Transporting Urban Inequality through Public Transit Designs & Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn Y. Purifoye
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Large White ◽  
Train Station ◽  
Urban Inequality ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Predominantly Minority ◽  
Bus Stops ◽  
North End

Four large, and often overflowing, dumpsters are situated at one of the more than dozen bus stops at the Chicago Transit Authority's (CTA) Red Line 95th Street/Dan Ryan train station. This station is on the city's far south side and the ridership on the buses that board and disembark there and the train is predominantly minority. On a warm or hot day, the smell of bus engines and dumpster contents fill the waiting areas. One 28–year–old Black male passenger (BMP) noted, as he stood at one of the nearly one dozen (no seating available) bus stops at the station, “In the summer it's really horrible because of the smells, flies, and bees.” He also added that as far as he could remember “they've [the bus stop dumpsters] been here my whole life” (June 2012). His experience at the south end of this train line, which also has a majority minority ridership, is starkly different from the waiting experiences on the far north end of the same line, Howard Street, where the ridership is diverse (with a large white ridership). The north end station is surrounded by shops and restaurants, more open waiting spaces, and places to sit to wait for buses that travel through the adjoining bus depot. There are no bus stop benches at the south end station, even though there are over a dozen buses that use that station's depot.

Notes on the Franciscans in the Huasteca Region of Mexico

1955 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-447
Author(s):  
Joaquín Meade
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Christian Conversion ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Northeastern Mexico

The huasteca region in northeastern Mexico covers sections of the six states of Tamaulipas, Veracruz, San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Puebla, and Querétaro. Its boundaries are approximately the following: to the north the river Soto la Marina, known in the sixteenth century as the Rio de las Palmas; to the south the Rio Cazones; to the east the Gulf of Mexico and to the west the mountainous section of the eastern Sierra Madre.The Christian conversion of the Huasteca began, no doubt, in 1518 with the expedition of Juan de Grijalva, who actually sailed as far north as Tuxpan and Tamiahua in the Huastec region of the state of Veracruz. John Diaz, a priest, accompanied this expedition. In 1519 Francisco de Garay, then in Jamaica, sent Alonso Alvarez de Pineda to Tampico and the Río Panuco, where he stayed some time and made contact with the Huastecs who belong to the great Maya family.

Sur la stratigraphie et la tectonique du groupe du Jebel Musa (Rif septentrional, Maroc)

1963 ◽  
Vol S7-V (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Durand Delga ◽  
Michel Villiaumey
Keyword(s):  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Jurassic Limestone ◽  
North End

Abstract The allochthonous Musa group of upper Triassic shale, Jurassic limestone, dolomite, marl, and radiolarite, and Cretaceous to Paleogene clastics lies upon Senonian (upper Cretaceous) autochthonous marl and shale of the Tangier massif at the north end of the Rif mountains in Morocco. The group more closely resembles the formations of the Gibraltar area than nearby formations to the south in Morocco. The significance of the Beliounis flysch, believed to be of Cretaceous to Oligocene age, is unexplained. It may be a remnant of the cover of the Musa group although presence of other facies of the same age in the area contradicts this possibility.

Studies on Flight Range and Dispersal Habits of Aedes flavescens (Müller) (Diptera: Culicidae) Tagged with Radio-phosphorus

1955 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Shemanchuk ◽  
F. J. H. Fredeen ◽  
A. M. Kristjanson
Keyword(s):  
Western Canada ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
The South ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Flight Range ◽  
Blood Sucking

In Western Canada, Aedes flavescens (Müller) is found mainly on the prairie, where it is one of the commonest of the blood-sucking pests of livestock and man. It has also been taken as far north as Churchill, Man., and Alaska (Rempel, 1950). Information on its flight range is useful in planning control programs. Field and laboratory studies on the flight range of this species, with radio-active phosphorous for tagging, were conducted at Saskatoon and Indi, Sask., in 1952. The project area is almost flat in the north and west and rolling in the south and east; the Blackstrap Valley separates the two topographical areas.

scholarly journals On the anomalous magnetic action of hot iron between the white and blood-red heat

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 164-164
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
The South ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
The North ◽  
Magnetic Attraction ◽  
Hard Steel ◽  
Malleable Iron ◽  
Magnetic Action ◽  
Cold Iron ◽  
North End

Finding the attractive power of soft malleable iron and steel for a magnet greater than that of cast-iron and hard steel, the author was desirous of ascertaining the effect of heating these bodies in a furnace, so as to render them perfectly soft, upon their magnetic power. With this view the bars were rendered white-hot, and being placed in the direction of the dip, their powers were found nearly equal. It was however found that there was a point between the white heat, at which all magnetic action was lost, and the blood -red heat, at which it was strongest, at which the iron attracted the needle the contrary way to which it did when cold; viz. if the bar and compass were so placed that the north end of the needle was drawn to it when cold, the south end was attracted during the interval above mentioned. The author then proceeds to detail some further experiments in illustration of this anomalous magnetic action, from which it appears that the quantity of magnetic attraction at a red heat is influenced by the height or depth of the centre of the bar from the compass; and as the natural effect of the cold iron was changed by placing the compass below the centre of the bar, it became a question how far the negative attraction was also changed. To decide, the compass was lowered to within six inches of the bottom of the bar, when the cold iron produced a deviation of 21°, by attracting the south end of the needle. At a white heat its power ceased ; but as this subsided to bright red the negative attraction amounted to 101/2°, the north end of the needle being attracted to the iron; it then gradually returned to due north, and ultimately to 70° 30' on the opposite side.

scholarly journals Nigeria: A Country Profile

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ikechi Onah
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The South ◽  
Central Belt ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Nigeria is a sovereign country located in the area of West Africa bordering on the Gulf of Guinea. The country has a total area of 923, 769sq km (a little more than twice the size of California). Its physical size makes Nigeria the third largest country in Sub-Saharan Africa. The country’s terrain consists of the lowlands in the South with mountainous formations in the South-east, which merge into the hills and plateaus of the Central belt and the plains of the far north. The climate varies from the largely equatorial climates in the South to the tropical climates in the centre and the North (Ekoko, 1990). It is also the most populous country in Africa, with a population of about 160 million (2006 census), and a population growth rate estimate of 3%. The country is bordered on the west by the Republic of Benin and the Republic of Cameroon, on the south by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the north by Niger Republic and the Republic of Chad. Nigeria is endowed with numerous natural resources, the most important being petroleum and natural gas, found in the Niger Delta areas of the country. Coal, iron ore, tin, limestone, zinc, lead, gold, precious stones, and uranium are found across the country.There are many ethnic groups, roughly categorized into the majority ethnic groups and the minority ethnic groups. The majority groups are namely, the Hausa-Fulani of the North, the Yoruba of the South-west, and the Igbo of the South-east. The hundreds of so-called minority ethnic groups include the Igala, Tiv, Idoma, Junkun, Angas, Birom and others in the Central-belt, the Edo, Urhobo and Itshekiri in the Mid-west, the Ijaw, Efik, Ibibio and Ogoni in the South-south, and the Kanuri, Gwari and Kataf of the far-North. On the whole, it is estimated that the country has more than 250 ethnic groups (Osaghae, 1998). English is the official language in Nigeria, by virtue of the country being a former colony of Britain. Christianity, Islam and traditional beliefs are the religions in the country, and although there is no state religion, the various tiers of government in the country are often involved in aspects of some of these religions, including state sponsorships of annual Muslim and Christian pilgrimages to the Holy lands.    

A Late Minoan III ‘kitchen’ at Makritikhos (Knossos) (Knossos Survey 90)

1959 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 182-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinclair Hood ◽  
Piet de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Ground Level ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
The South ◽  
Deep Trench ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
High Bank ◽  
Small Room ◽  
North End

In the summer of 1951 N. Dadoudis, while digging a deep trench to bury stones from a plot of land belonging to him on the east edge of Makritikhos village, about 250 metres north of the Palace of Minos, found a complete Minoan amphora (Plan, Fig. 5, no. 3). He reported this discovery to the Ephor of Antiquities for Crete, Dr. N. Platon, who invited Piet de Jong, then the School's Curator at Knossos, to examine the area. Excavation revealed a small room, against the east wall of which the amphora had evidently once stood. The room was cleared by Piet de Jong assisted later by Sinclair Hood. To judge from the character of the vases found in it, the room might have been used as a kitchen.The ground on the edge of Makritikhos village here slopes steeply down through a series of terraces to the bed of the Kairatos stream about 40 metres to the east. The ‘Kitchen’ lay just below a high bank, forming the western boundary of the plot of ground, with the natural rock exposed at the north end and Minoan house walls showing in it to the south. There seems to have been a marked slope down towards the north as well as to the east here in Minoan times. The wall a–a (Fig. 2) at the north end of the original trench dug by Dadoudis, of squared limestone blocks measuring up to about half a metre in length and 0–35 thick, lay at a lower level than the Kitchen, although it appeared to be of the same period with it. A roughly constructed wall b–b south of a–a may have supported a terrace marking this change in ground level. The corner d–d of another, presumably contemporary, house built of squared limestone blocks was exposed in the south part of the original trench.

The Persistence of Southern Cult Gorgets among the Historic Kansa

1956 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Howard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Human Face ◽  
The South ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Outer Whorl ◽  
Shaped Section

Shell gorgets in the shape of a human face are well-known artifacts of the North American archaeological complex often termed the “Southern Cult.” These gorgets were usually made of a pear-shaped section of the outer whorl of the shell of the whelk (Busycon perversum). Though the whelk is found only on the South Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States, gorgets of this material have been found as far north as Manitoba and Saskatchewan (Montgomery 1908).Recently the writer, in reading ethnographic accounts of the Kansa, was surprised to find descriptions, together with one native drawing, of what are very likely Southern Cult gorgets, used in Kansa war-bundle ceremonies as late as 1883. Since no one, so far as is known, has pointed out the persistence of th's archaeological trait in historic Kansa culture, a few notes are perhaps appropriate.The earlier of the 2 accounts, and one which is liable to be overlooked by most anthropologists, is J. Owen Dorsey's “Mourning and War Customs of the Kansas” (1885).

Preliminary Report of the Second Survey Season at Gebel El-Haridi, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Surface Material ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
North End

The second survey season at Gebel el-Haridi concentrated on a series of mud-brick ruins and rock-cut features near the north end of Abu el-Nasr. The results of an extensive mapping project and pottery survey revealed an enclosed settlement and cemetery with surface material dating from the second and the sixth centuries AD. This settlement has been tentatively identified as a monastery. Preliminary analysis was also undertaken on building remains in front of Quarry E at the south end of Gebel Abu el-Nasr. Both architecture and surface material were distinctly different to those of the enclosed settlement on the lower slopes, with well-preserved terrace platforms and thicker mud-brick superstructures.

2. Note on the recent frequent occurrence of the Lunar Rainbow.

1857 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
George Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Thursday Evening ◽  
Westerly Direction ◽  
North End

The frequent occurrence of this phenomenon lately suggests the idea, whether it be any way connected with the relation of the atmosphere to an electric or other condition.On Thursday evening last, at 7 o'clock, I observed a very beautiful rainbow, from Duke Street, extending in a brilliant and unbroken arch in a westerly direction; the south end springing from the west end of Queen Street, and the north end stretching to the eastern extremity of Abercromby Place, comprising a space in the horizon of 60° or 70°, and rising 16° or 18° in altitude.

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