Event-based prospective remembering in task switching conditions: Exploring the effects of immediate and postponed responses in cue detection

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Diana R. Pereira ◽  
Pedro B. Albuquerque ◽  
Flávia H. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Task Switching ◽  
Prospective Remembering ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Cue Detection

Prospective memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
STELLA KARANTZOULIS ◽  
ANGELA K. TROYER ◽  
JILL B. RICH
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Attention Switching ◽  
Memory For Intentions ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluations ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Cue Detection ◽  
Error Types

AbstractIndividuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) often complain of difficulty remembering to carry out intended actions, consistent with findings of impaired prospective memory (PM) in this population. In this study, individuals with aMCI (N = 27) performed worse than healthy controls (N = 27) on the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (Raskin, 2004), including on time- and event-based subscales, and recognition of the intentions. The aMCI participants made more errors overall, but the proportion of the various error types did not differ between the two groups. Across all error types, both groups made more retrospective than prospective errors, especially on event-based PM tasks. Overall, the findings suggest that PM impairment in aMCI is associated with deficient cue detection involving both automatic (as in event-based tasks) and more strategic detection (as in time-based tasks) processes. These difficulties are likely due to a combination of problematic retrospective episodic memory (e.g., reduced encoding and/or consolidation of cue–intention pairings) and executive functions (e.g., decreased self-initiation, attention switching, and/or inhibition on memory tasks). Formal assessment of PM may help characterize the nature of the memory impairment among individuals with aMCI in clinical neuropsychological evaluations. (JINS, 2009, 15, 407–415.)

Does Delay Affect Prospective Memory Performance?

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Nigro ◽  
Pier Carla Cicogna
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Prospective Remembering ◽  
Intention Formation ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which the retention interval between intention formation and the execution of the action affects the occurrence of remembering and its accuracy. 126 subjects (48 men and 78 women) between 18 and 24 years participated in a two-phase experiment. An event-based prospective memory task was assigned at the end of the first experimental session, which required reporting a message to the second experimenter at the beginning of the second experimental session. The length of the interval of time between the formation of the intention and its execution varied (10 minutes, 2 days, 2 weeks). Participants were randomly assigned to the three conditions (42 each). A post-experimental interview was carried out in order to find out the strategies that subjects employed to retrieve the message and the importance they attributed to the task. Results indicate that the delay affected neither the occurrence of remembering nor its accuracy, and that the importance attributed to the planned action improved the likelihood of prospective remembering. Furthermore, results seem to indicate that external reminders do not improve prospective memory. Further implications of the finding were discussed.

Does a state of alcohol hangover impair event based prospective memory?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s864-s864
Author(s):  
T. Heffernan
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Street ◽  
Prospective Remembering ◽  
Alcohol Hangover ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Everyday Remembering ◽  
Future Plans

IntroductionThe alcohol hangover state (AHS) is characterized by range of symptoms (e.g., drowsiness, fatigue, gastro-intestinal problems, dry mouth, nausea, sweating) that remain after ones blood-alcohol level returns to zero following a recent bout of excessive drinking. Recent findings have revealed a range of cognitive deficits associated with an AHS, including memory deficits. It is less clear what impact the AHS has upon everyday remembering; of which prospective memory is an excellent example (PM: memory for future plans/actions; such as remembering to perform a task at a specific time).AimsThe present study explored whether the AHS impairs everyday PM.MethodsTwenty-one AHS participants were compared with 28 non-AHS controls using a between-groups design. All completed a prospective remembering video procedure (prvp), which measured event-based pm. the prvp required the participant first to memorise a series of specific action-locations combinations and then to recall these combinations whilst viewing a CD clip of a busy shopping high street. Drug use (alcohol, smoking, etc.) and mood (anxiety and depression) were also measured, as these have been shown to have a deleterious impact upon PM.ResultsThe AHS group recalled significantly fewer event-based PM combinations on the PRVP compared with the non-AHS control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups on age, smoking, alcohol use or mood.ConclusionThese results confirm that a state of alcohol hangover impedes everyday prospective memory. The wider implications will be discussed at conference.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Do Inhibitory Control Demands Affect Event-Based Prospective Memory Performance in ADHD?

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareike Altgassen ◽  
Andrea Koch ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Word Categorization ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Cue Detection ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Empirical evidence on prospective memory (PM) in ADHD is inconsistent. Differential findings have been related to differential executive control demands. This study aimed at exploring the impact of inhibitory control on event-based PM performance in ADHD. Method: Eighteen adults with ADHD and 18 controls performed a word categorization task with an embedded event-based PM task. In addition, participants performed an acoustically presented task that put either low or high loads on inhibitory control processes. Results: Inhibitory load did not differentially affect PM performance: Across both inhibitory load conditions, individuals with ADHD showed reduced PM performance when compared with controls. Moreover, inhibitory load did not influence PM performance across both groups. Conclusion: Possibly, full inhibitory control resources are not necessary during the entire duration of an event-based PM task, but may suffice to be employed after cue detection when needing to interrupt the ongoing task. (J. of Att. Dis. 2019; 23(1) 51-56)

Four-Week Strategy-Based Training to Enhance Prospective Memory in Older Adults: Targeting Intention Retention Is More Beneficial than Targeting Intention Formation

Gerontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Ihle ◽  
Rafal Albiński ◽  
Kamila Gurynowicz ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Imagery Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prospective Remembering ◽  
Intention Formation ◽  
Cue Words ◽  
Cue Detection ◽  
Formation Phase

Background: So far, training of prospective memory (PM) focused on very short instances (single sessions) and targeted the intention-formation phase only. Objective: We aimed to compare the effectiveness of 2 different 4-week strategy-based PM training types, namely imagery training (targeting the encoding of the PM intention in the intention-formation phase) versus rehearsal training (targeting the maintenance of the PM intention in the intention-retention phase) in older adults. Methods: We used a 4-week training protocol (8 sessions in total, 2 sessions per week). From the 44 participants, 21 were randomly assigned to the imagery training (vividly imagining a mental picture to memorize the connection between the PM cue words and related actions during intention formation) and 23 to the rehearsal training (rehearsing the PM cue words during intention retention). The criterion PM task was assessed before and after the training. Results: Comparing the effectiveness of both training types, we found a significant time by training type interaction on PM accuracy in terms of PM cue detection, F(1, 42) = 6.07, p = 0.018, η2p = 0.13. Subsequent analyses revealed that the rehearsal training was more effective in enhancing PM accuracy in terms of PM cue detection than the imagery training. Conclusion: Strategy-based PM training in older adults targeting the maintenance of the PM intention in the intention-retention phase may be more effective in enhancing PM accuracy in terms of PM cue detection than the strategy targeting the encoding of the PM intention in the intention-formation phase. This suggests that for successful prospective remembering, older adults may need more support to keep the PM cues active in memory while working on the ongoing task than to initially encode the PM intention.

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