Costs of schizotypal disorder: A matched‐controlled nationwide register‐based study of patients and spouses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Halling Hastrup ◽  
Poul Jennum ◽  
Rikke Ibsen ◽  
Jakob Kjellberg ◽  
Erik Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Schizotypal Disorder

Trombodynamics Method in the Assessment of Coagulation Parameters in Psychopharmacotherapy of Endogenous Mental Disorders

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
N. S. Karpova ◽  
O. S. Brusov ◽  
I. V. Oleichik ◽  
M. I. Faktor ◽  
N. S. Levchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Continuous Type ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Psychopharmacological Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
First Time ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Background: currently, it has been proven that the pathogenesis of endogenous mental disorders is associated with the process of neuroinflammation in the brain of patients. It is also known that chronic neuroinflammation, accompanied by a violation the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. It is accompanied by the activation of platelets that generate procoagulant microparticles, which leads to a disturbance of the hemostasis system, causing an increase in blood clotting in patients. Objective: to investigate the dynamics of procoagulant activity of blood in patients with endogenous mental disorders before and after psychopharmacotherapy.Patients and methods: the study included 185 patients aged 16 to 64 years with the following mental disorders: schizophrenia with attack-like/attack-progressive/continuous type of course (F20.00–2), affective disease (F31.1–5; F32.0–3; F33.0–3), schizotypal disorder with affective fluctuations (F21.3–4). The thrombodynamic test (TD) was performed on T-2 Trombodynamis device according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Hemacore LLC, Moscow, Russia). All patients received standard pharmacotherapy according to their condition.Results: a significant decrease of procoagulant activity of spontaneous clots in the patients’ blood after psychopharmacological treatment is observed. Our data on the positive dynamics of changes in the values of TD test’s indicators in most of the examined patients suggest that a decrease in the coagulation activity of the patients’ blood as a result of treatment may be associated with the anti- inflammatory effect of antipsychotics and antidepressants.Conclusion: for the first time, it was shown that there is a positive dynamic in changing the values of the main parameters of the TD test in most patients with endogenous mental diseases. The results of TD tests can be the basis for monitoring the response to therapy.

scholarly journals Induced delusional disorder resulting from belonging to a sect in a female patient with schizotypal disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Maja Stańko-Kaczmarek ◽  
Magdalena Łabędzka ◽  
Janusz Rybakowski
Keyword(s):  
Female Patient ◽  
Delusional Disorder ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Psychopatology as a cultural paradigm

2021 ◽  
Vol LII (3) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Nikolaj D. Uzlov
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

In the context of models of modern society (modernism, postmodernism and post-postmodernism), psychopathological phenomena are considered that correspond to them in the form of neurosis, schizophrenia, as well as schizotypal disorder, pseudo-autism and digital dementia.

scholarly journals Reduced Cortical Thickness in Schizophrenia and Schizotypal Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Takayanagi ◽  
Daiki Sasabayashi ◽  
Tsutomu Takahashi ◽  
Atsushi Furuichi ◽  
Mikio Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

scholarly journals T194. SUBJECTIVE ANOMALIES OF IMAGINATION AGGREGATE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA-SPECTRUM DISORDERS AND ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DISORDERS OF BASIC SELF

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S305-S305
Author(s):  
Andreas Rosén Rasmussen ◽  
Josef Parnas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Abstract Background Imagination is the formation of ideas or images of something known not to be present to the senses. Clinical psychopathology has few notions addressing this domain apart from obsession and rumination. Some classic psychopathological notions such as Jaspers’ concept of pseudohallucination or the pseudo-obsession are relevant to this area. In a recent research project, informed by contemporary philosophy of mind and phenomenology, we have developed novel concepts targeting subjective disturbances of imagination and fantasy life with a focus on the schizophrenia-spectrum. Patients describe a spatialization of images, i.e., stable imagery with an articulated spatial structure being liable to inspection ‘from afar in the mind’ and often undergoing an autonomous development independently of the will of the patient (‘like watching a movie in the head’). Other notions address tacit, non-psychotic erosions of the demarcation of fantasy life from perception and memory. A broad range of ideations (such as ‘daydreams’, ‘fears’, anticipations, intrusions, paranoid or suicidal ideation) may involve such structural disturbances of experience. Here, we present data from the first, cross-sectional study investigating the distribution of anomalies of imagination in different diagnostic groups and healthy controls as well as their association with positive symptoms, negative symptoms and disorders of basic selfhood. Methods The sample (N=81) included in- and outpatients with schizophrenia or another non-affective psychosis (N=32), outpatients with schizotypal disorder (N=15) or other mental illness (N=16) and healthy controls (N=18). The sample was 70% female with mean age 29.9 (SD 6.8; range 18–42) years. Anomalies of imagination were assessed with the Examination of anomalous fantasy and imagination (EAFI), which is an instrument recently developed in our group for a semi-structured interview exploring these experiences. The EAFI has shown very good reliability with average Kappa of 0.84. Disorders of basic self were assessed with the Examination of anomalous self experience (EASE) and positive, negative and general symptoms with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results Anomalies of imagination aggregated significantly (p < 0.000, Kruskall-Wallis test) in the schizophrenia-spectrum disorders compared to other mental illness with no significant difference between schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder. The group of healthy controls very rarely reported these anomalies and scored significantly lower (p < 0.000) than all diagnostic groups. In multivariate linear regression analysis (R2 = 0.66), EAFI score was significantly associated with EASE score (β = 0.62, p < 0.000), PANSS positive (β = 0.34, p = 0.01) and PANSS negative (β = 0.29, p = 0.02), but not PANSS general score (β = -0.29, p = 0.07). More than 79% of the schizophrenia-spectrum patients retrospectively reported the onset of these experiences to adolescence or earlier. Discussion The results of this cross-sectional study support that the subjective anomalies of imagination, targeted with the EAFI, are associated with the schizophrenia-spectrum. The association with disorders of basic self, which has been shown to have trait-like characteristics and to predict transition to schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, may reflect that the anomalies of imagination share a common experiential core-structure with self disorders. We suggest that the anomalies of imagination belong to an early onset level of psychopathology in the schizophrenia-spectrum and may have a relevance for differential diagnosis and early detection.

scholarly journals M124. ASSOCIATION OF CHRONIC PHYSICAL MULTIMORBIDITY WITH THE EFFICACY OF TREATMENT IN DIFFERENT SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S182-S182
Author(s):  
Igor Filipčić ◽  
Ivona Šimunović Filipčić ◽  
Žarko Bajić
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Rehospitalization ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Abstract Background Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) have higher prevalence of chronic physical illness (CPI) and a substantially reduced life expectancy compared with the general population. Despite the increasing amount of research in this area, the effect on psychiatric treatment outcome is still not clear. Some research reported significant associations between several CPIs and different SSD treatment outcomes, whereas the remaining study did not. The objective of the current study is to assess differences in the association of the number of CPI with the overall number of psychiatric rehospitalization in specific SSD diagnosis. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 354 patients diagnosed with SSD (ICD10): 135 schizophrenia, 71 acute and transient psychotic disorder, 57 schizoaffective disorder, 68 unspecified unorganic psychosis, 23 other (persistent delusional disorder, schizotypal disorder). The primary outcome was the association of the number of CPI with the number of psychiatric rehospitalization since the diagnosis, as the surrogate outcome for the treatment success, adjusted for the time from diagnosis, age, and gender of participants. Results Mean number of CPI adjusted for the time from diagnosis, age, and gender was not significantly nor clinically relevantly different between particular SSD diagnosis (F(5,345)=0.70; p=0.620). It was 1.7 in schizophrenia, 1.5 in acute and transient psychotic disorder, 1.4 in schizoaffective disorder, 1.8 in unspecified unorganic psychosis, 1.0 in persistent delusional disorder and 1.9 in schizotypal disorder. The mean number of CPI adjusted for the same three potential confounders was significantly different between particular SSD diagnosis (F(5,345)=2.78; p=0.018). It was 6.7 in schizophrenia, 3.8 in acute and transient psychotic disorder, 7.3 in schizoaffective disorder, 4.8 in unspecified unorganic psychosis. However, the association of the number of CPI with the psychiatric rehospitalizations, adjusted for the previously stated three confounders, was significant and clinically relevant only in participants diagnosed with schizophrenia. In these participants, an increase of one CPI was associated with the 2.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.5) more psychiatric rehospitalizations (p<0.001). In participants diagnosed with other specific SSD the association of the number of CPI was not significantly associated with the number of psychiatric rehospitalizations. Moreover, on this particular sample level, it was negative, meaning that more CPI was associated with the lower number of psychiatric rehospitalization in all other SSD except in the case of unspecified nonorganic psychosis. Discussion In this cross-sectional study, we observed that the hypothesis of the effect of the number of CPI on the SSD treatment outcomes is valid only in the case of schizophrenia. Further research is needed to clarify whether additional psychological distress is related to the additional burden of multimorbidity.

scholarly journals Schizotypal Disorder in Children—A Neglected Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J Tonge ◽  
Renee Testa ◽  
Carmela Díaz-Arteche ◽  
Avril V Brereton ◽  
Katerina Stephanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Abstract Disabling psychotic-like perceptions, thoughts, and behavior have long been recognized in children. These symptoms have an adverse impact on child and family and are a developmental predictor of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD). Attempts to classify this phenomenon separately and within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) systems have been unsuccessful until the DSM-5 and ICD-11. The categorization of Schizotypal Disorder within the SSDs in DSM-5 and ICD-11, and recognition that it is manifest in childhood, has established Schizotypal Disorder in Childhood (SDC) as a focus for clinical attention and research. This article aims to increase the awareness of this debilitating disorder by describing 3 case studies (ages 6, 8, and 9), which illustrate and refine the clinical presentation and cognitive profile of SDC. Biopsychosocial risk factors, comorbid disorders, and features that differentiate it from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are discussed. A comprehensive understanding of SDC will improve the accuracy and validity of the diagnostic process and pave the way for further research into its etiology, developmental pathway, and treatment.

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