A Novel, Compact, Low-Cost, Impulse Ground-Penetrating Radar for Nondestructive Evaluation of Pavements

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1502-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Lee ◽  
C. Nguyen ◽  
T. Scullion
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Evaluation ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ground Penetrating

scholarly journals A Novel Electrically Small Ground-Penetrating Radar Patch Antenna with a Parasitic Ring for Respiration Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1930
Author(s):  
Di Shi ◽  
Taimur Aftab ◽  
Gunnar Gidion ◽  
Fatma Sayed ◽  
Leonhard M. Reindl
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Gas Explosions ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Electromagnetic Characteristics ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Quick Search

An electrically small patch antenna with a low-cost high-permittivity ceramic substrate material for use in a ground-penetrating radar is proposed in this work. The antenna is based on a commercial ceramic 915 MHz patch antenna with a size of 25 × 25 × 4 mm3 and a weight of 12.9 g. The influences of the main geometric parameters on the antenna’s electromagnetic characteristics were comprehensively studied. Three bandwidth improvement techniques were sequentially applied to optimize the antenna: tuning the key geometric parameters, adding cuts on the edges, and adding parasitic radiators. The designed antenna operates at around 1.3 GHz and has more than 40 MHz continuous −3 dB bandwidth. In comparison to the original antenna, the −3 and −6 dB fractional bandwidth is improved by 1.8 times and 4 times, respectively. Two antennas of the proposed design together with a customized radar were installed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for a quick search for survivors after earthquakes or gas explosions without exposing the rescue staff to the uncertain dangers of moving on the debris.

Using Ground-Penetrating Radar and Dielectric Probe Measurements in Pavement Density Quality Control

1997 ◽  
Vol 1575 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Saarenketo
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Dielectric Surface ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Moving Vehicle ◽  
Surface Probe ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Probe Measurements

Ground-penetrating radar and capacitance-based dielectric surface probe measurements are used to measure fluctuations in voids, bitumen content, or both, in newly asphalted pavements without causing structural damage. Both methods rely on the compaction of asphalt to reduce the proportion of low-dielectricity air in the material, which increases the volumetric proportions of high-dielectricity bitumen and rock and thus results in higher asphalt dielectricity values. Ground-penetrating radar enables pavement thickness to be measured rapidly from a moving vehicle and information on variations in pavement voids content to be collected simultaneously on the basis of dielectricity fluctuations. The results can be calibrated against real void content by material sampling or by comparison of dielectric value with voids content values determined beforehand for the same material under laboratory conditions. This means that the subcontractor can be informed quickly of any values that exceed or fall below the norms and can take immediate steps to rectify such defects. Other advantages offered by the technique are the rapidity of the measurements and the immediate availability of the results. In addition, the one measurement provides simultaneous information on pavement and base thicknesses and the quality of the latter. The dielectric probe based on capacitance measurements lends itself to use in asphalt mass proportioning examinations performed at the laboratory stage, which enables the values to be used directly for monitoring in situ pavement compaction. The advantages of the dielectricity probe are rapidity of measurement, low-cost meters, and the avoidance of radiation. Thus far, the probe has been excessively sensitive to variations in the roughness of pavement surfaces. The theory behind these research methods is discussed, the methods are described, and the results of laboratory tests conducted at the Texas Transportation Institute in 1994–1995 and field tests performed in Finland in 1995 are presented.

Long-term mass-balance monitoring and evolution of ice in caves through structure from motion–multi-view stereo and ground-penetrating radar techniques

2022 ◽  
pp. 030913332110651
Author(s):  
Andrea Securo ◽  
Emanuele Forte ◽  
Davide Martinucci ◽  
Simone Pillon ◽  
Renato R Colucci
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Ground Penetrating

This study investigates the application of a terrestrial structure from motionmulti-view stereo (SfM-MVS) approach combined with ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys for monitoring the surface topographic change of two permanent ice deposits in caves located in the Julian Alps (south-eastern European Alps). This method allows accurate calculation of both seasonal and annual mass balance, estimating the amount of ice inside caves. The ground-based SfM approach represents a low-cost workflow with very limited logistical problems of transportation and human resources and a fast acquisition time, all key factors in such extreme environments. Under optimal conditions, SfM-MVS allows sub-centimetric resolution results, comparable to more expensive and logistically demanding surveys such as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Fourteen SfM acquisitions were made between the 2017–2020 ablation seasons (i.e. July–October) while 2 GPR surveys were acquired in 2012. The obtained dense point clouds and digital terrain models (DTMs) made possible a reliable calculation of topographic changes and mass balance rates during the analysed period. The integration of SfM-MVS products with GPR surveys provided comprehensive imaging of the ice thickness and the total ice volume present in each of the caves, proving to be a reliable, low cost and multipurpose methodology ideal for long-term monitoring.

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