scholarly journals Negative affect and alcohol craving in trauma‐exposed young adult drinkers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin C. Berenz ◽  
Shiva Edalatian Zakeri ◽  
Alexander P. Demos ◽  
Katherine C. Paltell ◽  
Hanaan Bing‐Canar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Alcohol Craving

scholarly journals 0216 Is There a Daily Rhythm in Alcohol Craving and Does It Vary by Circadian Timing?

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A84-A84
Author(s):  
G Hisler ◽  
S Pedersen ◽  
D Clark ◽  
S Rothenberger ◽  
B Hasler
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Daily Rhythm ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Circadian Timing ◽  
Alcohol Craving ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Dim Light

Abstract Introduction People with later circadian timing tend to consume more alcohol, potentially due to altered rhythms in when and how much they crave alcohol throughout the day. However, whether circadian factors play a role in alcohol craving has received scant attention. Here, we investigated if the daily rhythm of alcohol craving varied by circadian timing in two independent studies of late adolescent and young adult drinkers. Methods In Study 1, 32 participants (18–22 years of age; 61% female; 69% White) completed momentary reports of alcohol craving five times a day for 14 days. Participants wore wrist actigraphs and completed two in-lab assessments of dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). Average actigraphically-assessed midpoint of sleep on weekends and average DLMO were used as indicators of circadian timing. In Study 2, 231 participants (21–35 years of age; 28% female; 71% White) completed momentary reports of alcohol craving six times a day for 10 days. Average midpoint of self-reported time-in-bed on weekends was used to estimate circadian timing. Results Multilevel cosinor analysis revealed a 24-hour daily rhythm in alcohol craving which was moderated by circadian timing in both studies (p’s<0.05). In both Study 1 and 2, people with later circadian timing had a later timed peak of craving. In Study 1, but not Study 2, later circadian timing predicted a blunted amplitude in craving. Conclusion Findings support a daily rhythm in craving that varies by individual differences in circadian timing. Because craving is an important predictor of future alcohol use, the findings implicate circadian factors as a useful area to advance alcohol research and potentially improve interventions. Support R21AA023209; R01DA044143; K01AA021135; ABMRF/The Foundation for Alcohol Research.

Anxiety sensitivity: Concurrent associations with negative affect smoking motives and abstinence self-confidence among young adult smokers

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Zvolensky ◽  
Marcel O. Bonn-Miller ◽  
Matthew T. Feldner ◽  
Ellen Leen-Feldner ◽  
Alison C. McLeish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Self Confidence

Self-medication and experiential avoidance: Using network analysis to understand young adult cannabis use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Enkema ◽  
Marilyn Piccirillo
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Paradoxical Effects ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

In the United States, cannabis is one of the two most commonly used substances, with the highest rates of use reported during young adulthood. The self-medication theory suggests that cannabis use may be a behavioral response to cope with unwanted mood and emotion. Additional theories under study were the dynamic model of addiction and the paradoxical effects of thought suppression and experiential avoidance. The current study used ecological momentary assessment to evaluate these three theories among young adult college student cannabis users by investigating contemporaneous and temporal links between positive and negative affect, craving, intoxication level, and coping style. Participants (N=86) were students at a large public university in the Pacific Northwest using cannabis two or more days per week, with problems related to cannabis use, and interest in changing their use. During a two-week ecological momentary assessment period, participants completed four daily self-reports. We constructed associative and temporal networks to test each of the three theories during cycles of cannabis use and cycles of cannabis non-use. Results provided evidence to support the dynamic model of addiction, as well as the paradoxical effects of thought suppression and experiential avoidance. However, there was mixed evidence related to the self-medication theory. The expected link between negative affect and level of intoxication was only observed in the contemporaneous model and not in the temporal model. Future research may investigate these theories among those using other substances, with more severe presentations, or greater readiness to change their use.

Gratitude and social support mediate the association between mindfulness and mood: A cross-cultural replication study

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532094638
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Mirnics ◽  
James B Hittner ◽  
Rhonda Swickert ◽  
Zsuzsanna Kövi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Replication Study ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect

Swickert and colleagues surveyed young adults in the United States and found that gratitude and social support mediated the association between mindfulness and mood (both positive and negative affect). This study attempted to replicate Swickert et al.’s mediational findings using a young adult Hungarian sample. Results indicated that with one exception, the mediational findings were replicated. The exception was that for the Hungarians, gratitude did not mediate the association between mindfulness and negative affect. Overall, these findings indicate that the mediational effects of gratitude and social support are quite similar for individuals living in the United States and Hungary.

scholarly journals The Impact of Positive and Negative Affect on QT Dispersion in Healthy Young Adult Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Barbaros Ozdemir ◽  
Murat Erdem ◽  
Abdullah Bolu ◽  
Taner Oznur ◽  
Huseyin Gunay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Healthy Young Adult ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
The Impact
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