An analog checker with input-relative tolerance for duplicate signals

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-G.D. Stratigopoulos ◽  
Y. Makris
Keyword(s):  
Relative Tolerance

scholarly journals A column-and-constraint generation algorithm for two-stage stochastic programming problems

Top ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise D. Tönissen ◽  
Joachim J. Arts ◽  
Zuo-Jun Max Shen
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Programming ◽  
Benders Decomposition ◽  
Equivalent Model ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Constraint Generation ◽  
Deterministic Equivalent ◽  
Location Routing ◽  
Relative Tolerance

AbstractThis paper presents a column-and-constraint generation algorithm for two-stage stochastic programming problems. A distinctive feature of the algorithm is that it does not assume fixed recourse and as a consequence the values and dimensions of the recourse matrix can be uncertain. The proposed algorithm contains multi-cut (partial) Benders decomposition and the deterministic equivalent model as special cases and can be used to trade-off computational speed and memory requirements. The algorithm outperforms multi-cut (partial) Benders decomposition in computational time and the deterministic equivalent model in memory requirements for a maintenance location routing problem. In addition, for instances with a large number of scenarios, the algorithm outperforms the deterministic equivalent model in both computational time and memory requirements. Furthermore, we present an adaptive relative tolerance for instances for which the solution time of the master problem is the bottleneck and the slave problems can be solved relatively efficiently. The adaptive relative tolerance is large in early iterations and converges to zero for the final iteration(s) of the algorithm. The combination of this relative adaptive tolerance with the proposed algorithm decreases the computational time of our instances even further.

Relative tolerance to aluminium and manganese toxicities of Phalaris, cocksfoot, and tall fescue genotypes developed for low rainfall environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1526-1537
Author(s):  
Yantao Song ◽  
Richard C. Hayes ◽  
Graeme A. Sandral ◽  
Brett J. McVittie ◽  
Andrew Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Relative Tolerance

scholarly journals Do low oxygen environments facilitate marine invasions? Relative tolerance of native and invasive species to low oxygen conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2321-2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo E. Lagos ◽  
Diego R. Barneche ◽  
Craig R. White ◽  
Dustin J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Marine Invasions ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

scholarly journals White Christian Nationalism and Relative Political Tolerance for Racists

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Davis ◽  
Samuel Perry
Keyword(s):  
Political Tolerance ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
The Public ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Stigmatized Groups ◽  
Civic Belonging ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prejudicial Attitudes ◽  
Christian Nationalism

Recent studies demonstrate that white Americans who adhere to “Christian nationalism”―an ideology that idealizes and advocates a fusion of Christianity and American civic life―tend to hold authoritarian, exclusionary, and overtly prejudicial attitudes, particularly regarding ethno-racial minorities. In light of the public resurgence of white nationalist sentiment coinciding with the Trump presidency, the current study shifts the focus from attitudes toward a target minority as the outcome to Christian nationalism’s association with whites’ attitudes toward “racists” themselves. We use data from the 1996 and 2014 General Social Surveys and consider relative political tolerance toward old-fashioned racists (i.e., persons who believe black Americans are genetically inferior) compared to other historically stigmatized groups, including anti-religionists, communists, militarists, and homosexuals. Viewing Christian identity as essential to American civic belonging is among the strongest predictors of whites’ being politically intolerant of all stigmatized groups, racists included. However, when we examine relative tolerance toward racists compared to other stigmatized groups, white Christian nationalists show greater tolerance than other whites. This effect is distinct from personal religiosity which is associated with lower relative tolerance toward racists. Additionally, we find both survey year and gender moderate the association between white Christian nationalism and relative tolerance toward racists. Findings ultimately demonstrate that white Americans who adhere to Christian nationalism exhibit authoritarian tendencies―expressing lower tolerance for all groups considered―while making greater relative allowance for old-fashioned racists, who may be allies in the task of social control and coercion.

Poverty and Welfare Among the Portuguese Jews in Early Modern Amsterdam

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tirtsah Levie-Bernfeld
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Jewish Society ◽  
Welfare Institutions ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Work Education

Early modern Amsterdam was a prosperous city renowned for its relative tolerance, and many people hoping for a better future, away from persecution, wars, and economic malaise, chose to make a new life there. Conversos and Jews from many countries were among them, attracted by the reputed wealth and benevolence of the Portuguese Jews who had settled there. Behind the facade of prosperity, however, poverty was a serious problem. It preoccupied the leadership of the Portuguese Jewish community and influenced its policy on admitting newcomers. This book looks at poverty and welfare from the perspective of both benefactors and recipients. The book analyses benefactors' motives for philanthropy and charts its dimensions; it also examines the decision-making processes of communal bodies and private philanthropists, identifying the cultural influences that shaped their commitment to welfare. At the same time the book succeeds in bringing the poor to life: it examines what brought them to Amsterdam, aspects of their daily life in the petitions they sent to the different welfare institutions, and the survival strategies offered by work, education, and charity. The book also considers the related questions of social mobility and the motivation of the poor for joining the Amsterdam Portuguese community, and finally, to the small but active groups of Sephardi bandits who formed their own clandestine networks. Special attention is paid to poor women, who were often singled out for relief. In this way the book makes a much-needed contribution to the study of gender, in Jewish society and more generally.

scholarly journals White Christian Nationalism and Relative Political Tolerance for Racists

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua T Davis ◽  
Samuel L Perry
Keyword(s):  
Political Tolerance ◽  
Christian Identity ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Stigmatized Groups ◽  
Civic Belonging ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prejudicial Attitudes ◽  
Christian Nationalism

Abstract Recent studies demonstrate that white Americans who adhere to “Christian nationalism”―an ideology that idealizes and advocates a fusion of Christianity and American civic life―tend to hold authoritarian, exclusionary, and overtly prejudicial attitudes, particularly regarding ethno-racial minorities. We use data from the 1996 and 2014 General Social Surveys and consider relative political tolerance toward old-fashioned racists (i.e., persons who believe black Americans are genetically inferior) compared to other historically stigmatized groups, including anti-religionists, communists, militarists, and homosexuals. Viewing Christian identity as essential to American civic belonging is among the strongest predictors of whites’ being politically intolerant of all stigmatized groups, racists included. However, when we examine relative tolerance toward racists compared to other stigmatized groups, white Christian nationalists show greater tolerance than other whites. This effect is distinct from personal religiosity which is associated with lower relative tolerance toward racists. Additionally, we find both time and gender moderate the association between white Christian nationalism and relative tolerance toward racists. Findings ultimately demonstrate that white Americans who adhere to Christian nationalism exhibit authoritarian tendencies―expressing lower tolerance for all groups considered―while making greater relative allowance for old-fashioned racists, who may be allies in the task of social control and coercion.

A Relative Tolerance Relation of Rough Set (RTRS) for Potential Fish Yields in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Rd Rohmat Saedudin ◽  
Shahreen Kasim ◽  
Hairulnizam Mahdin ◽  
Edi Sutoyo ◽  
Iwan Tri Riyadi Yanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rough Set ◽  
Tolerance Relation ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Fish Yields

scholarly journals Keratinocyte Expression of Human β Defensin 2 following Bacterial Infection: Role in Cutaneous Host Defense

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. H. Dinulos ◽  
Laurel Mentele ◽  
L. Page Fredericks ◽  
Beverly A. Dale ◽  
Gary L. Darmstadt
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Disease Induction ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Human β defensin 2 (hβD-2) is thought to play an important role in cutaneous immune defense. We hypothesized that (i) keratinocyte expression of hβD-2, measured by reverse transcription-PCR, would be upregulated in response to challenge with pathogenic bacteria, particularly highly adherent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and (ii) hβD-2 would have potent antimicrobial activity against pathogenic but not commensal organisms. Expression of hβD-2 was induced consistently by S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas strains of S. pyogenes were poor and variable inducers of hβD-2. No correlation was found between levels of bacterial adherence and keratinocyte expression of hβD-2. S. pyogenes was significantly more sensitive to killing by hβD-2 than S. epidermidis. We conclude that the ability to induce hβD-2 expression in combination with sensitivity to its antimicrobial effects may contribute to the rarity of skin infections with the gram-negative bacterial organisms, whereas lack of stimulation of hβD-2 expression by S. pyogenes may be important in its ability to evade innate defenses and cause skin disease. Induction of expression of hβD-2 but relative tolerance to it may enable S. epidermidis to survive on the skin surface and modulate hβD-2 expression when the stratum corneum barrier is disrupted.

Manganese toxicity in Trifolium balansae, T. resupinatum, T. subterraneum, Medicago murex, M. polymorpha, M. sativa, Lotus pedunculatus, and Ornithopus compressus: relative tolerance and critical toxicity concentrations

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
DGDe Marco ◽  
CB Li ◽  
PJ Randall ◽  
Marco DG De
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Ornithopus Compressus ◽  
Burr Medic ◽  
Lotus Pedunculatus ◽  
Persian Clover ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mn Concentrations

This paper describes the tolerance to high concentrations of manganese (Mn) of pasture legumes that are suitable for the >500 mm rainfall zone in southern Australia. The legumes are lucerne (Medicago sativa), burr medic (M. polymorpha), murex medic (M. murex), balansa clover (Trifolium balansae), Persian clover (T. resupinatum), subterranean clover (T: subterraneum), greater lotus (Lotus pedunculatus), and seradella (Ornithopus compressus). Wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Egret and subterranean clover cvv. Mt Barker and Karridale were included to place the tolerance of the remaining species in the context of other studies.Symptoms of toxicity differed between species. Species ranking (in descending order) for Mn tolerance, and external threshold Mn concentrations (mmol/L), were subterranean clover (1.0), wheat (0.71), balansa clover (0.54), greater lotus (0.51), serradella (0.50), Persian clover (0.25), murex medic (0.24), burr medic (0.20), and lucerne (0.19). Critical toxicity concentrations derived from the relationships of yields to Mn concentrations in whole shoots for each species were as follows (mg Mn/kg DW): subterranean clover (2010), balansa clover (1330), serradella (1080), greater lotus (760), wheat (570), burr medic (440), murex medic (430), Persian clover (360), lucerne (190).

Yield, plant characteristics, and relative tolerance to bunch loss of four banana varieties (Musa AAA Group, Cavendish subgroup) in the semi-arid subtropics of Western Australia

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
TR Hill ◽  
ARJ Bissell ◽  
JR Burt
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Semi Arid

The yield, plant characteristics (pseudostem height and girth), and relative tolerance to bunch loss of 4 banana varieties (Musa AAA Group, Cavendish subgroup) were studied over 2 crops in the semi-arid subtropics at Carnarvon, Western Australia. The varieties were New Guinea Cavendish, Chinese Cavendish, Hsien.Jen Chiao, and the most widely grown Australian variety, Williams. The marketable yield of Williams was higher (P<0.05) than the mean of the other varieties in the parent crop (70.2 v. 50.7 t/ha) and ratoon 1 crop (65.8 v. 34.4 t/ha). This was the result of lower (P<0.05) bunch loss, about 41% less over the 2 crops, than for the other varieties. Resistance to bunch loss-pseudostem breakage and bunch peduncle snap was not associated with the shorter varieties (New Guinea Cavendish and Chinese Cavendish), but resistance to choke throat was associated with the taller varieties (Williams and Hsien Jen Chiao).

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