Added Palm Methyl Ester + Diesel and Bioethanol Mixtures and Engine Tune-Maintenance of a Research on the Determination of the Effect on Engine Performance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Selman Gokmen ◽  
Mustafa Acaroglu
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Palm Methyl Ester

scholarly journals Investigation on Physicochemical Properties of Wastewater Grown Microalgae Methyl Ester and its Effects on CI Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Tayari ◽  
Reza Abedi ◽  
Ali Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Main Fatty Acid ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
A Minor

AbstractMicroalgae have been mentioned as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. In this study, microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (MCV) was cultivated in a bioreactor with wastewater. After biodiesel production from MCV oil via transesterification reaction, chemical and physical properties of MCV methyl ester were evaluated with regular diesel and ASTM standard. Besides, engine performance and exhaust emissions of CI engine fuelled with the blends of diesel-biodiesel were measured. The GC-MS analysis showed that oleic and linoleic acids were the main fatty acid compounds in the MCV methyl ester. Engine test results revealed that the use of biodiesel had led to a major decrease in CO and HC emissions and a modest reduction in CO2 emissions, whereas there was a minor increase in NOx emissions. Furthermore, there was a slight decrease in the engine power and torque while a modest increase in brake specific fuel consumption which are acceptable due to exhaust emissions reduction. The experimental results illustrate considerable capabilities of applied MVC biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines to diminish the emissions.

Determination of cocaine and its metabolites in blood serum by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Barbara Potocka-Banaś ◽  
Krzysztof Borowiak ◽  
Tomasz Janus ◽  
Teresa Dembińska ◽  
Alicja Rak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Declustering Potential ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ecgonine Methyl Ester ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of cocaine and its metabolites (benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester) in biological material. Method. Cocaine and its metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Results. The extraction repeated twice with smaller portions of solvent showed higher efficiency and lower values of standard deviation that is why it was applied to further analysis. To increase sensitivity of LC/MS/MS method optimization of declustering potential was performed over 0-300V range and DP=100V was chosen. Collision energy for cocaine and benzoylecgonine was 25V and for ecgonine methyl ester was 22V. High resolution of the apparatus allowed to select narrow signal range for each compound: 185,135±0.025 Da for cocaine-d3, 182,120±0.025 Da for cocaine, 168,105±0.025 Da for benzoylecgonine and 182,125±0.025 Da for ecgonine methyl ester. Results obtained from analysis of two series of cocaine, benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester samples allowed to plot calibration curves within the range of 1-100 ng/ml which showed linearity. Conclusion. Obtained results allowed for identification and quantitative determination of cocaine and its metabolites (benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester) in human serum. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry can find application in both forensic and clinical toxicology.

scholarly journals Process optimization for biodiesel production from neutralized waste cooking oil and the effect of this biodiesel on engine performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzer Eryilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Cooking Oils

In this study, the methyl ester production process from neutralized waste cooking oils is optimized by using alkali-catalyzed (KOH) single-phase reaction. The optimization process is performed depending on the parameters, such as catalyst concentration, methanol/oil ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. The optimum methyl ester conversion efficiency was 90.1% at the optimum conditions of 0.7 wt% of potassium hydroxide, 25 wt% methanol/oil ratio, 90 min reaction time and 60°C reaction temperature. After the fuel characteristics of the methyl ester obtained under optimum conditions were determined, the effect on engine performance, CO and NOx emissions of methyl ester was investigated in a diesel engine with a single cylinder and direct injection. When compared to diesel fuel, engine power and torque decreased when using methyl ester, and specific fuel consumption increased. NOx emission increases at a rate of 18.4% on average through use of methyl ester.

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