The Production of Community in Community Land Trusts

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-655
Author(s):  
Richard Kruger ◽  
James DeFilippis ◽  
Olivia R. Williams ◽  
Azadeh Hadizadeh Esfahani ◽  
Deborah G. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Land Trusts ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Mixed Property ◽  
Property Regime

This paper explores the ways notions of community are produced and understood by homeowners/ members, staff, and board members of eight Community Land Trusts (CLTs) in the state of Minnesota. The CLT model utilizes a mixed property regime that ensures the permanent affordability of land to make it accessible to low–income people. In most cases, CLT land is made up of noncontiguous parcels spread across a neighborhood or municipality, embedded in an existing landscape of geographic and social communities. CLTs have been lauded as agents in and for community control of urban land tenure, yet there has been little scholarship on what exactly “community” means to those involved. This article addresses this gap through an analysis of the empirical findings of a three–year study of CLTs in Minnesota in which participants were asked to think through how they conceptualized the community in the CLTs they were a part of. Our findings show that little sense of community exists among the CLT homeowners we interviewed. Despite this, CLT homeowners did feel a sense of community in their relationships with CLT staff members, and, interestingly, expressed a feeling of (imagined) community with future CLT homeowners.

Determinants of Consumer Influence in a Health Systems Agency

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-393
Author(s):  
Allan Steckler ◽  
Leonard Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Board Member ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Consumer Participation ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Minority Participation ◽  
Decision Making Processes

An 18-month study of consumer participation and influence in a Health Systems Agency (HSA) found consumer board members to be less influential than provider board members in agency decision-making. In an effort to investigate causes of the influence deficit experienced by consumer HSA board members three issues were studied: staff attitudes toward consumer participation; board member degree of representative accountability; and board member attitudes concerning commitment to consumer participation, commitment to health planning, health services attitude, and feelings of social powerlessness. Results indicated that staff members were favorable toward the concept of consumer participation. They recognized a lack of low-income minority participation, but they did not provide support or allocate resources to enhance consumers' ability to participate. Providers were less committed to consumer participation, felt more socially powerful, and had greater representative accountability than did consumers. Several strategies for increasing consumer influence in HSA decision-making processes are proposed.

“It's Not Just a Bunch of Buildings”: Social Psychological Investment, Sense of Community, and Collective Efficacy in a Multiethnic Low–Income Neighborhood

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Walton
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The Social

This analysis of social life in a poor, multiethnic public housing neighborhood presents an opportunity for refinement of social disorganization theory. Drawing on data from interviews, focus groups, and participant observations among residents, I find that this neighborhood exhibits substantial collective efficacy, despite social disorganization theory's predictions that the structural conditions of high poverty and racial and ethnic diversity result in low collective efficacy. I explicate two social psychological investment strategies—sense of ownership and symbolic representation—that appear to facilitate a sense of community and ultimately collective efficacy, helping to explain this apparent anomaly. I argue that even in the presence of structural disadvantage, having a strong sense of community provides a basis for beneficial action on behalf of the collective because it constitutes a source of shared expectations about values and norms in the neighborhood. These findings suggest refinements to the social disorganization framework, but also provide foundational ideas for policy interventions that may improve the social lives of residents in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

scholarly journals The ‘community' in community land trusts: the role of community control in pursuing community land trust activism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Le
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Land Trusts ◽  
Land Trust ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
Community Land Trust

Housing in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) is increasingly unaffordable due to rising housing costs. Community land trusts (CLTs) have recently emerged as a tool for providing affordable housing in the GTHA. This paper investigated the form that CLTs should take to ensure its long-term success for providing affordable housing. Through an analysis of academic and grey literature, the element of community control was identified as being a critical success factor. This paper explored four CLTs operating in American and European contexts to understand whether and how community control was manifested and the resulting implications it had on the CLT and residents. The findings of the paper confirm the importance of community control in the long-term functioning of CLTs, and that community control can be manifested in various forms. Planners operating in the GTHA must therefore be mindful of ensuring that community control is expressed in CLTs. Keywords: Community land trust; affordable housing; community control; Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area

scholarly journals “Trailer Trash” Stigma and Belonging in Florida Mobile Home Parks

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarethe Kusenbach
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mobile Home ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Mobile Homes ◽  
Community Belonging

<p>In the United States, residents of mobile homes and mobile home communities are faced with cultural stigmatization regarding their places of living. While common, the “trailer trash” stigma, an example of both housing and neighborhood/territorial stigma, has been understudied in contemporary research. Through a range of discursive strategies, many subgroups within this larger population manage to successfully distance themselves from the stigma and thereby render it inconsequential (Kusenbach, 2009). But what about those residents—typically white, poor, and occasionally lacking in stability—who do not have the necessary resources to accomplish this? This article examines three typical responses by low-income mobile home residents—here called resisting, downplaying, and perpetuating—leading to different outcomes regarding residents’ sense of community belonging. The article is based on the analysis of over 150 qualitative interviews with mobile home park residents conducted in West Central Florida between 2005 and 2010.</p>

ICT and Distance Learning for Agricultural Extension in Low Income Countries

2008 ◽  
pp. 1554-1560
Author(s):  
Colin R. Latchem ◽  
Ajit Maru
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Land Reforms ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Value Add

About 2 billion people in low-income countries are dependent upon smallholding farming for their livelihoods. These are among the world’s poorest people. Most of them lack land tenure and farm in regions with limited land and water resources. Many must cope with drought, desertification, and environmental damage caused by failed land reforms, large-scale monocropping, overgrazing, logging, destroyed watersheds, and the encroachment of new pests and diseases. They use only the most primitive of tools and they lack the knowledge and skills to improve their farming methods, value-add their produce, and compete in national and global markets. Many of these smallholder communities have been devastated by HIV/AIDS. In some regions of sub-Saharan Africa, food production has dropped by 40%, and it is estimated that over the next 20 years, 26% of the agricultural labour force will be lost to this pandemic. And demographic and economic changes in the low-income nations are increasingly leaving farming in the hands of women, who lack the knowledge and resources to farm efficiently.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY BELONGING THROUGH THEATER: CREATIVE ARTS INTERVENTION FOR LOW-INCOME OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S198-S198
Author(s):  
Ruth E Dunkle ◽  
Laura Sutherland ◽  
Garrett T Pace ◽  
Ariel Kennedy ◽  
Patricia Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Creative Arts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Community Belonging

Abstract Creative arts can promote social contact and possibly reduce isolation. A professionally run theater group comprised of low-income older adults met for 12 weeks to learn basic skills and perform a play. Using a pre-post questionnaire, data were gathered from the treatment group (n=14) who participated in the class and a non-participating comparison group (n=5) to identify potential program effects on measures of social isolation, community belonging, and social exclusion. Participants were African American living in low-income housing in an urban area. The average age of the sample was 65 years, 21% were men, 83% had at least high school degree, 71% reported good to excellent health, and 58% reported at least one ADL. Regression analyses showed that a sense of community belonging was significantly greater for the treatment group than the comparison group at time 2.This was not the case when considering social isolation or social exclusion. When controls were added (age, health, and previous theater experience), the significant difference remained with higher age predicting a sense of community belonging. The greater number of class sessions attended was also associated with a greater sense of community belonging for the treatment group. Through the shared experience of theater, participants can gain a sense of community, but this activity does not seem to be related to social isolation or social exclusion. It could be that theater participation fosters a sense of belonging due to group dynamics but is not a significant enough activity to reduce a sense of isolation or exclusion.

Challenges and Opportunities

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Thomas Packard
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Human Service ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Human service organizations are faced with environments of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. The COVID-19 pandemic, other healthcare challenges, expectations for evidence-based practice usage, and racial justice are vivid examples. Clients and communities deserve effective services delivered by competent, compassionate, and committed staff members. Taxpayers, donors, philanthropists, policymakers, and board members deserve to have their contributions used to deliver programs that are effective and efficient. All these forces create demands and opportunities for organizational change. Planned organizational change can happen at the level of a program, a division, or an entire organization. Administrators and other staff will need complementary skills in leading and managing organizational change. Staff deserve opportunities to have their unique competencies used to achieve organizational goals. Organizational change involves leading and mobilizing staff to address problems, needs, or opportunities facing the organization by using change processes that involve both human and technical aspects of the organization.

Peasant land tenure of Eastern Galicia in the second half of 19th – early 20th centuries

2019 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Aleksey Topilsky
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Low Income ◽  
New World ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Landless Peasant ◽  
Better Than

We consider the problems of development of small land tenure in Eastern Galicia in the second half of 19th – early of 20th century. We show the dynamics of the property stratification of peasant population, the reasons for the households fragmentation. We characterize the develop-ment of the rural bourgeoisie and the rural proletariat, the growth of the number of small-land and landless peasant households among the Rusyns-Ukrainian population is shown. We show the change in the peasants’ social and economic status, the dynamics of demonstrations related to the problems of land parcelling between landowners and peasants after the serfdom abolition. For the purpose of lands protection the peasants resorted to the demonstrations including, first of all, such forms of fight as disruption of works (performed in the withdrawn territory by woodcutters, shepherds, ploughmen, etc.). We conclude that in Galicia, the vast majority of peasant families could not feed themselves from their land, and therefore a huge number of poor low-income and landless peasants were forced to leave their native land, looking for work mainly in the New World counties and Prussia. We characterize an unequal taxation of the peasant and landowner households. The land cadastre was carried out so that quite identical lands of peasants and landowners were assigned to different categories, always considering peasant lands better than landowners’.

Program Development for Disadvantaged High-Ability Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihyeon Kim ◽  
Jennifer Cross ◽  
Tracy Cross
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
High Ability ◽  
School Students ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Enrichment Program ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
High Ability Students

Examining lessons learned through 4 years of experience of hosting Camp Launch, a university-based residential science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) enrichment program for low-income, high-ability, middle school students, this article explores components of the program and offers suggestions for implementing programs that serve this population. The camp exposes students to a variety of learning activities, including academic classes in STEM area and writing, personal development class, evening classes beyond STEM areas such as art and drama, diverse physical activities, career conference, and field trips. For such a program to be successful, it is critical to find and develop good human resources, including teachers experienced with the population and counselors who are mature and effective communicators. Curriculum must be appropriate for high-ability students, and all staff members should be prepared to work with this special population. A network of collaborators, from university professors to museums, helps to make the program successful.

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