Instrumentation: Advanced user interfaces appear in oscilloscopes low-cost remote instrument control provided by PCs instrumentation for fiber optics moves ahead

IEEE Spectrum ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Voelcker
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Advanced User ◽  
Instrument Control

scholarly journals Implementation of a Six-Layer Smart Factory Architecture with Special Focus on Transdisciplinary Engineering Education

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2944
Author(s):  
Benjamin James Ralph ◽  
Marcel Sorger ◽  
Benjamin Schödinger ◽  
Hans-Jörg Schmölzer ◽  
Karin Hartl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Programming Environments ◽  
Metal Processing

Smart factories are an integral element of the manufacturing infrastructure in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. Nevertheless, there is frequently a deficiency of adequate training facilities for future engineering experts in the academic environment. For this reason, this paper describes the development and implementation of two different layer architectures for the metal processing environment. The first architecture is based on low-cost but resilient devices, allowing interested parties to work with mostly open-source interfaces and standard back-end programming environments. Additionally, one proprietary and two open-source graphical user interfaces (GUIs) were developed. Those interfaces can be adapted front-end as well as back-end, ensuring a holistic comprehension of their capabilities and limits. As a result, a six-layer architecture, from digitization to an interactive project management tool, was designed and implemented in the practical workflow at the academic institution. To take the complexity of thermo-mechanical processing in the metal processing field into account, an alternative layer, connected with the thermo-mechanical treatment simulator Gleeble 3800, was designed. This framework is capable of transferring sensor data with high frequency, enabling data collection for the numerical simulation of complex material behavior under high temperature processing. Finally, the possibility of connecting both systems by using open-source software packages is demonstrated.

Fast and Flexible Visualization Using an Enhanced Scene Graph

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gebert ◽  
Wolfgang Steger ◽  
Ralph Stelzer
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Product Data ◽  
Scene Graph ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Visualization Process ◽  
Game Engines

Virtual Reality (VR) visualization of product data in engineering applications requires a largely manual process of translating various product data into a 3D representation. Modern game engines allow low-cost, high-end visualization using latest stereoscopic Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) and input controllers. Thus, using them for VR tasks in the engineering industry is especially appealing. As standardized formats for 3D product representations do not currently meet the requirements that arise from engineering applications, the presented paper suggests an Enhanced Scene Graph (ESG) that carries arbitrary product data derived from various engineering tools. The ESG contains formal descriptions of geometric and non-geometric data that are functionally structured. A VR visualization may be derived from the formal description in the ESG immediately. The generic elements of the ESG offer flexibility in the choice of both engineering tools and renderers that create the virtual scene. Furthermore, the ESG allows storing user annotations, thereby sending feedback from the visualization directly to the engineers involved in the product development process. Individual user interfaces for VR controllers can be assigned and their controls mapped, guaranteeing intuitive scene interaction. The use of the ESG promises significant value to the visualization process as particular tasks are being automated and greatly simplified.

scholarly journals Low-Cost and Energy-Saving Wireless Sensor Network for Real-Time Urban Mobility Monitoring System

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyoung Lee ◽  
Zijia Zhong ◽  
Bo Du ◽  
Slobodan Gutesa ◽  
Kitae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Sensor Unit

This paper presents a low-cost and energy-saving urban mobility monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The primary components of the proposed sensor unit are a Bluetooth sensor and a Zigbee transceiver. Within the WSN, the Bluetooth sensor captures the MAC addresses of Bluetooth units equipped in mobile devices and car navigation systems. The Zigbee transceiver transmits the collected MAC addresses to a data center without any major communications infrastructures (e.g., fiber optics and 3G/4G network). A total of seven prototype sensor units have been deployed on roadway segments in Newark, New Jersey, for a proof of concept (POC) test. The results of the POC test show that the performance of the proposed sensor unit appears promising, resulting in 2% of data drop rates and an improved Bluetooth capturing rate.

scholarly journals A High-Frequency Sound based PGC Demodulation Scheme for Fiber Optics Hydrophone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjie Shi ◽  
Mengke Yin ◽  
Zijue Zhu ◽  
Shun Wang ◽  
Panting Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Interference Signal ◽  
High Frequency Sound ◽  
Frequency Sound

Abstract In the research field of fiber-optic hydrophone, the performance of demodulation scheme is crucial. In this work, a phase-generated-carrier (PGC) demodulation scheme based on high-frequency sound source is proposed. Highfrequency acoustic signal from the external sound source is applied to the fiber-optic hydrophone to achieve phase modulation of the interference signal instead of the piezo-electrical transducer (PZT) or frequency-modulated laser. It possesses the merits of low system complexity and low cost. Through the acoustic detection experiment, we achieve demodulation of acoustic signal at frequency varying from 300 Hz to 800 Hz, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is higher than 45 dB. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is successfully applied to time division multiplexing (TDM) experiment.

Thematic Analysis Using A Machine Learning Approach on User Reviews for Depression and Anxiety Chatbot Applications (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arfan Ahmed ◽  
Sarah Aziz ◽  
Uzair Shah ◽  
Asmaa Hassan ◽  
Alaa Abd-Alrazaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Google Play ◽  
Privacy Issues

BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression are amongst the most commonly prevalent mental health disorders (CMDs) worldwide. Chatbot apps can play an important role in relieving anxiety and depression. Users’ reviews of chatbot apps are considered an important source of data to explore users’ opinion and satisfaction of chatbot apps. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore users’ opinions, satisfaction, and attitudes about anxiety and depression chatbot apps through conducting a thematic analysis of users’ reviews of 11 anxiety and depression chatbot apps collected from Google play and Apple store. In addition, we propose a workflow to provide a methodological approach for future analysis of review comments. METHODS We analyzed 205,881 user review comments from chatbots dedicated for users with anxiety and depression symptoms. Using scrapper tools (Google Play Scraper and App Store Scraper python libraries), we extracted text and metadata. The reviews were divided into positive and negative meta themes, based on users rating per review. We analysed the reviews using word frequencies of bigrams (words in pair).A topic modelling technique, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was applied to identify topics in the reviews, and analysed for detecting themes and subthemes. RESULTS A thematic analysis was conducted on 5 topics for each sentimental set. Reviews were categorized as either positive or negative. For positive reviews, the main themes were confidence and affirmation building, adequate analysis, and consultation, caring as a friend, and easy to use. Whereas for negative reviews results revealed the following themes: usability issues, update Issues, Privacy and Non-creative conversation. CONCLUSIONS Chatbots appear to have the ability to provide users suffering from anxiety and depression feel confident and give them support via a tool that is easy to use, low cost, containing adequate symptom detection whilst providing feeling of having a close friend to converse with. Users tend to dislike technical and privacy issues. Users expect engaging and creative conversations via appealing user interfaces.

A Global Process for Model-Driven Approaches in User Interface Design

2012 ◽  
pp. 219-234
Author(s):  
Sybille Caffiau ◽  
Patrick Girard
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Iterative Development ◽  
Advanced User ◽  
Interactive Application

In user interface design, model-driven approaches usually involve generative solutions, producing interface by successive transformations of a set of initial models. These approaches have obvious limitations, especially for advanced user interfaces. Moreover, top-down design approaches (as generative approaches are) are not appropriate for interactive application development in which users need to be included in the whole design process. Based on strong associations between task models and dialogue models, the authors propose a global process, which facilitates the design of interactive applications conforming to their models, including a rule-checking step. This process permits either to start from a task model or a user-defined prototype. In any case, it allows an iterative development, including iterative user modifications, in line with user-centered design standards.

scholarly journals ClothSurface: Exploring a Low-Cost Prototyping Tool to Support Ideation for Shape Displays

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. F. Ho
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Sophisticated Equipment ◽  
Design Students ◽  
Tools And Methods

A shape-changing user interface is a type of interface that interacts with users by changing its physical form. Although researchers have been extensively studying shape-changing user interfaces, relevant research on its various design aspects—including tools and methods—remains limited. Prototyping shape-changing interfaces often requires sophisticated equipment and knowledge, which makes this sphere of design unwelcoming for designers with limited resources and technical knowledge (e.g., design students). In this study, we propose ClothSurface—a simple and low-cost prototyping tool to design for shape displays—and explore its use through a series of design sessions. The results reveal that ClothSurface can allow inexperienced designers to illustrate their ideas and to explore the design space of shape displays.

Voiceover Internet Protocal (VoIP)

2002 ◽  
pp. 144-174
Author(s):  
Bhumip Khasnabish
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Packet Networks ◽  
Enterprise Networks ◽  
Speech Compression ◽  
Voice Transmission ◽  
Voice Communications ◽  
Packet Voice

Traditionally, real-time voice communications–both within and outside of corporations (enterprises)—are achieved using public domain circuit-switched telephone networks (PSTNs). These networks use technologies that have been maturing over the last 150 years. However, the recent advances in and proliferation of packet-based switching technologies, World Wide Web (WWW) and PC-based user interfaces, and innovative digital signal processing (DSP) techniques are making real-time voice transmission using packet switching–particularly IP-based techniques—more feasible, at least within the logical boundaries of enterprise networks. Although the IP-based Internet is only about 25 years old, its compatibility with Ethernet2 , and its flexibility, openness and low-cost availability have enabled it to gain more than 260 million users worldwide3. In addition, proliferation of the WWW, multimedia PCs, and innovations in DSP during the last five years has made voice transmission over packet networks, particularly over IP, very attractive economically. In this chapter, we briefly review the technologies and standards—as recommended by IETF and ITU-T—that are making voice over IP (VoIP) a reality in both public and enterprise networks. Our focus is on low bit rate speech compression and silence suppression, voice packetization and encapsulation, sources of packet-voice impairments and methods to mitigate them, and packet-voice transmission engineering.

scholarly journals Multimodal Hand Gesture Classification for the Human–Car Interaction

Informatics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Andrea D’Eusanio ◽  
Alessandro Simoni ◽  
Stefano Pini ◽  
Guido Borghi ◽  
Roberto Vezzani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Natural User Interfaces ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Dynamic Gestures ◽  
Public Dataset

The recent spread of low-cost and high-quality RGB-D and infrared sensors has supported the development of Natural User Interfaces (NUIs) in which the interaction is carried without the use of physical devices such as keyboards and mouse. In this paper, we propose a NUI based on dynamic hand gestures, acquired with RGB, depth and infrared sensors. The system is developed for the challenging automotive context, aiming at reducing the driver’s distraction during the driving activity. Specifically, the proposed framework is based on a multimodal combination of Convolutional Neural Networks whose input is represented by depth and infrared images, achieving a good level of light invariance, a key element in vision-based in-car systems. We test our system on a recent multimodal dataset collected in a realistic automotive setting, placing the sensors in an innovative point of view, i.e., in the tunnel console looking upwards. The dataset consists of a great amount of labelled frames containing 12 dynamic gestures performed by multiple subjects, making it suitable for deep learning-based approaches. In addition, we test the system on a different well-known public dataset, created for the interaction between the driver and the car. Experimental results on both datasets reveal the efficacy and the real-time performance of the proposed method.

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