Spatial Dimensions of Social Capital

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk A. Foster ◽  
Ronald Pitner ◽  
Darcy A. Freedman ◽  
Bethany A. Bell ◽  
Todd C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
High Poverty Neighborhood ◽  
Neighborhood Boundaries

The neighborhood context affects social capital, yet scholars do not adequately account for the dynamic nature of the social spaces people occupy in measuring social capital. Research has focused on neighborhood effects as though the neighborhood space is fixed across all inhabitants without regard for the ways individuals define their neighborhoods considering their own spatial location and social interactions. Using a neighborhood–level social capital measure, we examine the relationship between cognitive neighborhood boundaries and social capital in residents (N = 135) of two public housing communities in a Southern urban city. As collective efficacy (bonding social capital) increased so too did the predicted size of one's cognitive neighborhood. GIS maps demonstrated that participant boundaries included areas of commerce and services necessary to build and maintain social capital. Larger cognitive neighborhoods suggest one may interact with a wider array of people to achieve instrumental and expressive returns despite the high–poverty neighborhood context.

scholarly journals Biological embedding of neighborhood disadvantage and collective efficacy: Influences on chronic illness via accelerated cardiometabolic age

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1797-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man-Kit Lei ◽  
Steven R. H. Beach ◽  
Ronald L. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Neighborhood Disadvantage ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Neighborhood Collective Efficacy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe present study extends prior research on the link between neighborhood disadvantage and chronic illness by testing an integrated model in which neighborhood characteristics exert effects on health conditions through accelerated cardiometabolic aging. Hypotheses were tested using a sample of 408 African Americans from the Family and Community Health Study. Using four waves of data spanning young adulthood (ages 18–29), we first found durable effects of neighborhood disadvantage on accelerated cardiometabolic aging and chronic illness. Then, we used marginal structural modeling to adjust for potential neighborhood selection effects. As expected, accelerated cardiometabolic aging was the biopsychosocial mechanism that mediated much of the association between neighborhood disadvantage and chronic illness. This finding provides additional support for the view that neighborhood disadvantage can influence morbidity and mortality by creating social contexts that becomes biologically embedded. Perceived neighborhood collective efficacy served to buffer the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and biological aging, identifying neighborhood-level resilience factor. Overall, our results indicate that neighborhood context serves as a fundamental cause of weathering and accelerated biological aging. Residing in a disadvantaged neighborhood increases biological wear and tear that ultimately leads to onset of chronic illness, but access to perceived collective efficacy buffers the impact of these neighborhood effects. From an intervention standpoint, identifying such an integrated model may help inform future health-promoting interventions.

A Multilevel Analysis of Collective Efficacy, Neighborhood Disorder, and Individual Social Capital on Avoidance Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 994-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Hardyns ◽  
Thom Snaphaan ◽  
Lieven J. R. Pauwels ◽  
Veerle Vyncke ◽  
Sara Willems
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Neighborhood Disorder ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Individual Social Capital ◽  
The Impact

The principal aim of this multilevel study was to assess the impact of collective efficacy and disorder, as neighborhood characteristics, and individual social capital on an individual’s avoidance behavior, independent of the neighborhood composition. The theoretical backdrop to the present study integrates insights from social capital theory, collective efficacy theory, and broken windows theory. The multilevel model is based on an individual-level questionnaire of inhabitants ( N = 2,730) and a neighborhood-level questionnaire of key informants in neighborhoods in Ghent, Belgium ( N = 142). The results suggest small but significant neighborhood effects on an individual’s avoidance behavior. Individuals with lower levels of individual social capital and who live in neighborhoods with higher levels of disorder report more avoidance behavior.

Socio-cultural Resource for Kazakhstan Modernization

2012 ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stavinskaya ◽  
E. Nikishina
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Cultural Features

The opportunities of the competitive advantages use of the social and cultural capital for pro-modernization institutional reforms in Kazakhstan are considered in the article. Based on a number of sociological surveys national-specific features of the cultural capital are marked, which can encourage the country's social and economic development: bonding social capital, propensity for taking executive positions (not ordinary), mobility and adaptability (characteristic for nomad cultures), high value of education. The analysis shows the resources of the productive use of these socio-cultural features.

Bonding Social Capital, Afghan Refugees, and Early Access to Employment

2021 ◽  
pp. 019791832110002
Author(s):  
Matteo Vergani ◽  
Ihsan Yilmaz ◽  
Greg Barton ◽  
James Barry ◽  
Galib Bashirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Employment Success ◽  
The Third ◽  
Early Access ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Impact

This IMR Research Note examines the impact of the level of bonding social capital on access to employment among newly arrived Afghan refugees in Victoria (Australia). Based on a mixed-methods analysis of biographical interviews with 80 Afghan refugees, it examines their use of social capital, year by year, during the first three years after their arrival. Our analysis shows that higher levels of bonding social capital are associated with greater success in finding employment during the first and second year of settlement. In the third year, however, bonding social capital for Afghan refugees in Victoria is no longer a significant predictor of employment. This Research Note helps clarify inconsistent findings in the literature on the effects of social capital on obtaining employment by suggesting that bonding social capital’s impact on refugee employment success changes significantly across the first three years after arrival. This finding has important implications for migration policy and the prioritization of resources toward services for newly arrived refugees.

scholarly journals Social capital and economic growth in the regions of Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2110000
Author(s):  
Jonathan Muringani ◽  
Rune D Fitjar ◽  
Andrés Rodríguez-Pose
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital

Social capital is an important factor explaining differences in economic growth among regions. However, the key distinction between bonding social capital, which can lead to lock-in and myopia, and bridging social capital, which promotes knowledge flows across diverse groups, has been overlooked in growth research. In this paper, we address this shortcoming by examining how bonding and bridging social capital affect regional economic growth, using data for 190 regions in 21 EU countries, covering eight waves of the European Social Survey between 2002 and 2016. The findings confirm that bridging social capital is linked to higher levels of regional economic growth. Bonding social capital is highly correlated with bridging social capital and associated with lower growth when this is controlled for. We do not find significantly different effects of bonding social capital in regions with more or less bridging social capital, or vice versa. We examine the interaction between social and human capital, finding that bridging social capital is fundamental for stimulating economic growth, especially in low-skilled regions. Human capital also moderates the relationship between bonding social capital and growth, reducing the negative externalities imposed by excessive bonding.

Social Media and Regionalism in South Korean Voting Behavior: The Case of the 19th South Korean Presidential Election

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 1840006
Author(s):  
JAE MOOK LEE ◽  
YOUNGDEUK PARK ◽  
GI DONG KIM
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Independent Effects

This study examines the moderating effects of social media use on regionalist voting behavior in South Korea. Analyzing the survey data conducted during the 2017 Korean presidential election, we test how social media functions in electoral processes, particularly with respect to region-based voting in the Korean electorate. The findings of this study reveal that social media use affects region-based voting behavior among the Korean electorate by connecting people with different regional backgrounds in online political communication. That is, social media use can create “bridging” social capital rather than “bonding” social capital in society. In this respect, results differ significantly from findings in the 2012 presidential election. In 2012, only the independent effects of social media existed with a liberal bias, without revealing interaction with regional dummies. These independent effects disappeared in 2017, and different kinds of social media were statistically significant only when they functioned as moderating variables for regional dummies. This implies that as the functions of social media in the Korean election process have evolved in more complexity, they now are able to affect progressive as well as conservative voters.

scholarly journals Understanding the Potential Influence of WeChat Engagement on Bonding Capital, Bridging Capital and Electronic Word-of-Mouth Intention

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8489
Author(s):  
Hua Pang ◽  
Jingying Wang ◽  
Xiang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Capital

As the most prevalent social media platform in mainland China, WeChat enables interpersonal communication among users and serves as an innovative marketing platform for enterprises to interact with consumers. Although numerous studies have investigated the antecedents of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), WeChat users’ specific behaviors still receive limited academic attention. Drawing from social capital theory and social exchange theory, this article develops a model to systematically explore three differentiated types of WeChat behaviors and their association with users’ social capital and e-WOM intention. The conceptual model is explicitly evaluated by utilizing web-based data gathered from 271 young people. Obtained results demonstrate the path effects indicating that: (1) WeChat use behaviors such as seeking, sharing, and liking can positively influence bonding social capital, while only the impacts of sharing and liking on bridging social capital are significant; (2) bonding and bridging social capital are both significant predictors of e-WOM intention, and bonding social capital is the more influential of the two; (3) bonding social capital partially mediates the effect of seeking on e-WOM intention. These findings are eloquent for researchers and operators to further grasp the increasing importance of WeChat adoption and social capital on young generations’ e-WOM intention in the evolving digital age.

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