Potential-Biased, Asymmetric Waveforms for Charge-Injection With Activated Iridium Oxide (AIROF) Neural Stimulation Electrodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.F. Cogan ◽  
P.R. Troyk ◽  
J. Ehrlich ◽  
T.D. Plante ◽  
D.E. Detlefsen
Keyword(s):  
Charge Injection ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Neural Stimulation

scholarly journals Contribution of Oxygen Reduction to Charge Injection on Platinum and Sputtered Iridium Oxide Neural Stimulation Electrodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 2313-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart F Cogan ◽  
Julia Ehrlich ◽  
Timothy D Plante ◽  
Marcus D Gingerich ◽  
Douglas B Shire
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Charge Injection ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Neural Stimulation

scholarly journals Correlation of Impedance and Effective Electrode Area of Iridium Oxide Neural Electrodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander R. Harris ◽  
Antonio G. Paolini
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
High Charge ◽  
State Diffusion ◽  
High Charge Density ◽  
Steady State Diffusion ◽  
Total Activation

Iridium oxide is routinely used for bionic applications owing to its high charge injection capacity. The electrode impedance at 1 kHz is typically reported to predict neural recording performance. In this article, the impedance of activated iridium oxide films (AIROFs) has been examined. The impedance of unactivated iridium electrodes was half that of platinum electrodes of similar geometry, indicating some iridium oxide was present on the electrode surface. A two time constant equivalent circuit was used to model the impedance of activated iridium. The impedance at low and intermediate frequencies decreased with increasing number of activation pulses and total activation charge. The impedance at 12 Hz correlated with the steady-state diffusion electroactive area. The impedance at 12 Hz also correlated with the charge density of the electrode. The high charge density and low impedance of AIROFs may provide improved neural stimulation and recording properties compared with typically used platinum electrodes.

A Comparison of TiN, Iridium and Iridium Oxide Stimulating Electrodes for Neural Stimulation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Pour Aryan ◽  
Christian Brendler ◽  
Viola Rieger ◽  
Steffen Kibbel ◽  
Alex Harscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Stimulating Electrodes

scholarly journals High‐charge‐capacity sputtered iridium oxide neural stimulation electrodes deposited using water vapor as a reactive plasma constituent

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 880-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimin Maeng ◽  
Bitan Chakraborty ◽  
Negar Geramifard ◽  
Tong Kang ◽  
Rashed T. Rihani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Reactive Plasma
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