scholarly journals Dual-Band Single-Layer Fractal Frequency Selective Surface for 5G Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 2880
Author(s):  
Bram Decoster ◽  
Stephanie Maes ◽  
Iñigo Cuiñas ◽  
Manuel García Sánchez ◽  
Rafael Caldeirinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Central Metal ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Bow Tie

Due to the global growth in popularity of Fifth Generation (5G) cellular communications, the demand for shielding against it has risen for a variety of applications, mainly related to cybersecurity but also to isolation, calm areas and so on. This research paper aims to provide a suitable dual-band fractal FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) for the 5G lower band frequencies: 750 MHz and 3.5 GHz. The unit cell is in the shape of a bow tie, where each of the triangular parts are Sierpiński triangles. One major addition to the unit cell is a central metal strip to make the manufacturing of the FSS more feasible and to tune the operation frequencies and bandwidths. As with each different stage of a fractal antenna, the different stages of the fractal FSS design behave differently. For this application, stage 2 is sufficient, as we are able to cover frequency bands among those included in the FR1 5G spectrum. Some equations were derived using linear regression in order to provide specific design tools for building an FSS. These equations have high accuracy and can be used to adapt the proposed design to other frequencies. Some other parameters, which are not represented in the aforementioned equations, can also be adjusted for minor tweaking of the final design. This design performs well except under large incidence angles. This should be taken into account when proposing the installation of a structure based on it. A good agreement between simulation and measurement results is observed.

scholarly journals Miniaturized Angularly Stable Dual Band Frequency Selective Surface for K and Ka Band

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Singaram M ◽  
Krishna Kumar E ◽  
Chandraprasad V ◽  
Finney Daniel Shadrach ◽  
Gowthaman Manoharan
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Ka Band ◽  
Frequency Selective

A single layer novel compact frequency selective surface which is used in reflector antenna is designed and simulated. The proposed unit cell reflects electromagnetic waves in K and Ka band with maximum reflection occurring at 22.62 GHz and 35.44 GHz respectively. The designed FSS find its application in satellite communication. A crossed dipole structure in center and two-legged structure in corners with square loop in each quadrant makes the FSS unit cell structure. The FSS is designed with oblique incidence for transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarization with return loss 0.3 dB in 22.62 GHz and less than 0.5 dB in 35.44 GHz. The proposed work shows frequency independence against oblique angle of incidence. The simulated result from CST microwave studio is compared with other similar works.

Dual‐band single‐layer quarter ring frequency selective surface for Wi‐Fi applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ferreira ◽  
Iñigo Cuiñas ◽  
Rafael F.S. Caldeirinha ◽  
Telmo R. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Ring Frequency

Novel Dual-Band Miniaturized Frequency Selective Surface based on Fractal Structures

Frequenz ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhong ◽  
Hou Zhang ◽  
Rui Wu ◽  
Xueliang Min
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Anechoic Chamber ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Fractal Structures ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract A novel single-layer dual-band miniaturized frequency selective surface (FSS) based on fractal structures is proposed and analyzed in this paper. A prototype with enough dimensions is fabricated and measured in anechoic chamber, and the measured results provide good agreement with the simulated. The simulations and measurements indicate that the dual-band FSS with bandstop selectivity center at 3.95 GHz and 7.10 GHz, and the whole dimension of the proposed FSS cell is only 7×7 mm2, amount to 0.092λ0×0.092λ0, that λ0 is free space wavelength at first resonant frequency. In addition, the center frequencies have scarcely any changes for different polarizations and incidences. What’s more, dual-band mechanism is analyzed clearly and it provides a new way to design novel miniaturized FSS structures.

Polarization independent bandstop frequency selective surface for X-band application

Circuit World ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Kanchana D. ◽  
Radha Sankararajan ◽  
Sreeja B.S. ◽  
Manikandan E.
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Unit Cell Dimension ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
X Band ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Polarization Independent

Purpose A novel low profile frequency selective surface (FSS) with a band-stop response at 10 GHz is demonstrated. The purpose of this designed FSS structure is to reject the X-band (8-12 GHz) for the application of shielding. The proposed FSS structure having the unit cell dimension of 8 × 8 mm2, the miniaturization of the FSS unit cell in terms of λ0 is 0.266 λ0 × 0.266 λ0, where λ0 is free space wavelength. The designed FSS provides 4 GHz bandwidth with insertion loss of 15 dB. The transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes of the proposed design are same because of polarization independent characteristics and hold the angularly stable frequency response for both TE and TM mode polarization. Both the simulation and measurement results are in good agreement to each other. Design/methodology/approach The proposed FSS design contains square-shaped PEC material, which is placed on the substrate and the shape of the circle and rectangle is etched over the PEC material. The PEC material of the patch dimension is 0.0175 mm. The substrate used for the proposed design is FR4 lossy with the thickness of 0.8 mm and permittivity εr = 4.3 having a loss tangent of 0.02. Findings To find a new design and miniaturized FSS structure is discussed. Originality/value 100%

A novel design of ultra-wide stop-band single-layer frequency selective surface using square-loop and cross

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Amit Birwal ◽  
Sanjeev Singh ◽  
Binod Kumar Kanaujia
Keyword(s):  
Stop Band ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Gain Enhancement ◽  
Single Side ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Excellent Stability

Abstract In this paper, a novel design of ultra-wide stop-band single-side single-layer frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented. The unit cell of the proposed FSS is designed using the combination of conventional square loop and cross (CSLC). To enhance the bandwidth of this structure, an additional cross is inserted in all the four quadrants of CSLC. The stop-band transmission bandwidth assuming −10 dB threshold is found to be 128.94% (2.16–10 GHz) which is 34.33% more as compared to the bandwidth of CSLC. The unit cell with a dimension of 16 × 16 mm2 is printed on one side of an FR4 substrate. The design is fabricated and the measured results are found to be in good agreement with the simulated results. The design provides excellent stability for both transverse magnetic and transverse electric polarizations. The design is very flexible, where any resonant frequency can be achieved by changing the length of unit cell. The design is useful in many applications such as antenna gain enhancement, electromagnetic wave shielding for Wi-Fi/5G systems, and other Internet of Things-based applications.

Design and fabrication of miniaturized tri-band frequency selective surface with polarization-independent and angularly stable response

Frequenz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayi Soundariya Sampath ◽  
Ramprabhu Sivasamy
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Tm Mode ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Polarization Independent

Abstract A single-layer miniaturized tri-band frequency selective surface (FSS) for bandstop filtering applications has been proposed in this work. The metallic layer with four-branched meandered pattern connected in the center is engraved on a dielectric FR-4 substrate. The three stopbands operating at 2.6, 5.6, and 7.1 GHz provides −10 dB bandwidth of 437, 447, and 552 MHz respectively. The size of the unit cell is 0.067 λ∘ × 0.067 λ∘, where λ∘ is the wavelength of the first resonance frequency. As a figure of merit, the symmetric FSS structure provides the advantage of polarization independence. The proposed compact FSS structure exhibits a stable angular response up to 60° in TE and TM mode. Moreover, measurements obtained from the fabricated prototype are compared with the simulated results and are found to be in close agreement.

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