Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping to Alleviate Drought in Remote Locations

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kala Meah ◽  
Steven Fletcher ◽  
Yu Wan ◽  
Sadrul Ula
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Western Us ◽  
Water Right ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University

Many parts of the western US is rural in nature and consequently do not have electrical distribution lines in many parts of farms and ranches. Distribution line extension costs can run from $15,000 to $25,000 per mile, thereby making availability of electricity to small water pumping projects economically unattractive. Solar photo-voltaic (PV) powered water pumping is more cost effective in these small scale applications. Many western states including Wyoming are passing through fifth year of drought with the consequent shortages of water for many applications. Wyoming State Climatologist is predicting a possible 5–10 years of drought. Drought impacts the surface water right away, while it takes much longer to impact the underground aquifers. To mitigate the effect on the livestock and wildlife, Wyoming Governor Dave Freudenthal initiated a solar water pumping initiative in cooperation with the University of Wyoming, County Conservation Districts, Rural Electric Cooperatives, and ranching organizations. Solar water pumping has several advantages over traditional systems; for example, diesel or propane engines require not only expensive fuels, they also create noise and air pollution in many remote pristine areas. Solar systems are environment friendly, low maintenance and have no fuel cost. In this paper the design, installation and performance monitoring of the solar system for small scale remote water pumping will be presented.

scholarly journals Aerodynamic adaptivity criterion in the production methodology of the energy-efficient mine turbomachines

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Vladimir Makarov ◽  
Nikolai Makarov ◽  
Alexandr Lifanov ◽  
Artem Materov ◽  
Nikolay Kosarev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Competitive Growth ◽  
Flow Acceleration ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Conformal Mapping Method ◽  
Effective Performance

Competitive growth of enterprises in the mining and oil and gas industries of the Russian economy, combined with industrial safety requirements, updates the task of developing the design and production methodology for the aerodynamically adaptive turbomachines with a nature-like dominance. Such machines adequately and economically soundly establish the necessary parameters of the air environment in the technological space that implement the concept of optimal subsurface management ecotechnology. This article proposes a production methodology for the energy-efficient turbomachines using the aerodynamic adaptability criterion that determines the relations between the velocity circulation and flow acceleration around the vane cascade profiles as the nature-like dominance of the process for converting the mechanical rotational energy of impeller into the internal energy of the air flow. The Karman theory of bound and free vortices, the Chaplygin-Joukowski-Kutta hypothesis, the conformal mapping method, and curve irregularities are used for development of a mathematical model for controlling the aerodynamic adaptability. It is proved that the control dominant is the intensity of the sources distributed over the turbomachine impeller vane profile that determine the flow diffusivity and as a result the acceleration circulation around the profile. It has been experimentally confirmed that the use of profiles obtained using the proposed technique increases the aerodynamic adaptability coefficient of the turbomachine by 51%, while increasing the area of its cost-effective performance by at least 2 times.

Cost-Effective Reporting of Travel on Local Roads

2005 ◽  
Vol 1917 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Blume ◽  
Marais Lombard ◽  
Shaun Quayle ◽  
Phill Worth ◽  
John Zegeer
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Statistical Validity ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Minimum Number

The purpose of the Highway Performance Monitoring System of the Rural and Local Roads Reporting Project was to develop a more accurate, yet cost-effective, methodology for estimating vehicle miles traveled (VMT) on urban local roads, rural local roads, and rural minor collectors throughout Florida. A review of Florida's existing methodology, methodologies of five “peer” states, and available research was completed to develop specific evaluation criteria that could then be applied to several conceptual methodologies developed from the synthesis of information. The project team selected a preferred VMT estimation methodology that used census data and random sampling. The preferred methodology makes use of available census data and an intuitive correlation between travel and population density, job density, and roadway density, while it eliminates the dependence on volume groups that is part of FHWA's methodology for higher-order roadways. The density factors are used to group similar zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) into subregions to allow random samples taken in one subregion to represent similar ZCTAs statewide on the basis of any or all the following: population, job, and roadway density. A minimum number of random samples is selected to retain statistical validity while minimizing costs to conduct traffic counts. The methodology is flexible enough to allow adjustments (e.g., restratification based on indicators such as coefficients of variation) that improve the quality of the results from year to year. Implementing a test case of the methodology to determine real-world applicability is the next logical step in the research process.

A Decision Support Framework for Cost-Effective and Energy-Efficient Shipping

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh Q. Bui ◽  
Lokukaluge P. Perera
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Decision Support Framework ◽  
Maritime Operations

Abstract Stringent regulations regarding environmental protection and energy efficiency (i.e., emission limits regarding NOx, SOx pollutants and the IMO greenhouse gases reduction target) will mark a significant shift to the maritime industry. In the first place, the shipping industry has strived to work towards feasible technologies for regulatory compliance. Nevertheless, life cycle cost appraisal attaches much consideration of decision-makers when it comes to investment decisions on new technologies. Therefore, the life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is proposed in this study to evaluate the cash flow budgeting and cost performance of the proposed technologies over their life cycles. In the second place, environmental regulations may support innovation especially in the era of digitalization. The industrial digitalization is expected to revolutionize all of the aspects of shipping and enable the achievement of energy-efficient and environmental-friendly maritime operations. The so-called Internet of things (IoT) with the utilization of sensor technologies as well as data acquisition systems can facilitate the respective maritime operations by means of vessel operational performance monitoring. The big data sets obtained from IoT should be properly analyzed with the help of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) approaches. Our contribution in this paper is to propose a decision support framework, which comprises the LCCA analysis and advanced data analytics for ship performance monitoring, will play a pivotal role for decision-making processes towards cost-effective and energy-efficient shipping.

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