Night Awakening and Its Association With Executive Functioning Across the First Two Years of Life

Tiina E. Mäkelä; Mikko J. Peltola; Outi Saarenpää‐Heikkilä; Sari‐Leena Himanen; Tiina Paunio; E. Juulia Paavonen; Anneli Kylliäinen

doi:10.1111/cdev.13326

Night Awakening and Its Association With Executive Functioning Across the First Two Years of Life

Child Development ◽

10.1111/cdev.13326 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 91 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tiina E. Mäkelä ◽

Mikko J. Peltola ◽

Outi Saarenpää‐Heikkilä ◽

Sari‐Leena Himanen ◽

Tiina Paunio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Functioning ◽

Night Awakening

Download Full-text

The Cortisol Response to Normal and Nocturnal Awakening

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027//0269-8803.14.1.24 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 24-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

F. Hucklebridge ◽

A. Clow ◽

H. Rahman ◽

P. Evans

Keyword(s):

Area Under The Curve ◽

Secretory Activity ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Cortisol Response ◽

The Awakening ◽

Basal Cortisol ◽

Free Cortisol ◽

Main Effect ◽

Nocturnal Awakening ◽

Night Awakening

Abstract Free cortisol as measured in saliva increases markedly following awakening. It is not clear, however, whether this is truly a stress-neuroendocrine response to awakening or a manifestation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) circadian cycle. We investigated whether the awakening cortisol response can be generated in the middle of nocturnal sleep, when secretory activity in the HPA axis is low. In a within subject design, salivary cortisol response was measured under three different awakening conditions: (1) awakening at the normal morning awakening time; (2) awakening four hours prior to normal awakening time, and (3) awakening the following morning after interrupted sleep. The overall main effect was a linear increase in free cortisol following awakening with no significant interaction with awakening condition. Cortisol levels, as determined by area under the cortisol curve calculated with reference to zero, did differ by awakening condition. The two morning awakening conditions were comparable but values were lower for night awakening. Area under the curve change (calculated with reference to the first awakening cortisol base value), however, did not distinguish the three awakening conditions. We conclude from these data that there is a clear free cortisol response to awakening for both nocturnal and morning awakening although the absolute levels produced are lower for nocturnal awakening when basal cortisol is low. Nocturnal interruption of sleep did not affect the subsequent morning response.

Download Full-text

French Adaptation of the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI)

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000141 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 149-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Corinne Catale ◽

Caroline Lejeune ◽

Sarah Merbah ◽

Thierry Meulemans

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Cognitive Measures ◽

Factor Solution ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Rating Instrument ◽

Functioning Inventory ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Thorell and Nyberg (2008 ) recently developed the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI), a new rating instrument for executive functioning in day-to-day life which can be divided into four subscales: working memory, planning, inhibition, and regulation. Using an exploratory factor analysis on data from young Swedish children attending kindergarten, Thorell and Nyberg (2008 ) found a two-factor solution that taps working memory and inhibition. In the present study, we explored the psychometric characteristics of the French adaptation of the CHEXI. A group of 95 parents of 5- and 6-year-old children completed the CHEXI, 87 of whom were given clinical inhibition and working memory tasks. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the two-factor solution based on inhibition and working memory that was identified in the original study of Swedish children. Supplementary results indicated good internal and test-retest reliability for the entire scale, as well as for the two subscales identified. Correlation analyses showed no relationship between cognitive measures and the CHEXI subscales. Possible clinical applications for the CHEXI scales are discussed.

Download Full-text