scholarly journals Imaging Tolerance Induction in the Classic Medawar Neonatal Mouse Model: Active Roles of Multiple F1-Donor Cell Types

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2346-2363 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Bascom ◽  
K. S. Tao ◽  
S. L. Tollenaar ◽  
L. J. West
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Neonatal Mouse

scholarly journals Exosome Traceability and Cell Source Dependence on Composition and Cell-Cell Cross Talk

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5346
Author(s):  
Rabab N. Hamzah ◽  
Karrer M. Alghazali ◽  
Alexandru S. Biris ◽  
Robert J. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Donor Cell ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Remote Communication ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
The Impact

Exosomes are small vesicles with an average diameter of 100 nm that are produced by many, if not all, cell types. Exosome cargo includes lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids arranged specifically in the endosomes of donor cells. Exosomes can transfer the donor cell components to target cells and can affect cell signaling, proliferation, and differentiation. Important new information about exosomes’ remote communication with other cells is rapidly being accumulated. Recent data indicates that the results of this communication depend on the donor cell type and the environment of the host cell. In the field of cancer research, major questions remain, such as whether tumor cell exosomes are equally taken up by cancer cells and normal cells and whether exosomes secreted by normal cells are specifically taken up by other normal cells or also tumor cells. Furthermore, we do not know how exosome uptake is made selective, how we can trace exosome uptake selectivity, or what the most appropriate methods are to study exosome uptake and selectivity. This review will explain the effect of exosome source and the impact of the donor cell growth environment on tumor and normal cell interaction and communication. The review will also summarize the methods that have been used to label and trace exosomes to date.

Neonatal Mouse Model: Review of Methods and Results

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Michael McClain ◽  
Douglas Keller ◽  
Dan Casciano ◽  
Peter Fu ◽  
James MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Neonatal Mouse ◽  
Model Review

scholarly journals Protective effect of enterovirus-71 (EV71) virus-like particle vaccine against lethal EV71 infection in a neonatal mouse model

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2473-2480 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEI CAO ◽  
FENGFENG MAO ◽  
ZHENG PANG ◽  
YAO YI ◽  
FENG QIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Neonatal Mouse ◽  
Ev71 Infection ◽  
Virus Like Particle

scholarly journals Regulatory Immunotherapy in Bone Marrow Transplantation

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2620-2634
Author(s):  
Vanessa Morales-Tirado ◽  
Wioleta Luszczek ◽  
Marié van der Merwe ◽  
Asha Pillai
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Conditioning Treatment ◽  
Donor Type ◽  
Nonmalignant Disease ◽  
Immunoregulatory T Cells ◽  
Killer T Cells

Every year individuals receive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to eradicate malignant and nonmalignant disease. The immunobiology of allotransplantation is an area of ongoing discovery, from the recipient's conditioning treatment prior to the transplant to the donor cell populations responsible for engraftment, graft-versus-host disease, and graft-versus-tumor effect. In this review, we focus on donor-type immunoregulatory T cells, namely, natural killer T cells (NKT) and regulatory T cells (Treg), and their current and potential roles in tolerance induction after allogeneic HSCT.

scholarly journals Regulatory Mechanism for Exfoliative Toxin Production inStaphylococcus aureus

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1660-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuminori Kato ◽  
Noriko Kadomoto ◽  
Yuko Iwamoto ◽  
Katsuaki Bunai ◽  
Hitoshi Komatsuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Neonatal Mouse ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Global Regulators ◽  
Exfoliative Toxin ◽  
Blistering Disease

ABSTRACTThe exfoliative toxin (ET) is a major virulence factor ofStaphylococcus aureusthat causes bullous impetigo and its disseminated form, staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome (SSSS). ET selectively digests one of the intracellular adhesion molecules, desmoglein 1, of epidermal keratinocytes and causes blisters due to intraepidermal cell-cell dissociation. MostS. aureusstrains that cause blistering disease produce either ETA or ETB. They are serologically distinct molecules, where ETA is encoded on a phage genome and ETB is enocded on a large plasmid. ETA-producingS. aureusstrains are frequently isolated from impetigo patients, and ETB-producingS. aureusstrains are isolated from SSSS. ET-induced blister formation can be reproduced with the neonatal mouse. To determine the regulatory mechanism of ET production, we investigated the role of the two-component systems and global regulators foretaoretbexpressionin vitroandin vivowith the mouse model. Western blot and transcription analyses using a series of mutants demonstrate ETA production was downregulated bysigB,sarS, andsarA, while ETB production was downregulated bysigBandsarAbut not bysarS. Production of both toxins is upregulated bysaeRS,arlRS, andagrCA. Furthermore, by thein vivoneonatal mouse model,sigBandsarSbut notsarAnegatively regulate the exfoliation activity of the ETA-producing strain, whilesarAnegatively regulates the ETB-producing strain. In both strains,saeRS,arlRS, andagrCApositively regulate the exfoliation activityin vivo. The data illustrate similar but distinct regulatory mechanisms for ETA and ETB productionin S. aureus in vitroas well asin vivo.

scholarly journals Crawling with Virus: Translational Insights from a Neonatal Mouse Model on the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahui You ◽  
Jordy Saravia ◽  
David Siefker ◽  
Bishwas Shrestha ◽  
Stephania A. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Neonatal Mouse ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Infant Immune Response

The infant immune response to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains incompletely understood. Here we review the use of a neonatal mouse model of RSV infection to mimic severe infection in human infants. We describe numerous age-specific responses, organized by cell type, observed in RSV-infected neonatal mice and draw comparisons (when possible) to human infants.

scholarly journals A neonatal mouse model of central nervous system infections caused by Coxsackievirus B5

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunying Mao ◽  
Xiaotian Hao ◽  
Yalin Hu ◽  
Ruixiao Du ◽  
Shuhui Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Neonatal Mouse ◽  
Central Nervous System Infections

scholarly journals Mode of Tolerance Induction and Requirement for Aire Are Governed by the Cell Types That Express Self-Antigen and Those That Present Antigen

2017 ◽  
Vol 199 (12) ◽  
pp. 3959-3971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Mouri ◽  
Yoshihiro Ueda ◽  
Tomoyoshi Yamano ◽  
Minoru Matsumoto ◽  
Koichi Tsuneyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Self Antigen

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase–dependent tryptophan metabolites contribute to tolerance induction during allergen immunotherapy in a mouse model

2008 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-991.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef A. Taher ◽  
Benoit J.A. Piavaux ◽  
Reneé Gras ◽  
Betty C.A.M. van Esch ◽  
Gerard A. Hofman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Allergen Immunotherapy ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolites
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