Performance Modeling and Characterization of Large Last Level Caches

Author(s):  
Parijat Dube ◽  
Michael Tsao ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Alan Bivens
Keyword(s):  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1134-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Botta ◽  
Donato Emma ◽  
Antonio Pescapé ◽  
Giorgio Ventre

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Gmeiner ◽  
Ulrich Rüde ◽  
Holger Stengel ◽  
Christian Waluga ◽  
Barbara Wohlmuth

In this work, we extend Achi Brandt's notion of textbook multigrid efficiency (TME) to massively parallel algorithms. Using a finite element based geometric multigrid implementation, we recall the classical view on TME with experiments for scalar linear equations with constant and varying coefficients as well as linear systems with saddle-point structure. To extend the idea of TME to the parallel setting, we give a new characterization of a work unit (WU) in an architecture-aware fashion by taking into account performance modeling techniques. We illustrate our newly introduced parallel TME measure by large-scale computations, solving problems with up to 200 billion unknowns on a TOP-10 supercomputer.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Klôh ◽  
Matheus Gritz ◽  
Bruno Schulze ◽  
Mariza Ferro

Performance and energy efficiency are now critical concerns in high performance scientific computing. It is expected that requirements of the scientific problem should guide the orchestration of different techniques of energy saving, in order to improve the balance between energy consumption and application performance. To enable this balance, we propose the development of an autonomous framework to make this orchestration and present the ongoing research to this development, more specifically, focusing in the characterization of the scientific applications and the performance modeling tasks using Machine Learning.


Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.


Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.


Author(s):  
B. H. Kear ◽  
J. M. Oblak

A nickel-base superalloy is essentially a Ni/Cr solid solution hardened by additions of Al (Ti, Nb, etc.) to precipitate a coherent, ordered phase. In most commercial alloy systems, e.g. B-1900, IN-100 and Mar-M200, the stable precipitate is Ni3 (Al,Ti) γ′, with an LI2structure. In A lloy 901 the normal precipitate is metastable Nis Ti3 γ′ ; the stable phase is a hexagonal Do2 4 structure. In Alloy 718 the strengthening precipitate is metastable γ″, which has a body-centered tetragonal D022 structure.Precipitate MorphologyIn most systems the ordered γ′ phase forms by a continuous precipitation re-action, which gives rise to a uniform intragranular dispersion of precipitate particles. For zero γ/γ′ misfit, the γ′ precipitates assume a spheroidal.


Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.


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