scholarly journals Girdling increases survival and growth of emerald ash borer larvae on Manchurian ash

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad M. Rigsby ◽  
Caterina Villari ◽  
Donnie L. Peterson ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
Pierluigi Bonello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Survival And Growth

scholarly journals Methods to Improve Survival and Growth of Planted Alternative Species Seedlings in Black Ash Ecosystems Threatened by Emerald Ash Borer

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Bolton ◽  
Joseph Shannon ◽  
Joshua Davis ◽  
Matthew Grinsven ◽  
Nam Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Alternative Species ◽  
Black Ash

Variation in the Volatile Profiles of Black and Manchurian Ash in Relation to Emerald Ash Borer Oviposition Preferences

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 831-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad M. Rigsby ◽  
Nathaniel B. McCartney ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
James H. Tumlinson ◽  
Don Cipollini
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Oviposition Preferences ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Volatile Profiles

Interspecific Comparison of Constitutive Ash Phloem Phenolic Chemistry Reveals Compounds Unique to Manchurian Ash, a Species Resistant to Emerald Ash Borer

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin G. A. Whitehill ◽  
Stephen O. Opiyo ◽  
Jennifer L. Koch ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
Donald F. Cipollini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Interspecific Comparison ◽  
Manchurian Ash

scholarly journals Tree Water Stress and Insect Geographic Origin Influence Patterns of Herbivory by Borers in Green (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and Manchurian (F. mandshurica) Ash

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Martinson ◽  
Chris Sargent ◽  
Michael Raupp
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
North American ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Longhorn Beetles

Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a devastating buprestid beetle introduced to North America from Asia. Asian ash trees exhibit resistance to EAB, likely due to a shared co-evolutionary history. Resistance to one pest, however, does not necessarily confer resistance to others. Should Asian ash be highly susceptible to North American herbivores, the utility of such species for hybridization, breeding programs, and establishment in managed landscapes could be compromised. Common urban problems, such as drought stress, can increase borer attack and survival and may further complicate the search for resistant plant material. The objectives of this study were to examine the relative susceptibility of green (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and Manchurian (F. mandshurica) ash to EAB and indigenous borers and whether that susceptibility changed with drought stress. In a common garden experiment, EAB occurred more frequently and reached higher abundances in green than Manchurian ash. The frequency and abundance of bark beetles (Curculionidae), North American native clearwing borers (Sesiidae), and longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) were similar in the two ash species. Generation time of EAB was uniformly one year and did not depend on ash species or water stress. Although borers increased as expected in stressed trees, the relative susceptibility of green and Manchurian ash to borers did not change. The findings suggest Manchurian ash may be resistant to several classes of borers, regardless of insect geographic origin, although these conclusions should be viewed with some caution until the results can be verified in larger trees.

scholarly journals A Metabolomic and HPLC-MS/MS Analysis of the Foliar Phenolics, Flavonoids and Coumarins of the Fraxinus Species Resistant and Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Qazi ◽  
Domenic Lombardo ◽  
Mamdouh Abou-Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Constitutive Resistance ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Pumpkin Ash ◽  
Blue Ash

The Emerald Ash Borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis, Fairmaire, an Asian invasive alien buprestid has devastated tens of millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in North America. Foliar phytochemicals of the genus Fraxinus (Oleaceae): Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Green ash), F. americana (White ash), F. profunda (Bush) Bush. (Pumpkin ash), F. quadrangulata Michx. (Blue ash), F. nigra Marsh. (Black ash) and F. mandshurica (Manchurian ash) were investigated using HPLC-MS/MS and untargeted metabolomics. HPLC-MS/MS help identified 26 compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids and coumarins in varying amounts. Hydroxycoumarins, esculetin, esculin, fraxetin, fraxin, fraxidin and scopoletin were isolated from blue, black and Manchurian ashes. High-throughput metabolomics revealed 35 metabolites, including terpenes, secoiridoids and lignans. Metabolomic profiling indicated several upregulated putative compounds from Manchurian ash, especially fraxinol, ligstroside, oleuropin, matairesinol, pinoresinol glucoside, 8-hydroxypinoresinol-4-glucoside, verbenalin, hydroxytyrosol-1-O-glucoside, totarol and ar-artemisene. Further, dicyclomine, aphidicolin, parthenolide, famciclovir, ar-turmerone and myriocin were identified upregulated in blue ash. Principal component analysis demonstrated a clear separation between Manchurian and blue ashes from black, green, white and pumpkin ashes. The presence of defensive compounds upregulated in Manchurian ash, suggests their potential role in providing constitutive resistance to EAB, and reflects its co-evolutionary history with A. planipennis, where they appear to coexist in their native habitats.

scholarly journals Larval Performance of a Major Forest Pest on Novel Hosts and the Effect of Stressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donnie L Peterson ◽  
Don Cipollini
Keyword(s):  
Plant Stress ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ancestral Stress ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Novel hosts lacking a coevolutionary history with herbivores can often support improved larval performance over historic hosts; e.g., emerald ash borer [Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire) Coleoptera: Buprestidae] on North American ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees. Whether trees are novel or ancestral, stress on plants increases emerald ash borer preference and performance. White fringetree [Chionanthus virginicus (L.) Lamiales: Oleaceae] and olive [Olea europaea (L.) Lamiales: Oleaceae] are closely related non-ash hosts that support development of emerald ash borer to adulthood, but their relative suitability as hosts and the impact of plant stress on larval success has not been well studied. In a series of experiments, survival and growth of emerald ash borer larvae on these novel hosts were examined along with the impact of stress. In the first experiment, larvae grew more slowly in cut stems of olive than in green ash [Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Marshall) Lamiales: Oleaceae] and several adults successfully emerged from larger olive stems. In two experiments on young potted olive with photosynthesizing bark, larvae died within a week, but mechanical girdling increased the rate of gallery establishment. The final two experiments on field-grown fringetrees found increased larval survivorship and growth in previously emerald ash borer attacked and mechanically girdled plants than in healthy stems or stems treated with the defense hormone, methyl jasmonate. Our results demonstrate that these non-ash hosts are less suitable for emerald ash borer than preferred ash hosts, but previous emerald ash borer attack or girdling led to better survival and growth demonstrating the importance of stress for larval success. In potted olive, high mortality could be due to higher loads of toxic compounds or the presence of chlorophyllous tissue.

Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis, to induced volatiles of Manchurian ash, Fraxinus mandshurica

Chemoecology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Rodriguez-Saona ◽  
Therese M. Poland ◽  
James R. Miller ◽  
Lukasz L. Stelinski ◽  
Gary G. Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Fraxinus Mandshurica ◽  
Induced Volatiles ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses
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