Adolescent use of combined hormonal contraception and peak bone mineral density accrual: A meta-analysis of international prospective controlled studies

This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of small-sided games (SSG)-based training programs on bone mineral density (BMD) in untrained adults. The data sources utilized were Cochrane, Embase, Medline (PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The study eligibility criteria were: (i) untrained adults (>18 years old) of any sex, with or without a noncommunicable disease; (ii) SSG-based programs with a minimum duration of four weeks and no restrictions regarding frequency (number of sessions per week); (iii) passive or active control groups; (iv) pre-post values of BMD; (v) only randomized controlled trials; and (vi) only original and full-text studies written in English. The database search initially yielded 374 titles. From those, nine articles were eligible for the systematic review and meta-analysis. The age of included population varied from a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 71 years old. Non-significant differences between SSG and passive and active control groups on total BMD (ES = 0.14; p = 0.405 and ES = 0.28; p = 0.05, respectively). Meanwhile, significant differences in favor of SSGs vs. passive and control groups were detected, evidencing an improvement of BMD in lower limbs of the adult population for both sexes (ES = 0.26; p = 0.05 and ES = 0.28; p = 0.156, respectively). As conclusions, SSGs can be used as a non-pharmacological alternative to increase the BMD in the lower limbs despite having no significant impact on total body BMD. Careful generalization should be done of the level of heterogeneity.

Download Full-text

Retraction Note: Associations between VDR Gene Polymorphisms and Osteoporosis Risk and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88654-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Liang Zhang ◽

Xin Yin ◽

Jingcheng Wang ◽

Daolinag Xu ◽

Yongxiang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Vdr Gene ◽

Vdr Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Osteoporosis Risk

Editor's Note: this Article has been retracted; the Retraction Note is available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88654-1.

Download Full-text

Is denosumab associated with an increased risk for infection in patients with low bone mineral density? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1111/1756-185x.14101 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brett Catton ◽

Salman Surangiwala ◽

Tanveer Towheed

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Low Bone Mineral Density ◽

Increased Risk

Download Full-text

The relation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D with peak bone mineral density and body composition in healthy young adults

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem.2011.052 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (5-6) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Annemieke M. Boot ◽

Eric P. Krenning ◽

Sabine M.P.F. de Muinck Keizer-Schrama

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Young Adults ◽

Body Composition ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Peak Bone Mineral Density ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Download Full-text

The Effect of Hormonal Oral Contraception on Acquisition of Peak Bone Mineral Density of Adolescents and Young Women

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/0897190012442066 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 331-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Susan Ziglar ◽

Tracy S. Hunter

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Young Women ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

Critical Time ◽

Health Concern ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Peak Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mass Accrual

Maximizing bone mass in youth is touted as the best strategy to offset the natural losses of aging and the menopausal transition. Not achieving maximum peak bone mineral density (BMD) is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis and thus a public health concern. Adolescence is a critical time of bone mineralization mediated by endogenous estradiol. Research has shown that the highest velocity of bone mass accrual occurs 1 year before menarche and after the first 3 years. Low-peak attainment of BMD in young women is associated with contributing factors such as diets low in calcium, eating disorders, lack of exercise, smoking, and low estrogen states. Oral contraceptives (OCs) suppress endogenous estradiol production by suppressing the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. Thus, OCs, by replacing endogenous estradiol with ethinyl estradiol (EE), establish and maintain new hormone levels. The early initiation and the use of very low dose of EE raises the possibility that bone mass accrual at a critical time of bone mineralization in young women or adolescents may be jeopardized. This review examines the studies of BMD in adolescents and young women that use combination hormonal contraception. Some studies had inherent limitations, such as small trial, poor control of confounders, failure to exclude women with prior use of hormonal contraceptives, or prior pregnancy from control groups. The vast majority of reviewed studies showed OCs containing 20 to 30 µg of EE interfere with acquisition of peak BMD. Limited numbers of studies examine the effects of OCs containing 35 µg on adolescents and young adults. Additionally, studies are needed evaluating the progestin component of OCs as their differing androgenic properties may affect bone mineralization as well.

Download Full-text