Characterizing bow-tie unit cell single layer visible wavelength metamaterials

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Hegde ◽  
E. P. Li Computational
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Visible Wavelength ◽  
Bow Tie

scholarly journals Dual-Band Single-Layer Fractal Frequency Selective Surface for 5G Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 2880
Author(s):  
Bram Decoster ◽  
Stephanie Maes ◽  
Iñigo Cuiñas ◽  
Manuel García Sánchez ◽  
Rafael Caldeirinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Central Metal ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Bow Tie

Due to the global growth in popularity of Fifth Generation (5G) cellular communications, the demand for shielding against it has risen for a variety of applications, mainly related to cybersecurity but also to isolation, calm areas and so on. This research paper aims to provide a suitable dual-band fractal FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) for the 5G lower band frequencies: 750 MHz and 3.5 GHz. The unit cell is in the shape of a bow tie, where each of the triangular parts are Sierpiński triangles. One major addition to the unit cell is a central metal strip to make the manufacturing of the FSS more feasible and to tune the operation frequencies and bandwidths. As with each different stage of a fractal antenna, the different stages of the fractal FSS design behave differently. For this application, stage 2 is sufficient, as we are able to cover frequency bands among those included in the FR1 5G spectrum. Some equations were derived using linear regression in order to provide specific design tools for building an FSS. These equations have high accuracy and can be used to adapt the proposed design to other frequencies. Some other parameters, which are not represented in the aforementioned equations, can also be adjusted for minor tweaking of the final design. This design performs well except under large incidence angles. This should be taken into account when proposing the installation of a structure based on it. A good agreement between simulation and measurement results is observed.

scholarly journals Independently Tunable Multipurpose Absorber with Single Layer of Metal-Graphene Metamaterials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Chen Han ◽  
Renbin Zhong ◽  
Zekun Liang ◽  
Long Yang ◽  
Zheng Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Fermi Level ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Metamaterial Absorber ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Perfect Absorption ◽  
Solar Energy Harvesting ◽  
Band Absorption

This paper reports an independently tunable graphene-based metamaterial absorber (GMA) designed by etching two cascaded resonators with dissimilar sizes in the unit cell. Two perfect absorption peaks were obtained at 6.94 and 10.68 μm with simple single-layer metal-graphene metamaterials; the peaks show absorption values higher than 99%. The mechanism of absorption was analyzed theoretically. The independent tunability of the metamaterial absorber (MA) was realized by varying the Fermi level of graphene under a set of resonators. Furthermore, multi-band and wide-band absorption were observed by the proposed structure upon increasing the number of resonators and resizing them in the unit cell. The obtained results demonstrate the multipurpose performance of this type of absorber and indicate its potential application in diverse applications, such as solar energy harvesting and thermal absorbing.

A Wideband, Single-Layer Reflectarray Exploiting a Polarization Rotating Unit Cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 872-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Luyen ◽  
Zhe Yang ◽  
Meng Gao ◽  
John H. Booske ◽  
Nader Behdad
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Unit Cell

scholarly journals Modified Minkowski Fractal Unit Cell for Reflectarrays with Low Sensitivity to Mutual Coupling Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Costanzo ◽  
Francesca Venneri ◽  
Giuseppe Di Massa
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Coupling ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Phase Curve ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Coupling Effects ◽  
Infinite Array ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Phase Design

A single-layer miniaturized reflectarray element with low sensitivity to mutual coupling effects of surrounding elements is presented in this paper. The configuration is proposed to preserve the effectiveness of the infinite array approach in those applications requiring reflectarrays with very small interelement spacing. The inherent ability of the proposed geometry to be adopted in highly miniaturized cells is demonstrated through an extensive analysis of mutual coupling effects on reflectarray phase design curves. In order to prove the independence of the proposed cell to mutual coupling effect, the phase curve variations due to the presence of different surrounding elements with respect to the case of identical cells are evaluated using the well-known extended local periodicity method. Small and negligible mutual coupling errors are retrieved for the proposed miniaturized unit cell, thus demonstrating lower sensitivity to mutual coupling adverse effects.

An Equivalent Continuum-Atomistic Characterization Model for Nanographitic Materials

Aerospace ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Karami
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Minimum Volume ◽  
Structured Materials ◽  
Stiffness Properties ◽  
Minimum Volumes ◽  
Equivalent Continuum

An equivalent continuum-atomistic algorithm is proposed for carbon-based structures such as nano-scale graphene platelets (NGPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) individually or as stiffeners with polymers. This equivalent continuum-atomistic model will account for the nonlocal effect at the atomistic level and will be a highly accurate mean to determine the bulk properties of graphene-structured materials from its atomistic parameters. In the model, the equivalent continuum and atomic domains are analyzed by finite elements and molecular dynamics finite element-based where atoms stand as nodes in discretized form. Micromechanics idea of representative volume elements (RVE) will be used to determine averaged homogenized properties. In the procedure, a unit hexagonal cell will be the RVE. A minimum volume of material containing this RVE and the neighboring hexagonal cells will be chosen. The size of this volume should cover all the atoms, which have bonded, and nonbonded interaction with the atoms of the RVE unit cell. This minimum volume will be subjected to several load cases. Determination of the response of the RVE hexagonal unit cell contained within the minimum volume, and its potential energy density under the defined load cases, will lead to the determination of mechanical parameters of an equivalent, continuum geometrical shape. For a single layer NGP the thickness of the hexagonal continuum plate is assumed to be 0.34 nm, while in three-dimension and multilayered the actual thickness of layers can be implemented. Under identical loading on the minimum volumes, identical potential (strain) energies for both models will be assumed. Through this equivalence a linkage between the molecular force field constants and the structural elements stiffness properties will be established.

scholarly journals Thermal Resistance across Interfaces Comprising Dimensionally Mismatched Carbon Nanotube-Graphene Junctions in 3D Carbon Nanomaterials

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungkyu Park ◽  
Vikas Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Single Layer Graphene ◽  
Interfacial Thermal Resistance ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Plane Direction

In the present study, reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics is employed to study thermal resistance across interfaces comprising dimensionally mismatched junctions of single layer graphene floors with (6,6) single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) pillars in 3D carbon nanomaterials. Results obtained from unit cell analysis indicate the presence of notable interfacial thermal resistance in the out-of-plane direction (along the longitudinal axis of the SWCNTs) but negligible resistance in the in-plane direction along the graphene floor. The interfacial thermal resistance in the out-of-plane direction is understood to be due to the change in dimensionality as well as phonon spectra mismatch as the phonons propagate from SWCNTs to the graphene sheet and then back again to the SWCNTs. The thermal conductivity of the unit cells was observed to increase nearly linearly with an increase in cell size, that is, pillar height as well as interpillar distance, and approaches a plateau as the pillar height and the interpillar distance approach the critical lengths for ballistic thermal transport in SWCNT and single layer graphene. The results indicate that the thermal transport characteristics of these SWCNT-graphene hybrid structures can be tuned by controlling the SWCNT-graphene junction characteristics as well as the unit cell dimensions.

PHOTOEMISSION STUDY OF THE INTRA-UNIT-CELL COUPLING IN A TRILAYER CUPRATE

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (11n12) ◽  
pp. 1691-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. FENG ◽  
H. EISAKI ◽  
K. M. SHEN ◽  
A. DAMASCELLI ◽  
C. KIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structures ◽  
Cuprate Superconductors ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Interlayer Coupling ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Photoemission Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Coupling ◽  
Lineshape Analysis ◽  
Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy ◽  
Photoemission Study

The electronic structures of the nearly optimally doped single-layer, bilayer and trilayer Bi-based cuprates are investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. A lineshape analysis of data taken for different photon energies indicates that the interlayer coupling within the trilayer is not stronger than its counterpart in the bilayer system. This suggests that the higher T c of the trilayer cuprate superconductors is not due to an enhancement of the coupling strength between the neighboring CuO2 planes within each unit cell.

A novel design of ultra-wide stop-band single-layer frequency selective surface using square-loop and cross

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Amit Birwal ◽  
Sanjeev Singh ◽  
Binod Kumar Kanaujia
Keyword(s):  
Stop Band ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Gain Enhancement ◽  
Single Side ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Excellent Stability

Abstract In this paper, a novel design of ultra-wide stop-band single-side single-layer frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented. The unit cell of the proposed FSS is designed using the combination of conventional square loop and cross (CSLC). To enhance the bandwidth of this structure, an additional cross is inserted in all the four quadrants of CSLC. The stop-band transmission bandwidth assuming −10 dB threshold is found to be 128.94% (2.16–10 GHz) which is 34.33% more as compared to the bandwidth of CSLC. The unit cell with a dimension of 16 × 16 mm2 is printed on one side of an FR4 substrate. The design is fabricated and the measured results are found to be in good agreement with the simulated results. The design provides excellent stability for both transverse magnetic and transverse electric polarizations. The design is very flexible, where any resonant frequency can be achieved by changing the length of unit cell. The design is useful in many applications such as antenna gain enhancement, electromagnetic wave shielding for Wi-Fi/5G systems, and other Internet of Things-based applications.

Single layer miniaturized ultra-thin FSS with five closely spaced bands

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. 797-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Dey ◽  
Rajarshi Sanyal
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Angular Stability ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Unit Cell Size ◽  
Unit Cell Structure

AbstractThis Paper reveals a novel single layer five band frequency selective surface (FSS). Novelties of the proposed FSS lie in its five closely spaced stop bands at 2.4, 3.38, 4.82, 6.32, and 7.75 GHz as well as the reduced single layer structural thickness (0.0016 λ0) and the miniaturized unit cell size (0.0656 λ0) at lower resonant frequency as compared to the existing multiband FSS. The unit cell structure consists of six octagonal concentric interconnected loops. Adjacent loop interconnection technique reduces the cell size by more than 44%. Furthermore, arrow-shaped rings are also introduced on each corner of the outermost octagonal loop, and using this technique approximate 23% cell miniaturization can be achieved. In addition, the proposed FSS exhibits excellent angular stability.

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