scholarly journals Co‐reactivation of the human herpesvirus alpha subfamily (herpes simplex virus‐1 and varicella zoster virus) in a critically ill patient with COVID‐19

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Xu ◽  
Y. Zhou ◽  
L. Cai ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
J. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Simplex Virus

Herpesvirus Infections

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Herpes Infection ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Human Herpesviruses

The herpes group of viruses is composed of at least eight human viruses and numerous animal viruses. The human herpesviruses include herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human herpesvirus types 6 (HHV-6), 7 (HHV-7), and 8 (HHV-8, also known as Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus). Human herpesviruses share the properties of latency and reactivation. Members of the group can cause productive lytic infections, in which infectious virus is produced and cells are killed, or nonproductive lytic infections, in which viral DNA persists but complete replication does not occur and cells survive. After acute lytic infections, herpesviruses often persist in a latent form for years; periodic reactivations are followed by recurrent lytic infections. Sites of latency vary: HSV and VZV persist in neural ganglion cells, EBV persists in B cells, and CMV probably remains latent in many cell types. The sites of latency for HHV-6 and HHV-7 have not been identified, although both herpesviruses have been detected in salivary glands. All human herpesviruses have a worldwide distribution. Considerable efforts are being directed toward the development of vaccines and antiviral agents that will be active against herpesviruses. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus and their clinical syndromes. The descriptions of the clinical syndromes include complications and clinical features, as well as descriptions of symptoms. Tables provide information on chemotherapy for primary genital and mucocutaneous herpes infection, suppression of severe and recurring genital herpes infection, and varicella-zoster infection. Figures provide photographic illustrations of the various clinical syndromes. A sidebar about herpesvirus information on the Internet provides further detail. This review contains 123 references, 4 tables, and 6 highly rendered figures.

Herpesvirus Infections

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Herpes Infection ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Human Herpesviruses

The herpes group of viruses is composed of at least eight human viruses and numerous animal viruses. The human herpesviruses include herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human herpesvirus types 6 (HHV-6), 7 (HHV-7), and 8 (HHV-8, also known as Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus). Human herpesviruses share the properties of latency and reactivation. Members of the group can cause productive lytic infections, in which infectious virus is produced and cells are killed, or nonproductive lytic infections, in which viral DNA persists but complete replication does not occur and cells survive. After acute lytic infections, herpesviruses often persist in a latent form for years; periodic reactivations are followed by recurrent lytic infections. Sites of latency vary: HSV and VZV persist in neural ganglion cells, EBV persists in B cells, and CMV probably remains latent in many cell types. The sites of latency for HHV-6 and HHV-7 have not been identified, although both herpesviruses have been detected in salivary glands. All human herpesviruses have a worldwide distribution. Considerable efforts are being directed toward the development of vaccines and antiviral agents that will be active against herpesviruses. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus and their clinical syndromes. The descriptions of the clinical syndromes include complications and clinical features, as well as descriptions of symptoms. Tables provide information on chemotherapy for primary genital and mucocutaneous herpes infection, suppression of severe and recurring genital herpes infection, and varicella-zoster infection. Figures provide photographic illustrations of the various clinical syndromes. A sidebar about herpesvirus information on the Internet provides further detail. This review contains 123 references, 4 tables, and 6 highly rendered figures.

scholarly journals Frequency and Abundance of Alphaherpesvirus DNA in Human Thoracic Sympathetic Ganglia

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (14) ◽  
pp. 8189-8192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Nagel ◽  
April Rempel ◽  
Jonathon Huntington ◽  
Forrest Kim ◽  
Alexander Choe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Visceral Disease ◽  
Hsv 1

Alphaherpesvirus reactivation from thoracic sympathetic ganglia (TSG) and transaxonal spread to target organs cause human visceral disease. Yet alphaherpesvirus latency in TSG has not been well characterized. In this study, quantitative PCR detected varicella-zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), and HSV-2 DNA in 117 fresh TSG obtained postmortem from 15 subjects. VZV DNA was found in 76 (65%) ganglia from all subjects, HSV-1 DNA was found in 5 (4%) ganglia from 3 subjects, and no HSV-2 was found.

scholarly journals Longitudinal study on oral shedding of herpes simplex virus 1 and varicella-zoster virus in individuals infected with HIV

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 1669-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique van Velzen ◽  
Werner J.D. Ouwendijk ◽  
Stacy Selke ◽  
Suzan D. Pas ◽  
Freek B. van Loenen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Simplex Virus

Herpes Simplex Virus-1 and Varicella-Zoster Virus Latency in Ganglia

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley M Mitchell ◽  
David C Bloom ◽  
Randall J Cohrs ◽  
Donald H Gilden ◽  
Peter GE Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Simplex Virus
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