in BRM. For this purpose, three-dimensional scaffolds of poly-(lactic acid) (PLA), produced by the additive manufacturing technique, were incorporated into a human platelet-rich plasma (PRP-h) fibrin matrix containing human infrapatellar fat pad mesenchymal stem cells (hIFPMSC). The scaffolds (PLA/finbrin-bioactive) were kept under ideal culture conditions in a medium free from fetal bovine serum and analyzed at 5 and 10 days by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourrier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Circular Dichroism and fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated the feasibility of obtaining a rigid, cytocompatible, and cellularized three-dimensional structure. In addition, PRP platelets and leukocytes were able to provide a bioactive environment capable of maintaining the viability of hIFPMSC into scaffolds. The results validate the concept of a customizable, bioactive, cellularized, and non-immunogenic strategy for application in BRM.

The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Aesthetic and Regenerative Medicine: A Comprehensive Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouria Samadi ◽  
Mohsen Sheykhhasan ◽  
Hamed Manoochehri Khoshinani
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals NANOmetric BIO-Banked MSC-Derived Exosome (NANOBIOME) as a Novel Approach to Regenerative Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Codispoti ◽  
Massimo Marrelli ◽  
Francesco Paduano ◽  
Marco Tatullo
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Technical Issues

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known for their great potential in clinical applications. In fact, MSCs can differentiate into several cell lineages and show paracrine behavior by releasing endogenous factors that stimulate tissue repair and modulate local immune response. Each MSC type is affected by specific biobanking issues—technical issues as well as regulatory and ethical concerns—thus making it quite tricky to safely and commonly use MSC banking for swift regenerative applications. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include a group of 150–1000 nm vesicles that are released by budding from the plasma membrane into biological fluids and/or in the culture medium from varied and heterogenic cell types. EVs consist of various vesicle types that are defined with different nomenclature such as exosomes, shedding vesicles, nanoparticles, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Ectosomes, micro- and nanoparticles generally refer to the direct release of single vesicles from the plasma membrane. While many studies describe exosomes as deriving from multivesicular bodies, solid evidence about the origin of EVs is often lacking. Extracellular vesicles represent an important portion of the cell secretome. Their numerous properties can be used for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic uses, so EVs are considered to be innovative and smart theranostic tools. The aim of this review is to investigate the usefulness of exosomes as carriers of the whole information panel characterizing the use of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Our purpose is to make a step forward in the development of the NANOmetric BIO-banked MSC-derived Exosome (NANOBIOME).

The extracellular vesicles-derived from mesenchymal stromal cells: A new therapeutic option in regenerative medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 8048-8073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vajihe Taghdiri Nooshabadi ◽  
Soura Mardpour ◽  
Aliakbar Yousefi-Ahmadipour ◽  
Amir Allahverdi ◽  
Mehrnaz Izadpanah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Option
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