Obesity and frontal-striatal brain structures in offspring of individuals with bipolar disorder: Results from the global mood and brain science initiative

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo B Mansur ◽  
Roger S McIntyre ◽  
Bo Cao ◽  
Yena Lee ◽  
Letícia Japiassú ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Science Initiative

BDNF and BMI effects on brain structures of bipolar offspring: results from the global mood and brain science initiative

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Mansur ◽  
E. Brietzke ◽  
R. S. McIntyre ◽  
B. Cao ◽  
Y. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structures ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Science Initiative

Adverse effects of obesity on cognitive functions in individuals at ultra high risk for bipolar disorder: Results from the global mood and brain science initiative

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. McIntyre ◽  
Rodrigo B. Mansur ◽  
Yena Lee ◽  
Letícia Japiassú ◽  
Kun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Science Initiative

scholarly journals Flexible annotation atlas of the mouse brain: combining and dividing brain structures of the Allen Brain Atlas while maintaining anatomical hierarchy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Takata ◽  
Nobuhiko Sato ◽  
Yuji Komaki ◽  
Hideyuki Okano ◽  
Kenji F. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Brain Atlas ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Large Brain ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Function

AbstractA brain atlas is necessary for analyzing structure and function in neuroimaging research. Although various annotation volumes (AVs) for the mouse brain have been proposed, it is common in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the mouse brain that regions-of-interest (ROIs) for brain structures (nodes) are created arbitrarily according to each researcher’s necessity, leading to inconsistent ROIs among studies. One reason for such a situation is the fact that earlier AVs were fixed, i.e. combination and division of nodes were not implemented. This report presents a pipeline for constructing a flexible annotation atlas (FAA) of the mouse brain by leveraging public resources of the Allen Institute for Brain Science on brain structure, gene expression, and axonal projection. A mere two-step procedure with user-specified, text-based information and Python codes constructs FAA with nodes which can be combined or divided objectively while maintaining anatomical hierarchy of brain structures. Four FAAs with total node count of 4, 101, 866, and 1381 were demonstrated. Unique characteristics of FAA realized analysis of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) across the anatomical hierarchy and among cortical layers, which were thin but large brain structures. FAA can improve the consistency of whole brain ROI definition among laboratories by fulfilling various requests from researchers with its flexibility and reproducibility.

scholarly journals Polygenic risk score for bipolar disorder associates with divergent thinking and brain structures in the prefrontal cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikaru Takeuchi ◽  
Ryosuke Kimura ◽  
Hiroaki Tomita ◽  
Yasuyuki Taki ◽  
Yoshie Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Brain Structures and Functional Connectivity among Patients with Bipolar I Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Yang Li ◽  
Shih-Jen Tsai ◽  
Albert C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Bipolar I Disorder ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
And Function

Objectives: Studies have demonstrated that sex differences may play a crucial role in the alternations of brain structures in individuals with bipolar disorder, but findings are not consistent. The current study identified sex differences in brain structure and function among a large sample of individuals with bipolar I disorder (BD-I). Methods: Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets were acquired from 105 individuals with BD-I (36 men and 69 women) and 210 healthy adults (72 men and 138 women). A general linear regression model was used for voxel-wise analysis of grey matter (GM) and functional connectivity. Age, sex, diagnosis, and sex-by-diagnosis interaction were defined as predictors. Results: In GM, the left caudate (p < .001), left thalamus (p < .001), right caudate (p = .003), right thalamus (p < .001), left anterior cingulate gyrus (p = .015), and left middle/posterior cingulate gyrus (p = .022) exhibited sex-by-diagnosis interaction. Furthermore, by using these six brain regions as seeds, we observed sex-by-diagnosis interaction in the alteration of functional connectivity between the left thalamus and right angular gyrus (p = .019). Conclusions: Our data revealed a sex-by-diagnosis interaction associated with structure and function of the limbic system in individuals with BD-I. These findings may serve as reference for future studies on the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.

A Review of Neuroimaging Studies on Working Memory Paradigms in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 1883-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asen Beshkov ◽  
Mariyan Topolov ◽  
Feryhan Ahmed-Popova ◽  
Stefan Sivkov
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Bipolar Patients

New brain technologies including neuroimaging studies are powerful means for providing new insights into clinical and cognitive neuroscience. Bipolar disorder is a severe chronic phasic mental disease characterized by various cognitive dysfunctions. Working memory is one prominent domain of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder. Disruptions in working memory are observed even in euthymic bipolar patients which makes it a potential endophenotypic marker for the disorder. Finding such markers may help in providing firm neurobiological basis for psychiatric nosologies and symptomatic presentations. This review aims to summarize some of the important aspects of findings from functional magnetic resonance imaging studies on the activation of brain structures in relation to working memory paradigms.

Mental Health

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Raeburn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Psychiatric Residents ◽  
Apprenticeship Training ◽  
The Brain

It wasn't until I had a profound personal experience with mental illness in my family that I started covering psychiatry and psychology. In the late 19905, my son, Alex, was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. A few years later, my daughter, Alicia, began suffering from repeated bouts of severe depression. Even after they became ill, I resisted turning my reporting to mental health. But as I continued to experience the suffering that these illnesses can cause, I finally succumbed. If I was going to help my children, I needed to learn a lot more about psychiatry, both research and treatment. With a background covering research, I could have confined my reporting to published studies and conferences, the bread-and-butter of science coverage. But I quickly realized that by taking that approach, I would be getting only a small piece of the story. For one thing, research in the behavioral sciences is, as I had always suspected, at a rather primitive stage. Researchers know far more about the heart, the kidneys, and tumor cells than they do about the brain. That's understandable; the brain is a far more complex organ. The scandal, however, is that what is known about the brain is rarely taught to psychiatrists. “Most of the more advanced training for psychiatric residents is really apprenticeship training in which brain science plays little or no part,” write the Harvard psychiatrist J. Allan Hobson and the writer Jonathan A. Leonard in their book, Out of Its Mind: Psychiatry in Crisis (2002). “The brain science knowledge of many practicing psychiatrists remains mostly informal or even anecdotal, leaving psychotherapy and psychopharmacology separated, isolated, and diminished at a time when brain science has the ability to nourish and combine them in an empowering fashion.” The message to reporters is that if we are to understand psychiatry, psychology, and mental illness, and write capably about them, we must do more than peruse the scientific journals and attend the neuroscience meetings. We need to get out there in the trenches, by which I mean the homes and the minds and hearts of the families who are suffering from mental illness.

The Co-Occurrence of Mania with Medical and other Psychiatric Disorders

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Strakowski ◽  
Susan L. McElroy ◽  
Paul W. Keck ◽  
Scott A. West
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Current State ◽  
Secondary Mania

Objective: The co-occurrence of mania with other medical and psychiatric disorders has been little studied. The authors reviewed the literature in order to clarify the current state of knowledge of this subject and to identify possible areas of future research. Methods: Published articles which specifically addressed associations of mania with medical disorders and other psychiatric syndromes were identified using the Paperchase® medical literature search system and by cross-referencing from other published work. The articles were then organized into three categories: 1) medical disorders associated with secondary mania; 2) medical comorbidity in bipolar disorder; and 3) psychiatric comorbidity in bipolar disorder. Results: The review of medical illness and secondary mania supports the hypothesis that injuries involving right-side and mid-line brain structures are associated with so-called secondary mania. Additionally, an association between bipolar disorder and migraine is identified. Several psychiatric disorders appear to occur with mania at rates higher than expected including obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, panic disorder, impulse control disorders, and substance abuse. Conclusions: The authors discuss the potential implications of these findings and suggest research approaches to further examine the relationships between mania and other medical and psychiatric syndromes.

P01-229-Emotional incontinence or bipolar disorder?about a case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 230-230
Author(s):  
L. Mnif ◽  
J. Masmoudi ◽  
N. Charfi ◽  
I. Baâti ◽  
S. Kolsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Post Stroke

IntroductionPost-stroke emotional incontinence and bipolar disorder are two disorders that involve the dysfunction of brain structures responsible of emotional regulation.The objective of this work is to study the links between these disorders through a clinical case.Case reportIt was a 43 year old patient who consulted for an emotional incontinence appeared after an ischemic stroke with lenticulocapsular and right semioval center lesions.Treatment with antidepressant was marked by the appearance of hypomania.Discussion and conclusionThe appearance of a pharmacologically induced hypomania in this patient could suggest a link between emotional incontinence and bipolar disorder.Especially that periventricular areas and deep subcortical structures, involved in emotional regulation, are affected in these disorders.More attentiveness against antidepressant treatment is required, because of the potential risk of a pharmacological hypomania.

scholarly journals Time-Frequency Characterization of Resting Brain in Bipolar Disorder during Euthymia—A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 599
Author(s):  
Adrian Andrzej Chrobak ◽  
Bartosz Bohaterewicz ◽  
Anna Maria Sobczak ◽  
Magdalena Marszał-Wiśniewska ◽  
Anna Tereszko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Left Middle ◽  
Left Insula

The goal of this paper is to investigate the baseline brain activity in euthymic bipolar disorder (BD) patients by comparing it to healthy controls (HC) with the use of a variety of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) analyses, such as amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional ALFF (f/ALFF), ALFF-based functional connectivity (FC), and r egional homogeneity (ReHo). We hypothesize that above-mentioned techniques will differentiate BD from HC indicating dissimilarities between the groups within different brain structures. Forty-two participants divided into two groups of euthymic BD patients (n = 21) and HC (n = 21) underwent rs-fMRI evaluation. Typical band ALFF, slow-4, slow-5, f/ALFF, as well as ReHo indexes were analyzed. Regions with altered ALFF were chosen as ROI for seed-to-voxel analysis of FC. As opposed to HC, BD patients revealed: increased ALFF in left insula; increased slow-5 in left middle temporal pole; increased f/ALFF in left superior frontal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, right putamen, and bilateral thalamus. There were no significant differences between BD and HC groups in slow-4 band. Compared to HC, the BD group presented higher ReHo values in the left superior medial frontal gyrus and lower ReHo values in the right supplementary motor area. FC analysis revealed significant hyper-connectivity within the BD group between left insula and bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right superior parietal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, left inferior parietal gyrus, left cerebellum, and left supplementary motor area. To our best knowledge, this is the first rs-fMRI study combining ReHo, ALFF, f/ALFF, and subdivided frequency bands (slow-4 and slow-5) in euthymic BD patients. ALFF, f/ALFF, slow-5, as well as REHO analysis revealed significant differences between two studied groups. Although results obtained with the above methods enable to identify group-specific brain structures, no overlap between the brain regions was detected. This indicates that combination of foregoing rs-fMRI methods may complement each other, revealing the bigger picture of the complex resting state abnormalities in BD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document