scholarly journals Drought stress increased survival and development of emerald ash borer larvae on coevolved Manchurian ash and implicates phloem-based traits in resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Showalter ◽  
Caterina Villari ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
Pierluigi Bonello
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Survival And Development

scholarly journals Tree Water Stress and Insect Geographic Origin Influence Patterns of Herbivory by Borers in Green (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and Manchurian (F. mandshurica) Ash

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Martinson ◽  
Chris Sargent ◽  
Michael Raupp
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
North American ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Longhorn Beetles

Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a devastating buprestid beetle introduced to North America from Asia. Asian ash trees exhibit resistance to EAB, likely due to a shared co-evolutionary history. Resistance to one pest, however, does not necessarily confer resistance to others. Should Asian ash be highly susceptible to North American herbivores, the utility of such species for hybridization, breeding programs, and establishment in managed landscapes could be compromised. Common urban problems, such as drought stress, can increase borer attack and survival and may further complicate the search for resistant plant material. The objectives of this study were to examine the relative susceptibility of green (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and Manchurian (F. mandshurica) ash to EAB and indigenous borers and whether that susceptibility changed with drought stress. In a common garden experiment, EAB occurred more frequently and reached higher abundances in green than Manchurian ash. The frequency and abundance of bark beetles (Curculionidae), North American native clearwing borers (Sesiidae), and longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) were similar in the two ash species. Generation time of EAB was uniformly one year and did not depend on ash species or water stress. Although borers increased as expected in stressed trees, the relative susceptibility of green and Manchurian ash to borers did not change. The findings suggest Manchurian ash may be resistant to several classes of borers, regardless of insect geographic origin, although these conclusions should be viewed with some caution until the results can be verified in larger trees.

Response of Interspecific Hybrid Species of Manchurian Ash to MJ and NO Signals and Preliminary Study on the Formation Mechanism of Drought Resistance Advantage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Cao ◽  
fei song ◽  
Xingtang Zhao ◽  
Liming He ◽  
Yaguang Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background: In this study, sodium nitrate (SNP, a donor of nitric oxide) and methyl jasmonate (MJ) were used as exogenous hormones. The experiment was conducted with the offspring (interspecific hybrid) D110 of ash and ash, and their respective parents (non-interspecific hybrid) D113 and 4-3 as experimental materials. The experiment set up three experimental groups of drought stress, exogenous hormone SNP and MJ, and a control group under normal growth (non-drought stress), to study the physiological indicators and gene expression of manchurian ash. Result: The results showed that under drought stress and exogenous application of hormone SNP or MJ, there were significant differences between hybrids and parents in plant growth, photosynthesis, defense enzyme activity, hormone content and gene expression.Conclusions: This experiment provides a new theoretical support for the existing hormone breeding methods of manchurian ash, which can improve the drought resistance of manchurian ash and increase its survival rate in the wild. Increasing the growth rate and breeding efficiency of manchurian ash brings new ideas.

Effects of drought stress simulated by peg on seed germination of two ecotypes of ceratoides arborescens

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ge-le ◽  
N Togtokhbayar ◽  
Wang Yu-Zhi ◽  
Sun Jie ◽  
V Enkhchimeg
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Arid Desert

Ceratoides arborescens is widely distributed in arid area of Inner Mongolia. They are fine sand binding plants, and the main feed of livestock in arid desert area in the dry season. Under drought stress, seed germination and seedling root growth is very important to the survival and development of plant seedlings. Therefore our main objective of this study was to determine the effects of drought stress on seed germination and seedling growth of two ecotypes, Wu and Kerqin, of Ceratoides arborescens. The effects of drought stress on seed germination under PEG treatment and germination recovery under optimal conditions after presoaking with PEG solution were studied in a series of laboratory tests. The germination and radical growth of the two ecotype Wu and Kerqin of Ceratoides arborescens were studied to different degrees of inhibition with reduced osmotic potential of a series of PEG solutions. However, slight drought stress promoted the seed germination of the two ecotype Wu and Kerqin of Ceratoides arborescens and improved the germination index of the two ecotypes, simulating the radical growth. The lowest osmotic potential for germination was -2.1MPa for Kerqin and -1.8MPa for Wu. The result shows that the drought resistance of seed germination of Kerqin was stronger than that of Wu.Under optimal conditions, the seeds presoaked with PEG solution recovered their germination after drought stress was relived. The seeds presoaked longer, suffered greater from drought stress and germination was suppressed completely. The radical length of the primary root of the two species had no significant difference between the CK after presoaking with PEG solution in 3d，and then decreased significantly with the increase of days of presoaking.

Variation in the Volatile Profiles of Black and Manchurian Ash in Relation to Emerald Ash Borer Oviposition Preferences

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 831-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad M. Rigsby ◽  
Nathaniel B. McCartney ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
James H. Tumlinson ◽  
Don Cipollini
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Oviposition Preferences ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Volatile Profiles

Interspecific Comparison of Constitutive Ash Phloem Phenolic Chemistry Reveals Compounds Unique to Manchurian Ash, a Species Resistant to Emerald Ash Borer

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin G. A. Whitehill ◽  
Stephen O. Opiyo ◽  
Jennifer L. Koch ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
Donald F. Cipollini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Interspecific Comparison ◽  
Manchurian Ash

scholarly journals A Metabolomic and HPLC-MS/MS Analysis of the Foliar Phenolics, Flavonoids and Coumarins of the Fraxinus Species Resistant and Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Qazi ◽  
Domenic Lombardo ◽  
Mamdouh Abou-Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Constitutive Resistance ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Pumpkin Ash ◽  
Blue Ash

The Emerald Ash Borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis, Fairmaire, an Asian invasive alien buprestid has devastated tens of millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in North America. Foliar phytochemicals of the genus Fraxinus (Oleaceae): Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Green ash), F. americana (White ash), F. profunda (Bush) Bush. (Pumpkin ash), F. quadrangulata Michx. (Blue ash), F. nigra Marsh. (Black ash) and F. mandshurica (Manchurian ash) were investigated using HPLC-MS/MS and untargeted metabolomics. HPLC-MS/MS help identified 26 compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids and coumarins in varying amounts. Hydroxycoumarins, esculetin, esculin, fraxetin, fraxin, fraxidin and scopoletin were isolated from blue, black and Manchurian ashes. High-throughput metabolomics revealed 35 metabolites, including terpenes, secoiridoids and lignans. Metabolomic profiling indicated several upregulated putative compounds from Manchurian ash, especially fraxinol, ligstroside, oleuropin, matairesinol, pinoresinol glucoside, 8-hydroxypinoresinol-4-glucoside, verbenalin, hydroxytyrosol-1-O-glucoside, totarol and ar-artemisene. Further, dicyclomine, aphidicolin, parthenolide, famciclovir, ar-turmerone and myriocin were identified upregulated in blue ash. Principal component analysis demonstrated a clear separation between Manchurian and blue ashes from black, green, white and pumpkin ashes. The presence of defensive compounds upregulated in Manchurian ash, suggests their potential role in providing constitutive resistance to EAB, and reflects its co-evolutionary history with A. planipennis, where they appear to coexist in their native habitats.

scholarly journals Girdling increases survival and growth of emerald ash borer larvae on Manchurian ash

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad M. Rigsby ◽  
Caterina Villari ◽  
Donnie L. Peterson ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
Pierluigi Bonello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Survival And Growth

Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis, to induced volatiles of Manchurian ash, Fraxinus mandshurica

Chemoecology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Rodriguez-Saona ◽  
Therese M. Poland ◽  
James R. Miller ◽  
Lukasz L. Stelinski ◽  
Gary G. Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Fraxinus Mandshurica ◽  
Induced Volatiles ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses
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