scholarly journals On-Line Nonintrusive Detection of Wood Pellets in Pneumatic Conveying Pipelines Using Vibration and Acoustic Sensors

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 993-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duo Sun ◽  
Yong Yan ◽  
Robert M. Carter ◽  
Lingjun Gao ◽  
Gang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Sensors ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
On Line

Water absorption thermodynamics in single wood pellets modelled by multivariate near-infrared spectroscopy

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjörn A. Lestander
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Differential Heat ◽  
On Line ◽  
Explained Variation ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
Content Range

Abstract Samples of wood pellets were adjusted into six water content classes from 0% to 12%. The water content in single pellets varied between 0.1% and 14.2%. Three equations were constructed to estimate the differential heat of sorption (-ΔH) values from (1) fractal-geometry, (2) isosteric, and (3) calorimetric data. The ranges in calculated -ΔH of single pellets were (1) 133–1475, (2) 315–881, and (3) 195–1188 J g-1 water, respectively, across the studied moisture content range. Partial least squares regression was used to model near-infrared (NIR) spectra from single pellets and to predict -ΔH values and water content. The explained variation in test sets for the different models ranged from 97.1% to 99.9%. The shifts in peak absorbance for two water bands indicated that frequency in overtone vibration of O-H stretching and bending decreased, when water content was raised. Simulations of mixes between pellets of differential heat values showed that released heat was up to 0.03% of the gross calorific value of wood pellets. This heat may be a major contributor to initial temperature increases in pellet stacks during storage. The results indicate that on-line NIR based predictions of differential heat in wood pellets is possible to apply in the pellet industry.

Study on the Truck Scale Cheating Automatic Monitoring System Based on the GPRS

2013 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Zhao ◽  
Shou Guang Cheng ◽  
Bin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Automatic Monitoring System ◽  
On Line ◽  
Conveying System

The truck scale is more and more applied on the weighing system. To seek illegal profits, many kinds of truck scale cheating method is found in the weighing system. To monitoring the truck scale cheating method, the truck scale cheating automatic monitoring system based on the GPRS is brought out in this paper. The truck scale cheating automatic monitoring system is designed. The monitoring system includes three parts: the monitoring terminal, the GPRS transmission module and the upper monitoring system. The truck scale measurement data of the sensors are collected by the monitoring terminal and sent to the upper monitoring system through the GPRS module. The experimental system is established on the pneumatic conveying system and the experiment is carried out. The experimental results show that the automatic monitoring system can on-line monitor the truck scale cheating method and improves the security of the truck scale weighing system.

Solid Mass Flowrate Measurement System Using the Double-Elbow Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Zhao ◽  
Fan Wei Meng ◽  
Bin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Solid Mass ◽  
Solid Flow ◽  
Mixture Density ◽  
Mass Flowrate ◽  
On Line ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Conveying System

The gas-solid flow is widely used in the enterprises. The real-time solid mass flowrate measurement is an important role to the enterprise production. Based on the gas flowrate measurement principle of the Elbow, the new Double-Elbow real-time solid mass flowrate measurement method in the gas-solid flow is brought out in this paper. The new method can finger out the mass flowrate directly and need not measure the mixture density in advance. The instrument on measuring the solid mass flowrate is developed based on the new method; the instrument is using the 8031 as the MCU; the measurement result can be displayed on the LED. The experiment on measuring the solid mass flowrate is carried out in the pneumatic conveying system. The experimental results prove that the instrument can be real-time on-line measuring the solid mass flowrate.

scholarly journals On-line measurement of pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal in pipes

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 012076
Author(s):  
Jia Zhi-hai ◽  
Fan Xue-liang ◽  
Li Jun-feng ◽  
Cai Xiao-shu ◽  
Liu Ji-ze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line

On-line automatic detection of wood pellets in pneumatically conveyed wood dust flow

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duo Sun ◽  
Yong Yan ◽  
Robert M. Carter ◽  
Lingjun Gao ◽  
Xiangchen Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
On Line ◽  
Dust Flow

scholarly journals Infrared Spectroscopy for Online Measurement of Tars, Water, and Permanent Gases in Biomass Gasification

2021 ◽  
pp. 000370282199189
Author(s):  
Mohit Pushp ◽  
Christian Brackmann ◽  
Kent Davidsson
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
On Line ◽  
Solid Phase Adsorption ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Permanent Gases

Online measurements of the raw gas composition, including tars and water, during biomass gasification provide valuable information in fundamental investigations and for process control. Mainly consisting of hydrocarbons, tars can, in principle, be measured using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. However, an instrument subjected to raw gas runs the risk of condensation of tars on optical components and subsequent malfunction. Therefore, an external cell, heated to at least  400 ℃, has been designed to ensure that tars remain in the gas phase during FT-IR measurements. The cell was used for on-line FT-IR measurements of permanent gases (CO, CO2, CH4), water, and tars during the operation of a lab-scale downdraft gasifier using wood pellets, bark pellets, and char chips. Based on calibration, the measurement error of permanent gases was estimated to be 0.2%. Concentrations evaluated from spectral signatures of hydrocarbons in tar are in good agreement with results from solid-phase adsorption measurements and correlated well with operational changes in the gasifier.

The on-line use of histogram data for high-speed correction and alignment of electron microscope images

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
William Krakow
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Memory Access ◽  
Digital Television ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
On Line ◽  
Correction Of Astigmatism ◽  
The Fourier Transform

In the past few years on-line digital television frame store devices coupled to computers have been employed to attempt to measure the microscope parameters of defocus and astigmatism. The ultimate goal of such tasks is to fully adjust the operating parameters of the microscope and obtain an optimum image for viewing in terms of its information content. The initial approach to this problem, for high resolution TEM imaging, was to obtain the power spectrum from the Fourier transform of an image, find the contrast transfer function oscillation maxima, and subsequently correct the image. This technique requires a fast computer, a direct memory access device and even an array processor to accomplish these tasks on limited size arrays in a few seconds per image. It is not clear that the power spectrum could be used for more than defocus correction since the correction of astigmatism is a formidable problem of pattern recognition.

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