Surface roughness studies by optical processing methods

1969 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Optical Processing ◽  
Processing Methods

scholarly journals Post-Processing and Surface Characterization of Additively Manufactured Stainless Steel 316L Lattice: Implications for BioMedical Use

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1376
Author(s):  
Alex Quok An Teo ◽  
Lina Yan ◽  
Akshay Chaudhari ◽  
Gavin Kane O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Particulate Debris

Additive manufacturing of stainless steel is becoming increasingly accessible, allowing for the customisation of structure and surface characteristics; there is little guidance for the post-processing of these metals. We carried out this study to ascertain the effects of various combinations of post-processing methods on the surface of an additively manufactured stainless steel 316L lattice. We also characterized the nature of residual surface particles found after these processes via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Finally, we measured the surface roughness of the post-processing lattices via digital microscopy. The native lattices had a predictably high surface roughness from partially molten particles. Sandblasting effectively removed this but damaged the surface, introducing a peel-off layer, as well as leaving surface residue from the glass beads used. The addition of either abrasive polishing or electropolishing removed the peel-off layer but introduced other surface deficiencies making it more susceptible to corrosion. Finally, when electropolishing was performed after the above processes, there was a significant reduction in residual surface particles. The constitution of the particulate debris as well as the lattice surface roughness following each post-processing method varied, with potential implications for clinical use. The work provides a good base for future development of post-processing methods for additively manufactured stainless steel.

Coherent optical processing methods for transillumination imaging of biological tissue

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmett N. Leith ◽  
E. Arons ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
David S. Dilworth ◽  
Joaquin Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Tissue ◽  
Optical Processing ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Coherent Optical Processing

scholarly journals Integrated Probabilistic Surface Roughness Assessment for Various Processing Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Igor Bobrovskij ◽  
Petr Zibrov ◽  
Aleksey Luk’yanov ◽  
Olesja Levitskih
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Texture Characteristics ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Roughness Assessment ◽  
Processing Defects

The surface texture characteristics are specified by international standards, which include dozens of parameters, basically geometrical. The probability of filling the rough surface layer with a material from the reference line and through the layer thickness is proposed as a quantitative roughness assessment. It takes account of geometrical parameters, shape, height and frequency of surface irregularities. An example is given of studying a surface with processing defects, and a comparative analysis of surface treatment methods is presented. The calculation results are summarized in a table of probabilistic characteristics of surfaces for various processing methods.

Particulate Velocity And Size Measurements Using Holographic And Optical Processing Methods

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Crane ◽  
P. Dunn ◽  
P. H. Malyak ◽  
B. J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Optical Processing ◽  
Processing Methods

Experimental Study of Dynamic Properties of Mechanical Joint Surfaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Ya Zhou Sun ◽  
Yong Heng Li ◽  
Hai Tao Liu ◽  
Zong Shan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Equivalent Stiffness ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Mechanical Joint ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Joint Surfaces

Dynamic properties of mechanical joint surfaces are researched, majorly contains the study of basic mechanism and factors affect the dynamic properties of joint surfaces. Equivalent stiffness and damp are analyzed. Orthogonal experiments are arranged in order to analyze the weight of every major factor that affects the joint surfaces dynamics. Two common materials HT200, 2Cr13 under different processing methods, surface roughness and surface areas are used.

Evaluation of Vibration Finished Surfaces Using Image Processing Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 300-305
Author(s):  
Shizuichi Higuchi ◽  
Hiroaki Takai ◽  
Hideo Kato ◽  
Kazuya Okawa
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Orbital Motion ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Finished Surface ◽  
Finishing Tool

Vibration finishing which is often applied to the metal surfaces recently is the finishing method using a disk-type finishing tool with movements of rotational and orbital motion [1]. However, an application of this finishing method and an evaluation of finished surfaces require skills and sensory examinations. This is because the relations between finishing conditions and quality of finished surfaces are not clear. In recent years, image processing methods for evaluating finished surface roughness and texture analysis were proposed [2 - 5]. However, quantitative evaluation has not been fully done.

The Theoretical Contrast in Scanning and Conventional High Resolution Microscopes

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. G. R. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Optical Processing ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
Object Interaction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Optical Treatment ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Intensity Contrast

In the formation of an image each small volume element of the object is correlated to an areal element in the image. The structure or detail of the object is represented by changes in intensity from element to element, and this variation of intensity (contrast) is determined by the interaction of the electrons with the specimen, and by the optical processing of the information-carrying electrons. Both conventional and scanning transmission electron microscopes form images which may be considered in this way, but the mechanism of image construction is very different in the two cases. Although the electron-object interaction is the same, the optical treatment differs.

Roughness measurements of nonlinear optical polymer films by scanning tunneling microscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 22-23
Author(s):  
I. H. Musselman ◽  
R.-T. Chen ◽  
P. E. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Light Extinction ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Optical Polymer ◽  
Total Light

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to characterize the surface roughness of nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers. A review of STM of polymer surfaces is included in this volume. The NLO polymers are instrumental in the development of electrooptical waveguide devices, the most fundamental of which is the modulator. The most common modulator design is the Mach Zehnder interferometer, in which the input light is split into two legs and then recombined into a common output within the two dimensional waveguide. A π phase retardation, resulting in total light extinction at the output of the interferometer, can be achieved by changing the refractive index of one leg with respect to the other using the electrooptic effect. For best device performance, it is essential that the NLO polymer exhibit minimal surface roughness in order to reduce light scattering. Scanning tunneling microscopy, with its high lateral and vertical resolution, is capable of quantifying the NLO polymer surface roughness induced by processing. Results are presented below in which STM was used to measure the surface roughness of films produced by spin-coating NLO-active polymers onto silicon substrates.

Surface roughness measurements of vanadium-contaminated fluidized cracking catalysts by atomic force microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 866-867
Author(s):  
H. Kinney ◽  
M.L. Occelli ◽  
S.A.C. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Atomic Level ◽  
Microporous Structure ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Roughness Measurements ◽  
Cracking Catalysts

For this study we have used a contact mode atomic force microscope (AFM) to study to topography of fluidized cracking catalysts (FCC), before and after contamination with 5% vanadium. We selected the AFM because of its ability to well characterize the surface roughness of materials down to the atomic level. It is believed that the cracking in the FCCs occurs mainly on the catalysts top 10-15 μm suggesting that the surface corrugation could play a key role in the FCCs microactivity properties. To test this hypothesis, we chose vanadium as a contaminate because this metal is capable of irreversibly destroying the FCC crystallinity as well as it microporous structure. In addition, we wanted to examine the extent to which steaming affects the vanadium contaminated FCC. Using the AFM, we measured the surface roughness of FCCs, before and after contamination and after steaming.We obtained our FCC (GRZ-1) from Davison. The FCC is generated so that it contains and estimated 35% rare earth exchaged zeolite Y, 50% kaolin and 15% binder.

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