Reading in children with drug‐resistant epilepsy was related to functional connectivity in cognitive control regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 (10) ◽  
pp. 2105-2111
Author(s):  
Dror Kraus ◽  
Jennifer Vannest ◽  
Ravindra Arya ◽  
John S. Hutton ◽  
James L. Leach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Control Regions

scholarly journals Functional Connectivity MR Imaging of the Language Network in Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pravatà ◽  
C. Sestieri ◽  
D. Mantini ◽  
C. Briganti ◽  
G. Colicchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Language Network

scholarly journals Altered Relationship Between Heart Rate Variability and fMRI-Based Functional Connectivity in People With Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalis Kassinopoulos ◽  
Ronald M. Harper ◽  
Maxime Guye ◽  
Louis Lemieux ◽  
Beate Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Rr Interval ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

Background: Disruptions in central autonomic processes in people with epilepsy have been studied through evaluation of heart rate variability (HRV). Decreased HRV appears in epilepsy compared to healthy controls, suggesting a shift in autonomic balance toward sympathetic dominance; recent studies have associated HRV changes with seizure severity and outcome of interventions. However, the processes underlying these autonomic changes remain unclear. We examined the nature of these changes by assessing alterations in whole-brain functional connectivity, and relating those alterations to HRV.Methods: We examined regional brain activity and functional organization in 28 drug-resistant epilepsy patients and 16 healthy controls using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We employed an HRV state-dependent functional connectivity (FC) framework with low and high HRV states derived from the following four cardiac-related variables: 1. RR interval, 2. root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), 4. low-frequency HRV (0.04–0.15 Hz; LF-HRV) and high-frequency HRV (0.15–0.40 Hz; HF-HRV). The effect of group (epilepsy vs. controls), HRV state (low vs. high) and the interactions of group and state were assessed using a mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA). We assessed FC within and between 7 large-scale functional networks consisting of cortical regions and 4 subcortical networks, the amygdala, hippocampus, basal ganglia and thalamus networks.Results: Consistent with previous studies, decreased RR interval (increased heart rate) and decreased HF-HRV appeared in people with epilepsy compared to healthy controls. For both groups, fluctuations in heart rate were positively correlated with BOLD activity in bilateral thalamus and regions of the cerebellum, and negatively correlated with BOLD activity in the insula, putamen, superior temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus. Connectivity strength in patients between right thalamus and ventral attention network (mainly insula) increased in the high LF-HRV state compared to low LF-HRV; the opposite trend appeared in healthy controls. A similar pattern emerged for connectivity between the thalamus and basal ganglia.Conclusion: The findings suggest that resting connectivity patterns between the thalamus and other structures underlying HRV expression are modified in people with drug-resistant epilepsy compared to healthy controls.

scholarly journals Functional connectivity between cognitive control regions is sensitive to familial risk for ADHD

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1511-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn J. Mulder ◽  
Janna van Belle ◽  
Herman van Engeland ◽  
Sarah Durston
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Control Regions

scholarly journals Distinct Frontoparietal Networks Underlying Attentional Effort and Cognitive Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1212-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne S. Berry ◽  
Martin Sarter ◽  
Cindy Lustig
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Visual Signal ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Performance Functional ◽  
Superior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Control Regions

We investigated the brain activity patterns associated with stabilizing performance during challenges to attention. Our findings revealed distinct patterns of frontoparietal activity and functional connectivity associated with increased attentional effort versus preserved performance during challenged attention. Participants performed a visual signal detection task with and without presentation of a perceptual-attention challenge (changing background). The challenge condition increased activation in frontoparietal regions including right mid-dorsal/dorsolateral PFC (RPFC), approximating Brodmann's area 9, and superior parietal cortex. We found that greater behavioral impact of the challenge condition was correlated with greater RPFC activation, suggesting that increased engagement of cognitive control regions is not always sufficient to maintain high levels of performance. Functional connectivity between RPFC and ACC increased during the challenge condition and was also associated with performance declines, suggesting that the level of synchronized engagement of these regions reflects individual differences in attentional effort. Pretask, resting-state RPFC–ACC connectivity did not predict subsequent performance, suggesting that RPFC–ACC connectivity increased dynamically during task performance in response to performance decrement and error feedback. In contrast, functional connectivity between RPFC and superior parietal cortex not only during the task but also during pretask rest was associated with preserved performance in the challenge condition. Together, these data suggest that resting frontoparietal connectivity predicts performance on attention tasks that rely on those same cognitive control networks and that, under challenging conditions, other control regions dynamically couple with this network to initiate the engagement of cognitive control.

scholarly journals Categorizing cortical dysplasia lesions for surgical outcome using network functional connectivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdullah S. Bdaiwi ◽  
Hansel M. Greiner ◽  
James Leach ◽  
Francesco T. Mangano ◽  
Mark W. DiFrancesco
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is often associated with drug-resistant epilepsy, leading to a recommendation to surgically remove the seizure focus. Predicting outcome for resection of FCD is challenging, requiring a new approach. Lesion-symptom mapping is a powerful and broadly applicable method for linking neurological symptoms or outcomes to damage to particular brain regions. In this work, the authors applied lesion network mapping, an expansion of the traditional approach, to search for the association of lesion network connectivity with surgical outcomes. They hypothesized that connectivity of lesion volumes, preoperatively identified by MRI, would associate with seizure outcomes after surgery in a pediatric cohort with FCD. METHODS This retrospective study included 21 patients spanning the ages of 3 months to 17.7 years with FCD lesions who underwent surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy. The mean brain-wide functional connectivity map of each lesion volume was assessed across a database of resting-state functional MRI data from healthy children (spanning approximately 2.9 to 18.9 years old) compiled at the authors’ institution. Lesion connectivity maps were averaged across age and sex groupings from the database and matched to each patient. The authors sought to associate voxel-wise differences in these maps with subject-specific surgical outcome (seizure free vs persistent seizures). RESULTS Lesion volumes with persistent seizures after surgery tended to have stronger connectivity to attention and motor networks and weaker connectivity to the default mode network compared with lesion volumes with seizure-free surgical outcome. CONCLUSIONS Network connectivity–based lesion-outcome mapping may offer new insight for determining the impact of lesion volumes discerned according to both size and specific location. The results of this pilot study could be validated with a larger set of data, with the ultimate goal of allowing examination of lesions in patients with FCD and predicting their surgical outcomes.

Successful Goal-Directed Memory Suppression is Associated With Increased Inter-Hemispheric Coordination Between Right and Left Frontoparietal Control Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Smith ◽  
Anna Alkozei ◽  
Jennifer Bao ◽  
William D. S. Killgore
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Memory Suppression ◽  
Control Regions

The neural basis of suppressing conscious access to one’s own memories has recently received considerable attention, with several studies suggesting this process engages frontal-parietal cognitive control regions. However, researchers to date have not examined the way right and left hemisphere cognitive control networks coordinate with one another to accomplish this. We had 48 participants (25 female) complete a Think/No Think (T/NT) task for memories of emotionally unpleasant visual scenes while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. We used generalized psychophysiologic interaction analyses to examine functional connectivity between right and left hemisphere frontal-parietal regions during memory suppression. Participants who were better at memory suppression, as assessed by greater numbers of forgotten memories in the NT than T conditions, also showed greater functional connectivity between multiple right and left hemisphere control regions. This suggests that individual differences in memory suppression ability may be partially explained by differences in task-specific inter-hemispheric coordination.

A RARE CASE OF DRUG-RESISTANT EPILEPSY ASSOCIATED WITH CORTICAL MICRODYSGENESIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Zabrodskaya ◽  
◽  
D.A. Sitovskaya ◽  
S.M. Malyshev ◽  
T.V. Sokolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document