Trapping Old World screw-worm fly,Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve (Diptera: Calliphoridae), in Papua New Guinea including the coastal border with Torres Strait

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Spradbery ◽  
Robert S Tozer
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Old World ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Chrysomya Bezziana

Genetic variation in the Old World screw-worm fly, Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Strong ◽  
R.J. Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Old World ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
Australia Introduction ◽  
Sterile Insect Release ◽  
Chrysomya Bezziana

AbstractThe Old World screw-worm fly, Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve, occurs in Africa, the Middle East, Malaysia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, but it is not found in Australia. Introduction into Australia from any of these source areas would threaten the viability of much of the grazing industry in the northern part of the continent. Proposed control by the sterile insect release method (SIRM) would be compromised by the existence of sibling species within C. bezziana. This study examines the degree of genetic differentiation throughout the extensive range of the fly to assess if the degree of geographic differentiation indicates the existence of sibling species and, allows identification of the source of any introduced flies. Electrophoretic analysis of 23 loci from samples collected in southern Africa, the Middle East, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea revealed 11 polymorphic loci. Overall, populations show remarkably little divergence given the geographic distribution of sample sites. None of the populations sampled were fixed for alternative electromorphs. There is no evidence from this study for the presence of sibling species within C. bezziana.

Cytogenetic variation in natural populations of the Old World screwworm fly Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Bedo ◽  
J. P. Spradbery ◽  
R. J. Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Old World ◽  
Screwworm Fly ◽  
Chrysomya Bezziana

The existence of sibling species in the Old World screwworm fly Chrysomya bezziana would raise serious problems in eradicating this pest if it entered Australia. Cytogenetic variation in C. bezziana was investigated by analyzing pupal trichogen polytene chromosomes. Natural populations of C. bezziana spanning its range from southern Africa to Papua New Guinea were examined as well as hybrids between a New Guinea laboratory strain and natural populations. No evidence of sibling species was found. All populations exhibited the same basic banding pattern as the standard sequence established from a Papua New Guinea strain. Extensive asynapsis of chromosome homologues was found in some hybrid crosses and was therefore measured in all populations and hybrids to detect systematic variation. Asynapsis levels in most hybrids could not be statistically distinguished from those present in the parent populations except for crosses between populations at the ends of the range. This result does not permit asynapsis levels to be used in establishing the origin of introduced flies by estimating their distance from known populations. One inversion polymorphism and six band polymorphisms spread over three chromosomes were analyzed. Populations in each sampled region had characteristic combinations of band polymorphisms. This may offer a diagnostic method for determining the origin of flies accidentally introduced to Australia.Key words: Chrysomya bezziana, screwworm, polytene chromosomes, asynapsis.

Revision of the genus Mitelloides Evans, with two new species from northern Australia (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
M.M. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
North East ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Torres Strait

AbstractThe genus Mitelloides Evans is revised. Three species are recognised and described; M. moaensis Evans (the type species) and two new species, M. thorntonensís and M. mouldsi. A key to the males of the genus is provided, and the known distributions of all species are mapped. The genus is known only from north-east Queensland, the Torres Strait Islands, and Papua New Guinea.

Conceptions of Health and Illness Held by Australian Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, and Papua New Guinea Health Science Students

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Boulton-Lewis ◽  
Hitendra Pillay ◽  
Lynn Wilss ◽  
David Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
Torres Strait

Health is considered to be a fundamental human right and developing a better understanding of health is assumed to be a global social goal (Bloom, 1987). Yet many third-world countries and some sub-populations within developed countries do not enjoy a healthy existence. The research reported in this paper examined the conceptions of health and conceptions of illness for a group of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, and Papua New Guinea university students studying health science courses. Results found three conceptions of health and three conceptions of illness that indicated these students held a mix of traditional/cultural and Western beliefs. These findings may contribute to overcoming the dissonance between traditional and Western beliefs about health and the development of health care courses that are more specific to how these students understand health. This may also serve to improve the educational status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and potentially improve the health status within these communities.

Parasitic zoonoses in Papua New Guinea

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.L. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Zoonotic Parasite ◽  
Parasitic Zoonoses ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Chrysomya Bezziana ◽  
Entamoeba Polecki

AbstractRelatively few species of zoonotic parasites have been recorded in humans in Papua New Guinea. A greater number of potentially zoonotic species, mostly nematodes, occur in animals but are yet to be reported from humans. Protozoa is the best represented group of those infecting man, withGiardia duodenalis,Cryptosporidium parvum,Cyclospora cayetanesis,Toxoplasma gondii,Sarcocystisspp.,Entamoeba polecki,Balantidium coliand, possibly,Blastocystis hominis. The only zoonotic helminths infecting humans include the trematodeParagonimus westermani, the cestodesHymenolepis nana,H. diminutaand the sparganum larva ofSpirometra erinacea, and the nematodesTrichinella papuaeandAngiostrongylus cantonensisand, possibly,Ascaris suum. Other groups represented are Acanthocephala (Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus)), insects (Chrysomya bezziana,Cimexsp.,Ctenocephalidesspp.), and mites (Leptotrombidiumspp. and, possiblySarcoptes scabiei, andDemodexsp.). One leech (Phytobdella lineata) may also be considered as being zoonotic. The paucity of zoonotic parasite species can be attributed to long historical isolation of the island of New Guinea and its people, and the absence until recent times of large placental mammals other than pig and dog. Some zoonotic helminths have entered the country with recent importation of domestic animals, in spite of quarantine regulations, and a few more (two cestodes, one nematode and one tick) are poised to enter from neighbouring countries, given the opportunity. Improvement in water supplies, human hygiene and sanitation would reduce the prevalence of many of these parasites, and thorough cooking of meat would lessen the risk of infection by some others.

The Sustainability of the Indigenous Dugong Fishery in Torres Strait, Australia / Papua New Guinea

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1375-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Marsh ◽  
A. N. M. Harris ◽  
I. R. Lawler
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Torres Strait
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