Effect of cryoprotectant and equilibration temperature on cryopreservation ofLama glamaspermatozoa

Andrologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Carretero ◽  
D. M. Neild ◽  
A. Ferrante ◽  
M. Caldevilla ◽  
C. C. Arraztoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equilibration Temperature

Sorption of Metribuzin and Metolachlor in Alaskan Subarctic Agricultural Soils

Weed Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Graham ◽  
Jeffery S. Conn
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
Equilibration Temperature

Adsorption and desorption of metribuzin and metolachlor were studied for 0- to 15- and 30- to 45-cm soil depths and at 5 and 28 C temperatures for two subarctic Alaskan agricultural soils. Surface soils had five to eight times the organic carbon content of deeper soils and had lower Freundlich isotherm slopes (1/n) for both herbicides. Surface soil Freundlich coefficients (Kf) were affected by both soil type and equilibration temperature, with soil type accounting for greater than 80% of the variation in Kf. Surface soil mean Kfvalues ranged from 1.5 to 2.4 for metribuzin and 4.4 to 9.2 for metolachlor. For soils from the 30- to 45-cm depth, neither soil type nor temperature affected Kf. Isotherm slopes for desorption were less than adsorption, indicating hysteresis. Regressions between desorption Kfand maximum herbicide adsorbed prior to desorption were highly significant with coefficients of determination (r2) between 0.50 and 0.99.

Temperature Reception and Responses in Fish

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Equilibration Temperature ◽  
Ampullae Of Lorenzini ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Spontaneous Movements

Conditioned-response experiments show that both bony fishes and selachians have surface thermal receptors. Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated in selachians two mechanisms which could provide continuous information about constant temperature conditions—the ampullae of Lorenzini and the lateral-line system. In other fishes only one such mechanism has been demonstrated, namely the trunk lateral-line system. Impulses from the ampullae and the lateral-line organs are, apparently, always being poured into the central nervous system at a rate which is characteristic of the temperature of the environment. The change in frequency of these action potentials with a given change in temperature is not great and there is no sign of adaptation. These sensory receptor mechanisms could operate in such a way as to give fish an absolute sense of temperature. In addition to this non-adaptive effect of temperature on these two kinds of receptors, there occurs, in the ampullae of Lorenzini only, another spectacular change in frequency of the nerve impulses with change in temperature, and this response is adaptive. This effect disappears with continued exposure to the new temperature, and the spontaneous impulses gradually assume the stable frequency which is characteristic of the temperature.The principal effects of temperature on the activities of fish are as follows: Fish moving in a temperature gradient select a particular temperature because of an effect of the gradient temperatures on their movements. When fish move through the temperatures of a gradient, the frequency of their movements is least in the selected region. Moderately rapid changes of temperature do not elicit locomotor responses from resting fish until very high temperatures are reached, but do affect the frequency of movements of active fish. The frequency of spontaneous movements is related to the equilibration temperature, being greatest at the temperature ordinarily selected by the same fish if placed in a temperature gradient. Maximum cruising speed, as measured at different equilibration temperatures, is greatest at the selected temperature, as is also the distance moved in response to an electric shock. The maximum cruising speed that can be maintained by fish increases, with acclimation temperature, to a peak at the final preferendum.Temperature selection by fish in a gradient is a function of surface thermal receptors not in the trunk lateral line, and of the forebrain. The relation between frequency of spontaneous movements and equilibration temperature depends in some way upon the integrity of the cerebellum.There are a few instances where a correlation has been demonstrated between temperature conditions and behaviour of fish in nature because of the effect of temperature on activity. There are other instances in which distribution of fish in nature appears to be correlated with temperature as a result of selection responses to temperature gradients.

scholarly journals Equilibration temperature of the Kobe meteorite.

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Tachibana ◽  
Masao Kitamura ◽  
Takao Hirajima ◽  
Noboru Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Equilibration Temperature

Blood osmolality in vitro: dependence on base addition, buffer value, and temperature

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 2174-2179 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Maassen ◽  
D. Boning
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Point ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Blood Osmolality ◽  
Respiratory Compensation ◽  
Equilibration Temperature ◽  
Buffer Value ◽  
Osmotic Effects

Blood osmolality (Osm) increases with PCO2 because of CO2 absorption. The influences of NaOH addition, equilibration temperature, and hemoglobin concentration on these respiratory changes of Osm were measured by freezing-point determination in true plasma. Addition of NaOH increases Osm by 2 mosmol X kg H2O-1 X mmol base-1 X l at constant PCO2 due to the osmotic effects of Na+ and produced bicarbonate. Respiratory compensation of the pH change further increases Osm. This contrasts to the respiratory compensation of the osmolar disturbance caused by fixed acid. Raising the equilibration temperature reduces Osm by 0.5 mosmol X kg H2O-1 X degrees C-1 at constant pH mainly caused by a lower absorption coefficient for CO2 and changed pK value for H2CO3. The slope of the linear regression lines between Osm and pH during CO2 equilibration increases with hemoglobin; the value of the quotient delta Osm/delta pH depends directly on the nonbicarbonate buffer value. The use of this quotient for the estimation of the mean nonbicarbonate buffer value of the whole body is suggested. The osmotic effects of therapeutic base infusion should be regarded with caution.

Defect re-distribution in amorphous silicon below equilibration temperature

2000 ◽  
Vol 266-269 ◽  
pp. 553-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A.C.M.M van Swaaij ◽  
V Nádazdy ◽  
M Zeman ◽  
E Pincik ◽  
J.W Metselaar
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Equilibration Temperature
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