Impact of Skin–Electrode Interface on Electrocardiogram Measurements Using Conductive Textile Electrodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1412-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Taji ◽  
Shervin Shirmohammadi ◽  
Voicu Groza ◽  
Izmail Batkin
Keyword(s):  
Skin Electrode ◽  
Textile Electrodes ◽  
Electrode Interface ◽  
Conductive Textile

scholarly journals Electrochemical Characteristics Based on Skin-Electrode Contact Pressure for Dry Biomedical Electrodes and the Application to Wearable ECG Signal Acquisition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jinzhong Song ◽  
Tianshu Zhou ◽  
Zhonggang Liang ◽  
Ruoxi Liu ◽  
Jianping Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Electrode Pair ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Polarization Voltage ◽  
Skin Electrode ◽  
Textile Electrodes ◽  
Biomedical Electrodes ◽  
Electrode Contact ◽  
Evaluation Platform ◽  
Electrochemical Evaluation

Based on one simulated skin-electrode electrochemical interface, some electrochemical characteristics based on skin-electrode contact pressure (SECP) for dry biomedical electrodes were analysed and applied in this research. First, 14 electrochemical characteristics including 2 static impedance (SI) characteristics, 11 alternating current impedance (ACI) characteristics and one polarization voltage (PV), and 4 SECP characteristics were extracted in one electrochemical evaluation platform, and their correlation trends were statistically analysed. Second, dry biomedical electrode samples developed by the company and the laboratory, including textile electrodes, Apple watch, AMAZFIT rice health bracelet 1S, and stainless steel electrodes, were placed horizontally and vertically on the “skin” surface of the electrochemical evaluation platform, whose polarization voltages were quantitatively analysed. Third, electrocardiogram (ECG) collection circuits based on an impedance transformation (IT) circuit for textile electrodes were designed, and a wearable ECG acquisition device was designed, which could obtain complete ECG signals. Experimental results showed SECP characteristics for dry electrodes had good correlations with static impedance and ACI characteristics and the better correlation values among 2-10 Hz. In addition, polarization voltages in vertical state were smaller in horizontal state for dry biomedical electrodes, and polarization voltage of electrode pair (PVEP) values for Apple watch bottom was always smaller than ones for Apple watch crown and LMF-2 textile electrode. And the skin-electrode contact impedance of IT textile electrodes was less than the traditional textile electrodes.

scholarly journals Wearable FES Electrodes

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Tyler ◽  
Mavridis
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
The Body ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Passive Component ◽  
Electrode Size ◽  
Skin Electrode ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Electrode Interface

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been used to revitalise the muscles of people suffering from various kinds of injury. However, when human skin is incorporated into electrical circuits, it must not be treated as a passive component. Skin’s electrical properties must be known when electrodes deliver electrical stimulation to the body, whether by hydrogel electrodes or by electrodes embedded in apparel. Failure to address this issue increases the risk of skin burns due to too high current through the skin/electrode interface. We have demonstrated that there is a relationship between electrode size and measured voltage. The rise of voltage with a reduction of electrode size can be explained by the diminution of the skin contact area with resulting higher skin/electrode impedances. Thus, finding an electrical skin model that represents the behaviour of human skin is important for circuit design and the product development process.

Calligraphic ink enabling washable conductive textile electrodes for supercapacitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4082-4088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Van Lam ◽  
Kyungmin Jo ◽  
Chang-Hyun Kim ◽  
Sejeong Won ◽  
Yun Hwangbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Textile Electrodes ◽  
Conductive Textile ◽  
Electrodes For Supercapacitors

Washable conductive textile electrodes realized using calligraphic ink show nearly no degradation in electrical or mechanical performance even after 10 times vigorous laundering.

scholarly journals Dynamic Impedance Model of the Skin-Electrode Interface for Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0125609 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Vargas Luna ◽  
Matthias Krenn ◽  
Jorge Armando Cortés Ramírez ◽  
Winfried Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Impedance Model ◽  
Skin Electrode ◽  
Dynamic Impedance ◽  
Electrode Interface
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