High Productivity Single Wafer Radical Oxidation System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yokota ◽  
A. Tjandra ◽  
Kai Ma ◽  
M. Sanaka ◽  
K. Moritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Oxidation System

Congo Red Degradation in Anode and Sunlight/derivative Persulfate Composite Oxidation System

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naidong Zhang ◽  
Zhengjiang Zhu ◽  
Wanli Luan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Anodic Oxidation ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Degradation Reaction ◽  
Oxidation System ◽  
Refractory Organics

AbstractAnodic oxidation and sulphate radical oxidation were combined in the study for degradation of refractory organics. The degradation reaction of organic compounds and persulfate generation reaction occur simultaneously in Pt anodic oxidation system with electrolyte of Na

scholarly journals Chemical composition and hydrolysis of organic nitrate aerosol formed from hydroxyl and nitrate radical oxidation of <i>α</i>-pinene and <i>β</i>-pinene

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 12749-12766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Takeuchi ◽  
Nga L. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Bulk Solution ◽  
Organic Nitrate ◽  
Loss Mechanism ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Chamber Studies ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Oxidation System

Abstract. Atmospheric organic nitrate (ON) is thought to play a crucial role in the formation potential of ozone and aerosol, which are the leading air pollutants of concern across the world. Limited fundamental knowledge and understanding of the life cycles of ON currently hinder the ability to quantitatively assess its impacts on the formation of these pollutants. Although hydrolysis is currently considered an important loss mechanism of ON based on prior field measurement studies, this process for atmospherically relevant ON has not been well constrained by fundamental laboratory studies. In this comprehensive study, we investigated the chemical composition and hydrolysis process of particulate ON (pON) formed from the oxidation of α-pinene and β-pinene by hydroxyl (OH⚫) and nitrate radicals (NO3⚫). For pON that undergoes hydrolysis, the hydrolysis lifetime is determined to be no more than 30 min for all systems explored. This is significantly shorter than those reported in previous chamber studies (i.e., 3–6 h) but is consistent with the reported lifetime from bulk solution measurement studies (i.e., 0.02–8.8 h). The discrepancy appears to stem from the choice of proxy used to estimate the hydrolysis lifetime. The measured hydrolyzable fractions of pON (FH) in the α-pinene + OH⚫, β-pinene + OH⚫, α-pinene + NO3⚫, and β-pinene + NO3⚫ systems are 23 %–32 %, 27 %–34 %, 9 %–17 %, and 9 %–15 %, respectively. While a very low FH for the NO3⚫ oxidation system is expected based on prior studies, FH for the OH⚫ oxidation system is surprisingly lower than predicted in past studies. Overall, the hydrolysis lifetime as well as FH obtained in this study serve as experimentally constrained parameters that are required in regional and global chemical transport models to accurately evaluate the impacts of ON on nitrogen budget and formation of ozone and aerosol.

scholarly journals Effects of Antioxidants and Additional Emulsifiers on the Stability of Emulsified Milk Fat in the Photo/Radical Oxidation System

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 893-901
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Yamamoto ◽  
Shinichiro Hiyama ◽  
Yoshihiko Takase ◽  
Akio Kadowaki ◽  
Setsuko Hara
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Oxidation System

scholarly journals FEATURES OF FREE SKIN LIPID HOMOGENATES IN RATS AT DIFFERENT WAYS OF WOUND CLOSURE

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. O. Loza ◽  
M. I. Marushchak ◽  
O. V. Denefil
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Skin Lipid ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Biological Glue ◽  
Skin Homogenate ◽  
Oxidation System

According to different authors from 4 % to 22 % of patients who applied to medical institutions have abnormal scars. The aim of our research was to identify the characteristics of oxidative stress in skin homogenate of rats with different methods of wound closure. Analysis of all indicators allows to assert that intensity of free radical oxidation in the skin of the animals after applying skin glue is much lower compared to the animals after suturing. In furtherresearch is planned to analyze indicators of free radical oxidation system antioxidation protection and reparative ability of the skin when used sutures and biological glue in rats with the diabetes.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Hydrolysis of Organic Nitrate Aerosol Formed from Hydroxyl and Nitrate Radical Oxidation of α-pinene and β-pinene

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Takeuchi ◽  
Nga L. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Bulk Solution ◽  
Organic Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Radical ◽  
Loss Mechanism ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Chamber Studies ◽  
Oxidation System

Abstract. Atmospheric organic nitrate (ON) is thought to play a crucial role in the formation potential of ozone and aerosol, which are the leading air pollutants of concern across the world. Limited fundamental knowledge and understanding of the life cycles of ON currently hinders the ability to quantitatively assess its impacts on the formation of these pollutants. Although hydrolysis is currently considered as an important loss mechanism of ON based on prior field measurement studies, this process for atmospherically relevant ON has not been well constrained by fundamental laboratory studies. In this comprehensive study, we investigated the chemical composition and hydrolysis process of particulate ON (pON) formed from the oxidation of α-pinene and β-pinene by hydroxyl and nitrate radicals. For pON that undergoes hydrolysis, the hydrolysis lifetime is determined to be no more than 30 min for all systems explored. This is significantly shorter than those reported in previous chamber studies (i.e., 3–6 h) but is consistent with the reported lifetime from bulk solution measurement studies (i.e., 0.02–8.8 h). The discrepancy appears to stem from the choice of proxy used to estimate the hydrolysis lifetime. The measured hydrolyzable fractions of pON (FH) in the α-pinene+OH, β-pinene+OH, α-pinene+NO3, and β-pinene+NO3 systems are 23–32, 27–34, 9–17, and 9–15 %, respectively. While a very low FH for the nitrate radical oxidation system is expected based on prior studies, FH for the hydroxyl radical oxidation system is surprisingly lower than predicted in past studies. Overall, the hydrolysis lifetime as well as FH obtained in this study serve as experimentally constrained parameters that are required in regional and global chemical transport models to accurately evaluate the impacts of ON on nitrogen budget and formation of ozone and aerosol.

A modern technique for high productivity cold forging

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hayward ◽  
P.J. Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Cold Forging ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Modern Technique

Changing the face of short fiber –a review of the eucalyptus revolution

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER W. HART ◽  
RICARDO B. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Paper Manufacturing ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations

Eucalyptus plantations have been used as a source of short fiber for papermaking for more than 40 years. The development in genetic improvement and clonal programs has produced improved density plantations that have resulted in fast growing, increased fiber volume eucalypts becoming the most widely used source of short fibers in the world. High productivity and short rotation times, along with the uniformity and improved wood quality of clonal plantations have attracted private industry investment in eucalypt plantations. Currently, only a handful of species or hybrids are used in plantation efforts. Many more species are being evaluated to either enhance fiber properties or expand the range of eucalypt plantations. Eucalyptus plantations are frequently planted on nonforested land and may be used, in part, as a means of conserving native forests while allowing the production of high quality fiber for economic uses. Finally, eucalypt plantations can provide significant carbon sinks, which may be used to help offset the carbon released from burning fossil fuels. The development and expansion of eucalypt plantations represents a substantial revolution in pulp and paper manufacturing.

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