scholarly journals Hypoxic preconditioning improves long‐term functional outcomes after neonatal hypoxia–ischemic injury by restoring white matter integrity and brain development

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming‐Yue Xu ◽  
Yang‐Fan Wang ◽  
Peng‐Ju Wei ◽  
Yan‐Qin Gao ◽  
Wen‐Ting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Ischemic Injury ◽  
Hypoxic Preconditioning ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Neonatal Hypoxia

Abstract WP105: Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) is Essential for Functional Recovery After Stroke by Promoting Axonal Outgrowth

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen

Objectives: Stroke is the leading cause of long term neurological disability with limited therapeutic options. Human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is currently the only FDA approved drug for the thrombolytic treatment of ischemic stroke. Emerging evidence suggests that the effects of tPA in ischemic brain may extend beyond its thrombolytic activity. In this study, we investigated the role of tPA in long term stroke recovery. Methods: Cortical infarct was induced by distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) in tPA knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice. Sensorimotor functions were evaluated at 3-35 days after dMCAO. White matter integrity was assessed by luxol fast blue staining, immunohistochemistry for SMI-32, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The neuronal tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) was used to label the corticorubral tract and the corticospinal tract. For rescue experiment, tPA (2mg/kg) was delivered intranasally to tPA KO mice once a day for 14 days starting 6h after dMCAO. Results: Infarct volume was comparable between tPA KO and WT mice after dMCAO. Sensorimotor deficits after dMCAO were exacerbated in tPA KO mice than WT mice. tPA KO mice also showed more severe demyelination in post-stroke white matter and reduced axonal sprouting at 35 days after dMCAO compared to WT mice. DTI studies revealed deteriorated white matter integrity in tPA KO mice, as manifested by decreased fractional anisotropy. Intranasal delivery of tPA after dMCAO rescued the neurological phenotype shown by tPA KO mice. Conclusion: Endogenous tPA promotes white matter integrity and is essential for functional recovery after ischemic stroke. tPA may be a novel neurorestorative therapy for stroke recovery.

scholarly journals Rosiglitazone Promotes White Matter Integrity and Long-Term Functional Recovery After Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 2628-2636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Han ◽  
Wei Cai ◽  
Leilei Mao ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Peiying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
White Matter Integrity

Abstract TMP27: Tgfalpha Protects Oligodendrocytes Against Ischemic Injury and Promotes White Matter Integrity After Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Dai ◽  
Jingyan Zhao ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Wei Cai ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Ischemic Injury ◽  
White Matter Integrity

scholarly journals Integrity of normal-appearing white matter and functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (18) ◽  
pp. 1701-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Etherton ◽  
Ona Wu ◽  
Pedro Cougo ◽  
Anne-Katrin Giese ◽  
Lisa Cloonan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Cerebral Tissue ◽  
Nihss Score ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Acute Infarct

Objective:To characterize the effect of white matter microstructural integrity on cerebral tissue and long-term functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:Consecutive AIS patients with brain MRI acquired within 48 hours of symptom onset and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score were included. Acute infarct volume on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWIv) and white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHv) on T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI were measured. Median fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and axial diffusivity values were calculated within normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in the hemisphere contralateral to the acute lesion. Regression models were used to assess the association between diffusivity metrics and acute cerebral tissue and long-term functional outcomes in AIS. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05 for all analyses.Results:Among 305 AIS patients with DWIv and mRS score, mean age was 64.4 ± 15.9 years, and 183 participants (60%) were male. Median NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 3 (interquartile range [IQR] 1–8), and median normalized WMHv was 6.19 cm3 (IQR 3.0–12.6 cm3). Admission stroke severity (β = 0.16, p < 0.0001) and small vessel stroke subtype (β = −1.53, p < 0.0001), but not diffusivity metrics, were independently associated with DWIv. However, median FA in contralesional NAWM was independently associated with mRS score (β = −9.74, p = 0.02), along with age, female sex, NIHSS score, and DWIv.Conclusions:FA decrease in NAWM contralateral to the acute infarct is associated with worse mRS category at 90 days after stroke. These data suggest that white matter integrity may contribute to functional recovery after stroke.

Effects of neonatal hypoxia on brain development in the rat: immediate and long-term biochemical alterations in discrete regions

1986 ◽  
Vol 374 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore A. Slotkin ◽  
Todd S. Cowdery ◽  
Lisa Orband ◽  
Steven Pachman ◽  
William L. Whitmore
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Neonatal Hypoxia

scholarly journals Interleukin-4 improves white matter integrity and functional recovery after murine traumatic brain injury via oligodendroglial PPARγ

2020 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2094139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjian Pu ◽  
Xuan Zheng ◽  
Xiaoyan Jiang ◽  
Hongfeng Mu ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Neurological Recovery ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Interleukin 4

Long-term neurological recovery after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is strongly linked to the repair and functional restoration of injured white matter. Emerging evidence suggests that the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) plays an important role in promoting white matter integrity after cerebral ischemic injury. Here, we report that delayed intranasal delivery of nanoparticle-packed IL-4 boosted sensorimotor neurological recovery in a murine model of controlled cortical impact, as assessed by a battery of neurobehavioral tests for up to five weeks. Post-injury IL-4 treatment failed to reduce macroscopic brain lesions after TBI, but preserved the structural and functional integrity of white matter, at least in part through oligodendrogenesis. IL-4 directly facilitated the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into mature myelin-producing oligodendrocytes in primary cultures, an effect that was attenuated by selective PPARγ inhibition. IL-4 treatment after TBI in vivo also failed to stimulate oligodendrogenesis or improve white matter integrity in OPC-specific PPARγ conditional knockout (cKO) mice. Accordingly, IL-4-afforded improvements in sensorimotor neurological recovery after TBI were markedly impaired in the PPARγ cKO mice compared to wildtype controls. These results support IL-4 as a potential novel neurorestorative therapy to improve white matter functionality and mitigate the long-term neurological consequences of TBI.

Enhanced White Matter Integrity in Corpus Callosum of Long-Term Brahmakumaris Rajayoga Meditators

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanishka Sharma ◽  
Richa Trivedi ◽  
Sushil Chandra ◽  
Prabhjot Kaur ◽  
Pawan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
White Matter Integrity

scholarly journals White matter integrity in alcohol-dependent patients with long-term abstinence

Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (21) ◽  
pp. e26078
Author(s):  
Jeonghwan Lee ◽  
Gawon Ju ◽  
Jung-Woo Son ◽  
Chul-Jin Shin ◽  
Sang Ick Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Alcohol Dependent
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