Response to “Evaluating World Health Organization Essential Medicines List for Skin Disease”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P. Joshi ◽  
V. Ren
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Essential Medicines List ◽  
Health Organization

Evaluating World Health Organization Essential Medicines List for Skin Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.W. Rundle ◽  
A.P. Fortugno ◽  
J. Maghfour ◽  
C.L. Presley ◽  
K. Pulsipher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Essential Medicines List ◽  
Health Organization

scholarly journals Classification of WHO Essential Oral Medicines for Children Applying a Provisional Pediatric Biopharmaceutics Classification System

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose-Manuel delMoral-Sanchez ◽  
Isabel Gonzalez-Alvarez ◽  
Marta Gonzalez-Alvarez ◽  
Andres Navarro ◽  
Marival Bermejo
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Biopharmaceutics Classification System ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Essential Medicines List ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Biopharmaceutics Classification

The objective was using the Essential Medicines List for children by the World Health Organization (WHO) to create a pediatric biopharmaceutics classification system (pBCS) of the oral drugs included in the Essential Medicines List by the World Health Organization and to compare our results with the BCS for adults (aBCS). Several methods to estimate the oral drug dose in different pediatric groups were used to calculate dose number (Do) and solubility (high/low). The estimation of the gastrointestinal water volume was adapted to each pediatric group. Provisional permeability classification was done by comparison of each drug lipophilicity versus metoprolol as the model drug of high permeability. As a result, 24.5% of the included drugs moved from the favorable to unfavorable class (i.e., from high to low solubility). Observed changes point out potential differences in product performance in pediatrics compared to adults, due to changes in the limiting factors for absorption. BCS Class Changes 1 to 2 or 3 to 4 are indicative of drugs that could be more sensitive to the choice of appropriate excipient in the development process. Validating a pBCS for each age group would provide a valuable tool to apply in specific pediatric formulation design by reducing time and costs and avoiding unnecessary pediatric experiments restricted due to ethical reasons. Additionally, pBCS could minimize the associated risks to the use of adult medicines or pharmaceutical compound formulations.

Treatment of acute migraine attacks in children with analgesics on the World Health Organization Essential Medicines List: A systematic review and GRADE evidence synthesis

Cephalalgia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1592-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milka Jeric ◽  
Nives Surjan ◽  
Antonia Jelicic Kadic ◽  
Nicoletta Riva ◽  
Livia Puljak
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Acute Migraine ◽  
Essential Medicines List ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background The World Health Organization Essential Medicines List (WHO EML) contains two analgesics for treatment of acute migraine attacks in children, ibuprofen and paracetamol. Methods The Embase, CDSR, CENTRAL, DARE and MEDLINE databases were searched up to 18 April 2017. We analyzed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews (SRs) that investigate the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen or paracetamol for treatment of acute migraine attacks in children. We conducted meta-analysis and assessments of evidence with GRADE, Cochrane risk of bias tool, and AMSTAR. Results Three RCTs (201 children) and 10 SRs on ibuprofen and/or paracetamol for acute migraine attacks in children were included. Meta-analysis indicated that ibuprofen was superior to placebo for pain-free at 2 h or pain relief at 2 h, without difference in adverse events. There were no differences between paracetamol and placebo, or ibuprofen and paracetamol. Ten SRs that analyzed various therapies for migraine in children were published between 2004 and 2016, with discordant conclusions. Conclusion Limited data from poor quality RCTs indicate that ibuprofen and paracetamol might be effective analgesics for treating migraine attacks in children. Inclusion of ibuprofen and paracetamol as antimigraine medicines for children in the WHO EML is supported by indirect evidence from studies in adults.

scholarly journals 519 Evaluating world health organization essential medicines list for dermatologic disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. S71
Author(s):  
C.W. Rundle ◽  
A. Fortugno ◽  
O. Chosidow ◽  
L. Naldi ◽  
R. Hay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Essential Medicines List ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Dermatologic Disease

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical procurement among public sector procurers in CARICOM

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Charles Preston ◽  
Claire King ◽  
Maryam Hinds ◽  
Francis Burnett ◽  
Rian Marie Extavour
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
North America ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Rational Use Of Medicines ◽  
Essential Medicines List ◽  
Pharmaceutical Procurement ◽  
Health Organization

Objective. To examine multiple aspects of the medicines in CARICOM procurement markets, including manufacturer headquarters location, regulatory history, and type (innovator versus generic); the proportion of World Health Organization (WHO) essential medicines; and the most expensive medicines procured. Method. An analysis of procurement information from selected CARICOM procurers. Four public sector procurement lists were obtained based on public availability or sharing of data from public sector procurers. Analyses were based on parameters available or deduced from these data. Results. The majority of products come from manufacturers headquartered in North America and Europe (63%–67%). The percentage of medicines procured from generic companies is 60%–87%; and 25%–50% of medicines procured are on the WHO Essential Medicines List. Wide price variations exist in the most expensive medicines purchased. Conclusions. The analysis identifies vulnerabilities and opportunities in the procurement situation of CARICOM states, particularly related to quality and rational use of medicines. This analysis represents a baseline that governments and other stakeholders can use in the future.

scholarly journals A critical comparison between the World Health Organization list of essential medicines for children and the Brazilian list of essential medicines (Rename)

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Helena Lutéscia L. Coelho ◽  
Luís Carlos Rey ◽  
Marina S.G. de Medeiros ◽  
Ronaldo A. Barbosa ◽  
Said G. da Cruz Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Medicines For Children

Persisting pain in childhood medical illness

2013 ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
Martha Mherekumombe ◽  
John J. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Medicines For Children

Persisting pain in the context of medical illness has been recognized recently as a global problem by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2012). Whilst the epidemiology of medical illness varies throughout the world, the general principles of pain management are applicable to most medical illnesses in children and are effective. Successful pain management for most children is contingent on the availability of the WHO model list of essential medicines for children (WHO, 2011), although regrettably not all medicines are available in every country in the world.

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